Eating cake at the European Round Table: Panem et Circenses in the mediation of the European Union's 50th anniversary by the British and the Irish Press

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Trandafoiu
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-210
Author(s):  
Irina Donnikova ◽  
Natalуa Kryvtsova

In November 2018 in the National University “Odessa Maritime Academy,” the first round-table discussion “Co-generative Knowledge: Humanism, Innovation, Self-education” was held. One of the inspirations for the discussion was The Club of Rome's 50th-anniversary report calling for “New Enlightenment,” the transformation of thought, knowledge, and education. The Department of Philosophy, together with the International Academy of Psychosynergetics and Alphology (IAPA) presented the new interdisciplinary scientific and educational project with the primary aim of finding and implementing human- and culture-dimensional educational technologies, combining knowledge with human life practices. The second round-table discussion held at NU OMA on 14 June 2019, involved educators and researchers from universities of Dnipro, Kyiv, Odesa, and Kharkiv. Various theoretical and practical issues of education, thinking, knowledge, and cognition were discussed as related to the concept of co-generative knowledge. Educators and researchers shared their insights on the societal needs in the human-dimensional paradigm of social development; on the features of modern philosophical and scientific thinking, axiological aspects of knowledge, and humanistic intentions of education. The subjects of the discussion were critical and integrated thinking, the problem of systematicity of knowledge in modern education, creative construction of educational process, the use of systemic methodology in teaching philosophical disciplines. The discussion was specifically focused on the problem of formation of an educated person, discovering the resources for his creativity and self-creation. The participants stressed the heuristic potential of philosophical knowledge and the need to adjust the content of Philosophy courses in order to reveal it, the importance of creating humanitarian educational practices based on Philosophy, in particular, philosophical and psychological ones. It was emphasised that they will not only promote individualisation of educational process, but foster students’ and teachers’ self-knowledge and self-actualisation. The participants have come to a conclusion that the concept of co-generative knowledge reveals the unity of thinking, knowledge, values and practice of human existence. The heuristic potential of the concept was revealed in historical, socio-political, as well as philosophical and psychological aspects. The alternative theoretical and methodological positions presented by the participants support the need for ongoing discussion on co-generative knowledge, thinking, and education. Round Table Leaders: Irina Donnikova, Natalуa Kryvtsova. Round table participants: Oleg Punchenko, Nataliia Savinova, Volodymyr Khmil, Alla Nerubasska, Anatolii Malivskyi, Ivan Zagrijchuk, Ievgeniia Ivanova, Pavlo Maiboroda, Yuriy Mielkov, Olga Pavlova, Sergiy Antonyuk, Andrij Serebryakov  


Author(s):  
R. D. Heidenreich

This program has been organized by the EMSA to commensurate the 50th anniversary of the experimental verification of the wave nature of the electron. Davisson and Germer in the U.S. and Thomson and Reid in Britian accomplished this at about the same time. Their findings were published in Nature in 1927 by mutual agreement since their independent efforts had led to the same conclusion at about the same time. In 1937 Davisson and Thomson shared the Nobel Prize in physics for demonstrating the wave nature of the electron deduced in 1924 by Louis de Broglie.The Davisson experiments (1921-1927) were concerned with the angular distribution of secondary electron emission from nickel surfaces produced by 150 volt primary electrons. The motivation was the effect of secondary emission on the characteristics of vacuum tubes but significant deviations from the results expected for a corpuscular electron led to a diffraction interpretation suggested by Elasser in 1925.


Author(s):  
W.M. Stobbs

I do not have access to the abstracts of the first meeting of EMSA but at this, the 50th Anniversary meeting of the Electron Microscopy Society of America, I have an excuse to consider the historical origins of the approaches we take to the use of electron microscopy for the characterisation of materials. I have myself been actively involved in the use of TEM for the characterisation of heterogeneities for little more than half of that period. My own view is that it was between the 3rd International Meeting at London, and the 1956 Stockholm meeting, the first of the European series , that the foundations of the approaches we now take to the characterisation of a material using the TEM were laid down. (This was 10 years before I took dynamical theory to be etched in stone.) It was at the 1956 meeting that Menter showed lattice resolution images of sodium faujasite and Hirsch, Home and Whelan showed images of dislocations in the XlVth session on “metallography and other industrial applications”. I have always incidentally been delighted by the way the latter authors misinterpreted astonishingly clear thickness fringes in a beaten (”) foil of Al as being contrast due to “large strains”, an error which they corrected with admirable rapidity as the theory developed. At the London meeting the research described covered a broad range of approaches, including many that are only now being rediscovered as worth further effort: however such is the power of “the image” to persuade that the above two papers set trends which influence, perhaps too strongly, the approaches we take now. Menter was clear that the way the planes in his image tended to be curved was associated with the imaging conditions rather than with lattice strains, and yet it now seems to be common practice to assume that the dots in an “atomic resolution image” can faithfully represent the variations in atomic spacing at a localised defect. Even when the more reasonable approach is taken of matching the image details with a computed simulation for an assumed model, the non-uniqueness of the interpreted fit seems to be rather rarely appreciated. Hirsch et al., on the other hand, made a point of using their images to get numerical data on characteristics of the specimen they examined, such as its dislocation density, which would not be expected to be influenced by uncertainties in the contrast. Nonetheless the trends were set with microscope manufacturers producing higher and higher resolution microscopes, while the blind faith of the users in the image produced as being a near directly interpretable representation of reality seems to have increased rather than been generally questioned. But if we want to test structural models we need numbers and it is the analogue to digital conversion of the information in the image which is required.


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