Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia in an extremely low birth weight: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Basti ◽  
Arianna Mareri ◽  
Eugenia Maranella ◽  
Sandra Di Fabio
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Bilateral Pneumothorax ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Pulmonary Lymphangiectasia

AbstractObjectivesCongenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (CPL) is a rare but fatal disorder of the lung.Case presentationWe describe the case of an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant who presented with severe respiratory distress and recurrent bilateral pneumothorax. He died on day 17. The post-mortem examination of the lungs showed numerous cystic spaces, ranging from 1 to 2 mm in size, in the visceral pleura, in the thickened interlobular septum and hilum. A diagnosis of primary CPL was made.ConclusionsWe intend to underline that CPL, albeit rare, must be one of the differential diagnoses in infants with severe neonatal respiratory distress not responding to intensive care. Chronic interstitial lung diseases are a challenging diagnostic clinical problem, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. Histological lung examination may be useful to demonstrate the presence of CPL.

Passage of the First Stool in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1007
Author(s):  
Meenakshi K. Jhaveri ◽  
Savitri P. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Times of first stool passage were studied in 171 infants who weighed less than 1,500 g at birth. Delayed passage (greater than 48 hours) was noted in 20.4% of this group. Significant differences were noted between the delayed and nondelayed groups for gestational age, presence of severe respiratory distress syndrome, and the time of the first enteral feeding. In very low birth weight infants, delay in the passage of the first stool is a common occurrence. This delay is probably due to physiologic immaturity of the motor mechanisms of the gut, lack of triggering effect of enteral feeds on gut hormones, and the presence of severe respiratory distress syndrome, which may singly or in concert adversely affect gastrointestinal motility.

scholarly journals X-ray image of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns with low and extremely low birth weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Е. А. Krasilnikova ◽  
V. D. Zavadovskaya ◽  
V. A. Zhelev ◽  
J. O. Lyulko ◽  
S. P. Ermolenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is characterized by immaturity of lung tissue, surfactant deficiency and is a common cause of mortality in premature infants. X-ray is the main method for determining the causes and severity of respiratory failure in newborns.Purpose. Systematization of the results of X-ray examination of the lungs of newborns with varying degrees of prematurity, compared with autopsy data.Materials and methods. The analysis of X-ray data and sectional material of 32 premature infants with low and extremely low body weight who died with clinical manifestations of RDS was performed.Research results. The article provides a comparative analysis of various types of radiological changes in the lungs (reticulo-nodular pulmonary pattern (n=10), cellular deformity of the pulmonary pattern (n=5), «air bronchogram» (n=20), «air leakage» syndrome (n=6), focal-confluent shadows/infiltrative-like foci of darkening (n=9)) and autopsy results of premature newborns.Conclusion. The greatest number of coincidences of radiological and histological data took place in BPD (80%), the smallest — in pulmonary hemorrhages (20%). The coincidence of conclusions for pneumonia and GM disease is 58–56%, respectively. Difficulty in the differential diagnosis of the X-ray picture of the lungs in low birth-weight infants lies in the frequent combination of pathological conditions. Respiratory failure with a wide range of pathological changes in the lungs developed in 15 (53,6%) newborns in the absence of criteria for surfactant insufficiency against the background of respiratory support.

scholarly journals Effects of Early Phosphorus Intake on Respiratory Distress in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Hye Jung Bae ◽  
Hyung Woo Yoon ◽  
Moon Jin Kim ◽  
Ae Hee Jung ◽  
Sun Hoi Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Phosphorus Intake

scholarly journals Clinical profile and outcome of respiratory distress in newborns admitted in rural tertiary health care centre of Maharashtra, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Vinayak Y. Kshirsagar ◽  
Ashok Y. Kshirsagar ◽  
Rajsinh V. Mohite
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
New Born

Background: Respiratory distress is most common symptom complexes seen in newborn infants lead to high mortality. The objectives were to study various etiological factors, maternal and neonatal risk factors for development of respiratory distress along with need for CPAP, mechanical ventilation and surfactant to assess the immediate clinical outcome in newborns.Methods: The study was conducted at Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karad in period of January to August 2018. A total of 100 neonates who were admitted in NICU within 72 hours of life were studied by clinical examination and relevant investigations. The severity of distress was assessed by Silverman-Anderson scoring, Downe’s scoring and APGAR scoring respectively for neonates.Results: It was observed that max, 90% of the distress cases were of respiratory in origin and high severity of distress was observed among 27% newborns. The proportion of respiratory distress was higher, 51% in males and low APGAR score was reported in 14% cases. Among respiratory etiology of respiratory distress, high proportion was of TTNB 35.55%. The maternal and new born factors like maternal age >30 years (32%), gestational age 28-30 weeks (87.5%), gravid 2 and 3 mothers (35%), female gender (32.6%), low birth weight (70%) developed severe distress respectively. The recovery rate of respiratory distress due to respiratory etiology was of 88.8%.Conclusions: Transient tachypnoea of new-born is the most common cause among new-borns with respiratory distress. New-borns with low gestational age, low birth weight baby, low APGAR score is more prone to develop severe respiratory distress.

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