From Athenian fleet to prophetic eschatology. Correlating formal features to themes of discourse in Ancient Greek

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-400
Author(s):  
Georgios Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Formal Features

Abstract This is a diachronic corpus-based semantic analysis of the verb plēróō in Ancient Greek, from 6th c. BCE to the 2nd c. ce. Adopting the usage-based profile approach, it inquiries into the relation between formal features and themes of discourse, following the methodological consequences of two theoretical assumptions: first, that textual themes have a prototypical structure. Second, that formal features as a conceptual schematicity underlying the elaborated and situated level of discourse are immanent to these themes. Methodologically, it implements a Multiple Correspondence Analysis for each century, exploring the contribution of the formal and a fine-grained range of semantic features to the variation, as well as the strength of association between them. In order to test the plausibility of the immanence hypothesis, the analysis implements a Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering for the totality of data over the eight-century period, comparing the results of the latter with the individual MCA analyses.

scholarly journals Investigating homicide offender typologies based on their clinical histories and crime scene behaviour patterns

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-188
Author(s):  
Valeria Abreu ◽  
Edward Barker ◽  
Hannah Dickson ◽  
Francois Husson ◽  
Sandra Flynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Offender Profiling ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Offender Typologies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify offender typologies based on aspects of the offenders’ psychopathology and their associations with crime scene behaviours using data derived from the National Confidential Enquiry into Suicide and Safety in Mental Health concerning homicides in England and Wales committed by offenders in contact with mental health services in the year preceding the offence (n=759). Design/methodology/approach The authors used multiple correspondence analysis to investigate the interrelationships between the variables and hierarchical agglomerative clustering to identify offender typologies. Variables describing: the offenders’ mental health histories; the offenders’ mental state at the time of offence; characteristics useful for police investigations; and patterns of crime scene behaviours were included. Findings Results showed differences in the offenders’ histories in relation to their crime scene behaviours. Further, analyses revealed three homicide typologies: externalising, psychosis and depression. Practical implications These typologies may assist the police during homicide investigations by: furthering their understanding of the crime or likely suspect; offering insights into crime patterns; provide advice as to what an offender’s offence behaviour might signify about his/her mental health background. Findings suggest information concerning offender psychopathology may be useful for offender profiling purposes in cases of homicide offenders with schizophrenia, depression and comorbid diagnosis of personality disorder and alcohol/drug dependence. Originality/value Empirical studies with an emphasis on offender profiling have almost exclusively focussed on the inference of offender demographic characteristics. This study provides a first step in the exploration of offender psychopathology and its integration to the multivariate analysis of offence information for the purposes of investigative profiling of homicide by identifying the dominant patterns of mental illness within homicidal behaviour.

scholarly journals Can MOOC Instructor Be Portrayed by Semantic Features? Using Discourse and Clustering Analysis to Identify Lecture-Style of Instructors in MOOCs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changcheng Wu ◽  
Junyi Li ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Chunmei Lan ◽  
Kaiji Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Course Quality ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Massive Open Online Course ◽  
Complex Words

Nowadays, most courses in massive open online course (MOOC) platforms are xMOOCs, which are based on the traditional instruction-driven principle. Course lecture is still the key component of the course. Thus, analyzing lectures of the instructors of xMOOCs would be helpful to evaluate the course quality and provide feedback to instructors and researchers. The current study aimed to portray the lecture styles of instructors in MOOCs from the perspective of natural language processing. Specifically, 129 course transcripts were downloaded from two major MOOC platforms. Two semantic analysis tools (linguistic inquiry and word count and Coh-Metrix) were used to extract semantic features including self-reference, tone, effect, cognitive words, cohesion, complex words, and sentence length. On the basis of the comments of students, course video review, and the results of cluster analysis, we found four different lecture styles: “perfect,” “communicative,” “balanced,” and “serious.” Significant differences were found between the different lecture styles within different disciplines for notes taking, discussion posts, and overall course satisfaction. Future studies could use fine-grained log data to verify the results of our study and explore how to use the results of natural language processing to improve the lecture of instructors in both MOOCs and traditional classes.

A corpus-based analysis of the verb pleróo in Ancient Greek

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Inductive Methods ◽  
Image Schema

Abstract This is a corpus-based study of the development of the verb pleróo in Ancient Greek, originally meaning fill, from the 6th c. bce in Classical Greek, up to the end of the 3rd c. bce in Hellenistic Koiné. It implements a hierarchical cluster analysis and a multiple correspondence analysis of the sum of the attested instances of pleróo of that period, divided by century. It explores the gains following a syncretism between two methodological strands: earlier introspective analyses postulating variant construals over intuitively grasped schematic configurations such as image schemas, and strictly inductive methods based on statistical analyses of correlations between co-occurring formal and semantic features. Thus, it examines the relevance of the container image-schema to the architecture of the schematic construction corresponding to the prototypical and historically preceding sense of pleróo, fill. Consequently, it observes how shifts in the featural configurations detected through statistical analysis, leading to the emergence of new senses, correspond to successive shifts on the perspectival salience of elements in the schematic construction of the verb.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONALLY SEMANTIC FEATURES OF GREEK CONSTANT EXPRESSIONS WITH A PRETEXT ΕΚ (ΕΞ) AND THEIR TRANSLATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Olga Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Features ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Individual Approach ◽  
The Individual

In the article is explored the specific of translation of constant expressions with the ancient Greek pretext εκ(εξ), and also is examined his semantic denotation. The individual approach is used for the ancient Greek prepositional constructions which were not translated into the Ukrainian language with the purpose of observance and preservation of their original specifications.

scholarly journals The Development of εὑρίσκω ‘find’ as Evidence towards a Diachronic Solution of the Matching-Problem in Ancient Greek Complementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Ezra La Roi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Role ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Matching Problem ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Predicate Type

This paper traces the semantic and constructional development of the complement-taking verb εὑρίσκω ‘find’ from Homeric Greek to Post-Classical Greek. First, the paper details the semantic development of εὑρίσκω using characteristics such as predicate type, semantic role of the subject and factivity. Subsequently, explanations are offered for the constructional development of εὑρίσκω, using insights from grammaticalization research such as reanalysis and analogy. In contrast to previous studies on Ancient Greek complementation which support the idea of a systematic Classical Greek opposition of factive participial versus non-factive infinitival complementation, this paper shows how bridging contexts of mental judgment εὑρίσκω with a participial complement do not follow this opposition as they are non-factive and changed their meaning (with reanalysis) before changing their complementation structure (through analogy). Also, by extending our view to the individual history of other cognitive predicates (ἐπίσταμαι, γιγνώσκω and οἶδα) the author showsthat other cognitive predicates undergo similar developments from factive+object to factive+ ACP to non-factive+ACI, although their individual histories are still in need of a systematic diachronic account. Thus, complementation patterns per period could be analysed in a more fine-grained way by analysing complementation patterns bottom-up from the semantic and constructional evolutions of individual predicates. Also, the findings from this paper provide evidence towards a diachronic solution of the so-called matching-problem: diachronically related semantic and constructional stages strongly motivate the choice of a specific complementation structure but absolute factivity oppositions in Classical Greek complementation are rather strong tendencies.

scholarly journals What Are Good Situations for Running? A Machine Learning Study Using Mobile and Geographical Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihan Wang ◽  
Simon Scheider ◽  
Karlijn Sporrel ◽  
Marije Deutekom ◽  
Joris Timmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Type ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Feature Values ◽  
The Individual

Running is a popular form of physical activity. Personal, social, and environmental determinants influence the engagement of the individual. To get insight in the relation between running behavior and external situations for different types of users, we carried out an extensive data mining study on large-scale datasets. We combined 4 years of historical running data (collected by a mobile exercise application from over 10K participants) with weather, topographical and demographical datasets. We introduce weighted frequent item mining for the analysis of the data. In this way, we capture temporal and environmental situations that frequently associate with different running performances. The results show that specific temporal and environmental situations (hour in a day, day in a week, temperature, distance to residential areas, and population density) influence the running performance of users more than other situational features. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering on the running data is used to split runners in two clusters (with sustained and less sustained running behavior). We compared the two groups of runners and found that runners with less sustained behavior are more sensitive to the environmental situations (especially several weather and location related features, such as temperature, weather type, distance to the nearest park) than regular runners. Further analysis focused on the situational features for the less sustained runners. Results show that specific feature values correspond to a better or worse running distance. Not only the influence of individual features was examined but also the interplay between features. Our findings provide important empirical evidence that the role of external situations in the running behavior of individuals can be derived from analysis of the combined historical datasets. This opens up a large potential to take those situations specifically into consideration when supporting individuals which show less sustained behavior.

Interrelation of Architectural Concepts and Principles of Artificial Lighting in the Moscow Concert Hall Zaryadye

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Maria M. Ilyevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Concert Hall ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Building Type ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Architectural Planning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Formal Features

The article is focused on the analysis of the Zaryadye Concert Hall building in Moscow in terms of the significance of artificial lighting for the creation of the imagery and perception of this facility within the typology of entertainment music-oriented buildings. Through the example of modern places of entertainment, the author reveals a number of formal features (typological attributes), which, being common to buildings of this function, constitute the basis of their image and become obvious due to the realized lighting concept. The interpretation of these attributes in the interaction of architectural planning and lighting concepts in the Zaryadye Concert Hall is traced. In conclusion, the distinctive features of the building under consideration are determined. At the same time, they reflect a new understanding of concert halls as a building type, the changes related to the overall development of architecture, as well as the elements of the individual architectural language.

Stasis Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew van der Vlies
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Black Writers ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Contemporary Writing

Two recent debut novels, Songeziwe Mahlangu’s Penumbra (2013) and Masande Ntshanga’s The Reactive (2014), reflect the experience of impasse, stasis, and arrested development experienced by many in South Africa. This chapter uses these novels as the starting point for a discussion of writing by young black writers in general, and as representative examples of the treatment of ‘waithood’ in contemporary writing. It considers (spatial and temporal) theorisations of anxiety, discerns recursive investments in past experiences of hope (invoking Jennifer Wenzel’s work to consider the afterlives of anti-colonial prophecy), assesses the usefulness of Giorgio Agamben’s elaboration of the ancient Greek understanding of stasis as civil war, and asks how these works’ elaboration of stasis might be understood in relation to Wendy Brown’s discussion of the eclipsing of the individual subject of political rights by the neoliberal subject whose very life is framed by its potential to be understood as capital.

scholarly journals Clustering Techniques for Secondary Substations Siting

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Silvia Corigliano ◽  
Federico Rosato ◽  
Carla Ortiz Dominguez ◽  
Marco Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Target Set

The scientific community is active in developing new models and methods to help reach the ambitious target set by UN SDGs7: universal access to electricity by 2030. Efficient planning of distribution networks is a complex and multivariate task, which is usually split into multiple subproblems to reduce the number of variables. The present work addresses the problem of optimal secondary substation siting, by means of different clustering techniques. In contrast with the majority of approaches found in the literature, which are devoted to the planning of MV grids in already electrified urban areas, this work focuses on greenfield planning in rural areas. K-means algorithm, hierarchical agglomerative clustering, and a method based on optimal weighted tree partitioning are adapted to the problem and run on two real case studies, with different population densities. The algorithms are compared in terms of different indicators useful to assess the feasibility of the solutions found. The algorithms have proven to be effective in addressing some of the crucial aspects of substations siting and to constitute relevant improvements to the classic K-means approach found in the literature. However, it is found that it is very challenging to conjugate an acceptable geographical span of the area served by a single substation with a substation power high enough to justify the installation when the load density is very low. In other words, well known standards adopted in industrialized countries do not fit with developing countries’ requirements.

scholarly journals Identifying organ dysfunction trajectory-based subphenotypes in critically ill patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Su ◽  
Zhenxing Xu ◽  
Katherine Hoffman ◽  
Parag Goyal ◽  
Monika M. Safford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Sofa Score ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Baseline Severity ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering ◽  
Dynamic Time ◽  
Post Intubation

AbstractCOVID-19-associated respiratory failure offers the unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the differential host response to a uniform pathogenic insult. Understanding whether there are distinct subphenotypes of severe COVID-19 may offer insight into its pathophysiology. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is an objective and comprehensive measurement that measures dysfunction severity of six organ systems, i.e., cardiovascular, central nervous system, coagulation, liver, renal, and respiration. Our aim was to identify and characterize distinct subphenotypes of COVID-19 critical illness defined by the post-intubation trajectory of SOFA score. Intubated COVID-19 patients at two hospitals in New York city were leveraged as development and validation cohorts. Patients were grouped into mild, intermediate, and severe strata by their baseline post-intubation SOFA. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering was performed within each stratum to detect subphenotypes based on similarities amongst SOFA score trajectories evaluated by Dynamic Time Warping. Distinct worsening and recovering subphenotypes were identified within each stratum, which had distinct 7-day post-intubation SOFA progression trends. Patients in the worsening suphenotypes had a higher mortality than those in the recovering subphenotypes within each stratum (mild stratum, 29.7% vs. 10.3%, p = 0.033; intermediate stratum, 29.3% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.002; severe stratum, 53.7% vs. 22.2%, p < 0.001). Pathophysiologic biomarkers associated with progression were distinct at each stratum, including findings suggestive of inflammation in low baseline severity of illness versus hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in higher baseline severity of illness. The findings suggest that there are clear worsening and recovering subphenotypes of COVID-19 respiratory failure after intubation, which are more predictive of outcomes than baseline severity of illness. Distinct progression biomarkers at differential baseline severity of illness suggests a heterogeneous pathobiology in the progression of COVID-19 respiratory failure.

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