scholarly journals A comparison of husked and naked oats under Irish conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
Kernel Yield

AbstractDuring the harvesting of husked oats (Avena sativa L.), the kernel remains tightly enclosed by a lignified lemma and palea, collectively termed the husk or hull. In naked oats, which are the same species as husked oats, the lemma is much less lignified and the kernel threshes free during harvesting. The absence of the largely indigestible husk increases the nutritive value of naked oats compared to that of husked oats, particularly for non-ruminants and poultry. There is little information regarding the potential of naked oats as an arable crop in Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine the productivity of naked oats under Irish conditions. Field experiments were carried out in the south east of Ireland to compare the grain yield and grain quality of both autumn-sown and spring-sown naked and husked oat cultivars. Grain yield of naked oat cultivars was significantly lower than that of husked oat cultivars, irrespective of whether they were autumn sown or spring sown. However, when the kernel yield of husked oat cultivars was estimated, differences in yield between the two types were much smaller, and in some cases, kernel yield of naked oat cultivars exceeded that of husked oat cultivars. Grain quality, as indicated by hectolitre weight and grain N concentration, was generally greater for naked oat cultivars than for husked oat cultivars. It is concluded that under Irish conditions, naked oats have the potential to produce kernel yields equivalent to husked oats. The grain produced is of high quality and may be particularly suited for the nutrition of non-ruminants.

Yield and grain quality of plump-kernelled spring triticale windrowed at different kernel water concentrations

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Jedel ◽  
D. F. Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Dry Down

Little information is available on the response of plump-kernelled spring triticales (X Triticosecale Wittmack) to windrowing at different kernel water concentrations (KWC). The objective of this research was to determine the effects of windrowing at KWCs of 1600 g kg−1 or less on the yield and grain quality of spring triticales compared with a Canadian prairie spring (CPS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Oslo'). Field experiments were conducted from 1989 to 1993 at Lacombe, AB, using the spring triticale cv. Wapiti in all years, and the cvs. Banjo and Frank in 1992 and 1993. Rate of dry-down varied between the cultivars and years. Oslo dried at a rate of 1.67 to 3.23 g kg−1 per growing degree day (GDD 0 °C basis). The rate of dry-down for the triticales ranged from 2.80 to 10.80 g kg−1 per GDD. Although the triticales reached physiological maturity much later than Oslo in any given year, they dried at a faster rate (with fewer GDDs) than Oslo. Windrowing at KWC of up to 1600 g kg−1 (62% moisture) had no effect on test weight, grain protein or germination of harvested grain. Effects of windrowing on grain yield varied but, when yield differences were significant, windrowing at 430 to 530 g kg−1 (30 to 35% moisture) optimized grain yield. When effects of windrowing on kernel weight were significant, kernel weight increased as KWC at windrowing decreased. When windrowing to curtail secondary growth of spring triticale is necessary in central Alberta, windrowing at 430 to 530 g kg−1 (30 to 35% moisture) is recommended to optimize yield without loss of test weight, protein content or germination. Key words: Spring triticale, Canadian prairie spring wheat, windrowing, kernel water concentration

Effect of cultivar on response of wheat and barley to chloride fertilization

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Mohr ◽  
C. C. Bernier ◽  
D. N. Flaten ◽  
G. J. Racz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield Responses

Crop cultivar has been shown to affect the frequency and magnitude of yield responses to chloride (Cl−) fertilizer applications. Information regarding the Cl− responsiveness of cereal cultivars commonly grown in western Canada is limited, however. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba in 1990 and 1991 to determine the effect of Cl− fertilization on plant nutrient status, grain yield and grain quality of Katepwa, Roblin, Biggar and Marshall wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and of Bedford, Brier, Argyle and Heartland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Chloride fertilization increased the concentration of Cl− in plant tissue of all cultivars. Increased grain yield and improved grain quality due to Cl− fertilization occurred more frequently in wheat than in barley; however, cultivars within a species differed in Cl− responsiveness. The application of 50 kg Cl− ha−1 significantly increased grain yield for Heartland barley by 905 kg ha−1 in one of four experiments, for Roblin wheat by 492 kg ha−1 in one of four experiments, for Biggar wheat by an average 333 kg ha−1 in two of four experiments and for Marshall wheat by an average 363 kg ha−1 in two of four experiments. However, the application of 50 kg Cl− ha−1 resulted in significant reduction in grain yield for Bedford in one of four experiments and for Marshall in one of four experiments. Yield responses to Cl− were not related to soil Cl− content or Cl− concentration in plant tissue. Key words: Chloride, fertilizers, wheat, barley, cultivars, yield

scholarly journals Changes in oat grain yield and quality with increased adaptability of cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
O. A. Yusova ◽  
I. V. Safonova ◽  
N. I. Aniskov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Hull Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Background. Among spring cereals, oat is one of the main grain crops in Siberia. The aim of this study was to determine how the parameters of adaptability in oat cultivars are correlated with yield and basic indicators of grain quality.Material and methods. The studies were carried out from 2011 to 2019 in the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia. The content of protein, crude fat and starch in grain, and its hull content were measured according to B. V. Pleshkov and N. S. Berkutova. Mathematical processing was performed following the guidelines by B. A. Dospekhov, S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell.Results. There was a significant variation in grain yield and grain quality (CV > 20%) in oat cultivars due to a high contribution from the conditions of the year (26.7...80.9%) as well as a strong direct (r = 0,607...0.825) or strong reverse (r = –0.660...–0.994) conjugation with climatic factors. As the protein content in grain increased, starch, oil (r = 0.960...0.962) and hull content (r = 0.442) increased as well. Naked oat cultivars manifested higher grain quality (4.6% protein, 17.6% starch, and 2.2% crude fat) and reduced yield (–1.45 t/ha) compared with hulled oat cultivars.Conclusion. Increased plasticity (bi) and stability (σ2d) of oat cultivars contributed to higher yields (rbi = 0.943;rσ2d = 0.344) but reduced grain quality indicators (rbi = –0.697…–0.812;rσ2d = –0.270…–0.300). Hull content in plastic cultivars decreased (rbi = –0.201).

scholarly journals Grain quality and status of oats (Avena sativa L.) during storage

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-871
Author(s):  
S. Rakic ◽  
S. Jankovic ◽  
M. Krivokapic ◽  
R. Jovanovic ◽  
J. Ikanovic
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this study has been to determine the effect of storage on grain quality of three oat cultivars selected in Serbia - Dunav, Vrbas and NS Tara. Freshly harvested oats were stored at the temperature of 25?2?C for 12 and 20 months. There was a significant decrease in the volume mass (458.4 to 408.9 kg/m-3) and the absolute mass of grains (26.6 to 24.2%) during the storage. The germination potential of the grains decreased over time (96.2-94.1%). The changes in the acid degree values (3.77-3.99 ml 1(Na OH/100 g) are highly significant (p<0.01). Initially, the pH level of the fresh samples was 6.2, and it decreased to 5.8 after 20 months. Genotypes and volume mass have great effect on storage duration (?2=0.8130 ?2 =0.7621 and ?2=0.6780). The interaction between the studied factors did not show statistically significant effects on the change in germination of oat grains (p>0.05). What mostly affects an increase in the acid degree value of oat grains is storage duration, followed by a genotype and the interaction between these two factors. The studied oat genotypes show no significant differences in glassiness (p>0.05).

Effect of nitrogen, seeding date and cultivar on oat quality and yield in the eastern Canadian prairies

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. May ◽  
Ramona M. Mohr ◽  
Guy P. Lafond ◽  
Adrian M. Johnston ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
N Rates

The proportion of oat (Avena sativa L.) being used for race horses and human consumption has increased over the past 15 yr. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N, seeding date and cultivar on grain yield components, grain yield and grain quality of oat under a direct seeding system. Four N rates, three seeding dates and two cultivars were tested at Indian Head, Melfort, and Canora, SK, and Brandon, MB. Yield was more responsive to increasing N rates from 15 and 80 kg ha-1 when oat was seeded in early May versus early June. Panicles plant-1 was the yield component that accounted for most of the yield increase achieved from increasing rates of N, while kernel weight was the yield component that decreased as the rate of N increased. Physical seed quality decreased (plump seed decreased and thin seed increased) with delayed seeding and greater N fertilizer rates. Nitrogen fertilizer and seeding date had a much larger effect on the quality of CDC Pacer than AC Assiniboia. Combining early seeding, appropriate N fertility and well-adapted cultivars should increase the likelihood of optimizing oat yield and quality necessary for high-value markets. Key words: Avena sativa L., yield components, test weight, lodging, plump seed, thin seed

Effects of common Echinochloa varieties on grain yield and grain quality of rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zichang Zhang ◽  
Tao Gu ◽  
Buhong Zhao ◽  
Xia Yang ◽  
Qiong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality

scholarly journals The composition and nutritive value of naked oat grain (Avena sativa var. nuda)

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Petkov ◽  
W. Biel ◽  
A. Kowieska ◽  
I. Jaskowska
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Naked Oat

scholarly journals ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ НЕКОРНЕВОЙ ПОДКОРМКИ МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТНЫМИ УДОБРЕНИЯМИ НА УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ЗЕРНА ЯРОВОЙ ТРИТИКАЛЕ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Kshnikatkina ◽  
A.N. Dolzhenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Grain Unit

Представлены результаты исследований по влиянию микроэлементных удобрений на формирование урожайности и качество зерна яровой тритикале сорта Укро. Установлено, что микроэлементные удобрения Азосол 36 Экстра, Мегамикс-Азот, Мегамикс-Профи, Цитовит и НаноКремний обеспечили увеличение параметров фотосинтеза агроценозов яровой тритикале. Максимальное значение листовой поверхности 42,5 тыс. м2/га, фотосинтетического потенциала 1,03 млн. м2 дн./га, чистой продуктивности фотосинтеза 6,29 г/м2 в сутки отмечены при двукратной фолиарной подкормке в фазы кущения и колошения препаратом Азосол 36 Экстра. Вследствие применения некорневой подкормки растений микроэлементными удобрениями в хелатной форме наблюдалось повышение урожайности яровой тритикале сорта Укро в совокупности с улучшением технологических свойств зерна. По вариантам опыта, в среднем за три года, урожайность зерна была 3,84-4,43 т/га. Прибавка по отношению к контролю колебалась в пределах 0,42-1,27 т/га (13,3-40,3). Наибольшая урожайность высококачественного зерна 4,43 т/га получена при двукратной подкормке в фазы кущения и колошения препаратом Азосол 36 Экстра, прибавка урожая зерна 1,27 т/га (40,3), натура зерна 796 г/л, стекловидность 63, сырая клейковина 26,2, белка 15,1.The results of studies on the influence of microelement fertilizers on the formation of productivity and grain quality of spring triticale of the Ukro variety are presented. It was found that microelement fertilizers Azosol 36 Extra, Megamix-Azot, Megamix-Profi, Tsitovit and NanoKremny provided an increase in the parameters of photosynthesis of agrocenoses of spring triticale.The maximum value of the leaf surface of 42.5 thousand m2/ha, the photosynthetic potential of 1.03 million m2 d/ ha, the net productivity of photosynthesis of 6.29 g/m2 per day were noted with double foliar dressing during the tillering and heading phases with Azosol 36 Extra. Due to the application of foliar dressing with microelement fertilizers in chelated form, an increase in the yield of spring triticale of the Ukro variety was observed, together with an improvement in the technological properties of grain. According to the experimental variants, on average for three years, the grain yield was 3.84-4.43 t/ha. The increase in relation to the control ranged from 0.42-1.27 t/ha (13.3-40.3). The highest yield of high-quality grain of 4.43 t/ha was obtained by double top dressing at the tillering and heading phases with the use of Azosol 36 Extra an increase in grain yield was 1.27 t/ha (40.3), grain unit - 796 g/l, glassiness - 63, raw gluten - 26.2, protein - 15.1.

scholarly journals Reserves for the Increase of Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and Their Dependence on the Heterogeneity of Crops in the Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Orenburg Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gulyanov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality

Aim. Verification of scientific concepts regarding the spatial heterogeneity of field agrocenoses. Identification of the variability of phytometric and structural crop ndicators and determination of the degree of their influence on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Orenburg Urals.Material and Methods. Establishment of field experiments, related observations and counts in accordance with the methodology of state variety crops testing and B.A.Dospekhov's guidelin. Monitoring of winter wheat crops was carried by measuring the vegetation index (NDVI) with a Green Seeker Handheld Crop Sensor, Model HCS‐100 (Trimble, USA). Determination of grain quality indicators was conducted according to GOST 9353‐2016 Wheat – Technical Conditions. Microsoft Office Excel was employed for the correlation and regression analysis of experimental data. Results. Analysis of the intra‐field heterogeneity of winter wheat agrocenoses in terms of yield and grain quality was conducted. The dependences of yield and grain quality on the principal crop phytometric and structural parameters were defined and expressed in the form of regression equations.Сonclusion. The results of the studies attest to the growth of reserves of grain yield to 3.0 t/ha and grain quality to class I‐II class in zonal climatic conditions of optimization of environmental factors to the level of the best basic plots by levelling out field soil heterogeneity. This is possible by restoring the fertility of anthropogenically‐degraded soil through the introduction of landscape‐adaptive and resource saving farming systems, soil protective and soil restorative crop rotation, differentiated application of organic and mineral fertilizers and selection of the most adaptive varieties. We also advise the introduction of intelligent ‘digital technologies’ aimed at fuller implementation of the genetic potential of cultivated varieties with careful consideration of natural resources and the preservation of biological diversity.

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