scholarly journals Saproxylic springtails (Collembola) of the Wigry National Park

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Skarżyński ◽  
Agata Piwnik ◽  
Anna Krzysztofiak
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Wood Decomposition ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
Ne Poland ◽  
Specimen Identification ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Faunistic and ecological studies on saproxylic Collembola species were carried out in the Wigry National Park (NE Poland). Nine sites representing Tilio-Carpinetum, Serratulo-Pinetum and Peucedano-Pinetum habitats each including three different levels of disturbance were visited twice in 2015. Samples from fallen logs in different stages of decay, neighboring litter and soil as well as arboreal epiphytes were taken on each visit. The Collembola specimens were then extracted using Tullgren funnels resulting in a total of 73 838 specimens from 270 samples. Specimen identification revealed the occurrence of 63 species, including 5 saproxylobiontic, 7 saproxylophilous, 4 xerophilous species living in epiphytic mosses and lichens as well as 47 hemiedaphic or euedaphic species. This composition of saproxylic fauna seems to be typical for the region with the most diverse assemblages being found in Tilio-Carpinetum habitats, while Serratulo-Pinetum and Peucedano-Pinetum are clearly less diverse. Additionally, a slight decrease in the number of Collembola species with increasing forest disturbance was observed. Furthermore, an increase in the number of Collembola species with the degree of dead wood decomposition was also found. This indicates that saproxylic springtail assemblages are sensitive to anthropogenic changes.

scholarly journals Volatile organic compound patterns predict fungal trophic mode and lifestyle

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Guo ◽  
Werner Jud ◽  
Fabian Weikl ◽  
Andrea Ghirardo ◽  
Robert R. Junker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Integration ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Fungal Interactions ◽  
Computational Analyses ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractFungi produce a wide variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which play central roles in the initiation and regulation of fungal interactions. Here we introduce a global overview of fungal VOC patterns and chemical diversity across phylogenetic clades and trophic modes. The analysis is based on measurements of comprehensive VOC profiles of forty-three fungal species. Our data show that the VOC patterns can describe the phyla and the trophic mode of fungi. We show different levels of phenotypic integration (PI) for different chemical classes of VOCs within distinct functional guilds. Further computational analyses reveal that distinct VOC patterns can predict trophic modes, (non)symbiotic lifestyle, substrate-use and host-type of fungi. Thus, depending on trophic mode, either individual VOCs or more complex VOC patterns (i.e., chemical communication displays) may be ecologically important. Present results stress the ecological importance of VOCs and serve as prerequisite for more comprehensive VOCs-involving ecological studies.

scholarly journals Standing crops of dominant combretum species at three browsing levels in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Dayton
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Combretum Apiculatum ◽  
Different Levels

In red bushwillow veld near the Sand River in the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, a determination was made of the standing crops of Combretum apiculatum and C. zeyheri at browsing levels delineated by the maximum feeding heights of impala (1,5 m), kudu (2,5 m) and giraffe (5,5 m). Using harvested sample trees, logarithmic or linear regression equations were generated which related basal diameter or stem height to biomass or percentage of total biomass at the different levels. Biomass was divided into two components: current shoots and wood plus bark. Regression forms and variables which produced the highest correlation coefficients changed with changes in species or browsing level, however, most equations were logarithmic with basal diameter as the independent variable.

scholarly journals Conservation in Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

Oryx ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse C. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Management Plans

Ethiopia does not often receive publicity for its wildlife conservation work, but there have been a commendable number of achievements over the last 15 years or so. For the last two years the author has been carrying out ecological studies to formulate management plans in the Bale Mountains area, which is in the process of being established as a national park. As a result of the developments and protection already afforded, numbers of the endemic mountain nyala have increased considerably.

scholarly journals First records of occurrence for two species of Bats in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L Rautenbach ◽  
I. W Espie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Ecological Studies

The Kruger National Park (KNP), Republic of South Africa, is one of the most intensively studied areas of Africa. Underlying the management practices for such a Park as well as broad-based ecological studies, is a thorough knowledge of the diversity and distribution of the fauna and flora under conservation.

scholarly journals Dead wood and mycoflora in Nature Reserve Polom, Protected Landscape Area Železné hory

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 118-134
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
J. Beránek ◽  
AVágner
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Wood Decomposition ◽  
Fomitopsis Pinicola ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Fomes Fomentarius ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
The Dead

Activity of fungi participating in the dead wood decomposition was studied in the Velk&yacute; Polom Nature Reserve, Protected Landscape Area Železn&eacute; hory. Two game-proof fences of an area of 0.30 ha (570 m alt.) and 0.19 ha (620 m alt.) were <br />used as permanent sample plots. In both the plots, activities were monitored of wood-destroying fungi in 126.82 m<sup>3</sup> dead wood, 104.05 m<sup>3 </sup>of which were in beech. After conversion to an area, the volume amounts to 258.82 m<sup>3</sup> per ha. In the whole reserve, almost 220 species of macromycetes were recorded in the course of a mycological survey. Wood-destroying fungi are the dominant component of mycoflora representing more than 50% identified taxa of in the period under study. The proportion of mycorrhizal fungi amounted to 14%. A series of macromycetes considered to be saprophytes is bound to products of wood decomposition. Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr., Fomitopsis pinicola (Sowerby) P. Karst., Ustulina deusta (Fr.) Petrak, Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) Kickx, Ganoderma lipsiense (Batsch) Atk. and the genus Armillaria were the predominant species of wood-decaying fungi. As for rare macro-fungi, it is possible to mention Ascotremella faginea (Peck) Seaver, Stropharia albocrenulata (Peck) Kreisel and Tricholomopsis decora (Fr.) Singer.

scholarly journals Białowieża Forest (Ne-Poland) and Valday Np ( Nw-Russia) – Biogeographical Characteristics of Eutrophic Deciduous Forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Marek Matuszkiewicz ◽  
Elena Bielonowska ◽  
Anna Kowalska ◽  
Nadjeżda Cariewska ◽  
Jarosław Baranowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Ne Poland ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Białowieża National Park ◽  
Eastern Border

Abstract During geobotanical studies in the north-eastern border of hemi-boreal zone, in Valday (NW Russia), rare eutrophic deciduous forests dominated by oak Quercus robur were observed. A comparison of these forests with the model of European deciduous forest in Białowieża National Park (NE-Poland) indicates a great similarity. Therefore, eutrophic deciduous forests in Valday can be classified to the Querco-Fagetea class, the Fagetalia sylvaticae order and to the Capinion betuli alliance, despite the absence of hornbeam Carpinus betulus in the region. Rarity of eutrophic deciduous forests in Valday region results probably from strong anthropogenic pressure in the past.

scholarly journals Saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera) of the strictly protected area Bukowa Góra in the Roztoczański National Park

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Magdalena Papis ◽  
Tomasz Mokrzycki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Saproxylic Beetles ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Saproxylic Coleoptera

Abstract The aims of this study were to demonstrate the role of forests in the Roztoczański National Park as a refuge for rare and endangered saproxylic Coleoptera as well as recognition of entomological fauna related to dead wood. The study was conducted in the strictly protected are of Bukowa Góra from 20th April to 30th September 2012 and focused on the wood of beech and fir. We inventoried saproxylic beetles by means of nine ‘Netocia’ traps, which resulted in a total of 135 recorded species, of which 52 had not been reported in the park before. Twenty-one rare and endangered species were found. The high number of new species in the Roztoczański National Park indicates a high biodiversity value of the area. Our studies therefore show that the strictly protected area of Bukowa Góra is a biodiversity hot spot of saproxylic Coleoptera.

scholarly journals Preliminary studies of fungi in the Biebrza National Park (NE Poland). II. Macromycetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kujawa ◽  
Marta Wrzosek ◽  
Grażyna Domian ◽  
Kamil Kędra ◽  
Jarosław Szkodzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
National Park ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ne Poland

This paper presents the second part of the results of the first short-term inventory of fungi species occurring in the Biebrza National Park and is focused on a survey of macrofungi. The total number of macrofungi found during the survey in late August 2012 was 289 taxa: 17 ascomycetes and 272 basidiomycetes, inhabiting diverse ecological niches. The identified fungi belonged to ectomycorrhizal symbionts and saprobionts decomposing wood, plant litter and animal remnants. The identity of 25 mycorrhizal fungi species has been confirmed using molecular techniques. Five species are newly reported for Poland (<em>Amanita olivaceogrisea, Lepiota lepida, Stropharia alcis, Xerocomus fennicus, X. cisalpinus</em>) and 225 taxa (79 %) were not known in the Biebrza National Park. Fifty species are endangered in Poland, of which nine species are protected by law. Data on species richness and the taxonomic diversity of the identified fungi are briefly commented in terms of their significance for nature conservation and future research.

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