UV and Solar Light Induced Natural Iron Oxide Activation: Characterization and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Belaidi ◽  
L. Mammeri ◽  
H. Mechakra ◽  
W. Remache ◽  
K. Benhamouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
X Ray ◽  
North East ◽  
Natural Iron

Abstract In this study we demonstrate the efficiency of a natural mineral as a photocalyst. This natural mineral was provided from the iron ore deposit from Chaabet-El-Ballout which is located in North-East of Algeria. The characterization analysis of the mineral by the Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that the natural powder has a mixed elemental composition and consist mainly of iron oxide with 50 % of iron. In order to determine the crystal phase composition of the natural iron oxide (NIO), X-ray diffraction (DRX) measurement and infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out. The results showed that the NIO has a mixed crystal structure composed mainly of hematite and lesser extent of goethite. The specific surface area and the total pore volume of the NIO were 79.015 m2g−1 and 0.0892 cm3g−1 respectively, measured by the Brunauer Emmett–Teller method (BET). The Raman spectrum of the NIO confirmed that the sample has seven characteristic peaks attributable to hematite. The optical properties of soil powder were examined by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The pH of point of zero charge (pHpzc) of the adsorbent was determined, a value of 8.3 was found. The photocatalytic activity of the NIO particles was tested by the decomposition of aqueous solution of different class of compounds; phenolic compounds, pesticides and dyes due to their presence in many types of wastewaters. The sorption on the surface of the NIO with photocatalytic oxidation using oxalic acid and hydrogen peroxide would be an effective oxidation process for the removal of contaminants under UV and solar irradiation. High percentages of degradation of 1- Naphtol (1-NP) and Linuron were found about, 94.6 %, 97.2 % respectively, in presence of NIO and H2O2 under UV irradiation. The presence of oxalic acid with NIO enhanced the photodegradation of 2,6-dimethylphenol (2,6-DMP), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and Methylene blue (MB) with 72 %, 92 % and 100 % percentages of degradation respectively.

Catalytic Photodegradation of Rhodamine B in the Presence of Natural Iron Oxide and Oxalic Acid under Artificial and Sunlight Radiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Benhamouda ◽  
S. Belaidi ◽  
T. Sehili ◽  
K. Djebbar
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Natural Iron

Abstract Natural iron oxide was used as catalyst for a heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like process and it was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption volumetry measurement. Natural iron oxide consists mainly of hematite (76 %). Rhodamine B was mineralized by iron oxide/oxalic acid/UV system, involving creation of dissolved Fe-oxalate and adsorption of Fe-oxalate on the iron oxide surface. The effects of the initial concentration of oxalic acid and pH value, amount of natural iron oxide and concentration of dye, temperature and sunlight irradiation on the kinetics of photodegradation of rhodamine B were investigated. Excellent degradation rate was achieved with 5 mmol.L−1 of oxalic acid at a pH around 2–4. During the process, the formation of Fe2+, H2O2 and the pH of the solution were strongly dependent on the initial concentration of oxalic acid. Use of t-butanol (2.0 %) confirms that hydroxyl radicals are the entities responsible for the rhodamine B photodegradation. The use of the natural iron oxide as a catalyst in wastewater treatment is very interesting; because it is an abundant mineral and easy to separate from the solution in the end of treatment.

Study on the Heterojunction Photocatalyst Nb2WO8/ZnO Prepared by Ball Milling Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1241-1245
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ling Yu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shi Fu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Milling Method

Orthorhombic Nb2WO8 was synthesized by solid state reaction in Nb2O5-WO3 system. Heterojunction photocatalyst Nb2WO8/ZnO was prepared by ball milling. The structural and optical properties of the photocatalyst were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and fluorescence emission spectroscopy.The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic oxidation of rhodamine B and reduction of Cr6+. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of the Nb2WO8/ZnO was higher than that of ZnO. When the amount of doped Nb2WO8 was 10 wt.% and the sample was ball milled for 9 h, the Nb2WO8/ZnO showed the optimal photocatalytic activity. Effect of ball milling time on the photocatalytic activity was also investigated. The mechanisms of the increase in the photocatalytic activity were discussed by the valence band principle.

scholarly journals Assessing the Aflatoxin B1 Adsorption Capacity between Biosorbents Using an In Vitro Multicompartmental Model Simulating the Dynamic Conditions in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anai Zavala-Franco ◽  
Daniel Hernández-Patlán ◽  
Bruno Solís-Cruz ◽  
Raquel López-Arellano ◽  
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
X Ray

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of three different biosorbents (banana peel, Pyracantha leaves, and Aloe powder) in removing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A noncommercial mycotoxin binder (zeolite) was used as a reference material. A laboratory model that simulated the in vivo conditions of the poultry gastrointestinal tract was utilized to prove the removal efficiency of the biosorbents when added to AFB1-contaminated diet (100 µg/kg). The concentration of AFB1 was determined using antibody-based immunoaffinity column and spectrofluorometry methodologies. Z potential (ζ), point of zero charge (pHpzc), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) techniques were used to further characterize the biosorbents. The addition of the biosorbents (1.5%, w/w) to the diet significantly reduced the bioavailability of AFB1 in the intestinal section. The highest aflatoxin adsorption values were 69% and 70% using Aloe powder and zeolite, respectively. A moderate biosorption uptake of 46% was achieved using Pyracantha leaves. The biomaterial with the lowest removal capacity was banana peel (28%). In conclusion, Aloe powder could be used as an alternative to conventional systems for AFB1 removal.

Charge properties of red Argentine soils as an indicator of iron oxide/clay associations

Soil Research ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Torres Sánchez ◽  
M. Okumura ◽  
R. C. Mercader
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
North Eastern

The order of the relative degree of iron oxide coating of 4 samples of red soils from north-eastern Argentina was established using the point of zero charge (PZC), yielded by potentiometric titration, and the isoelectric point (IEP), obtained from the diffusion potential. When PZC is different from IEP, the relative fraction of apparent surface coverage could be assessed from the IEP. The results obtained by the application of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and specif ic surface area, although essential to characterise the samples, did not allow us to determine the degree of iron oxide coating. Our findings show that the order of this degree is opposite to the order of the ratio of the amount of free iron oxides to that of clay in iron oxides/clay mixtures.

scholarly journals La-Doped ZnTiO3/TiO2 Nanocomposite Supported on Ecuadorian Diatomaceous Earth as a Highly Efficient Photocatalyst Driven by Solar Light

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6232
Author(s):  
Ximena Jaramillo-Fierro ◽  
Silvia González ◽  
Francesc Medina
Keyword(s):  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
La Doped

Currently, there is great interest in the use of TiO2 for photocatalytic remediation of wastewater. Doping, heterojunction, and immobilization on porous materials are effective methods to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of this semiconductor oxide. In this study, ZnTiO3/TiO2 (ZTO) and ZnTiO3/TiO2/La (ZTO/La) nanocomposites were successfully prepared and immobilized on diatomaceous earth (DE). The composition and texture of the composites prepared were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), and specific surface area (SSA). The adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity of the composites were determined via degradation of methylene blue (MB) in batch reactors. The materials evaluated were prepared in the shape of 0.2 cm (diameter) and 1.0 cm (length) cylindrical extrudates. The results indicate that the ZTO/La-DE composite exhibited higher efficiency for the removal of MB under solar irradiation than both ZTO-DE and DE. The pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm model were better suited to explain the adsorption process. The highest degradation percentage of MB obtained was 96% after 150 min of irradiation. The results indicate that synthesized composite could be used for the removal of cationic dyes in wastewater.

Synthesis, Characterization and Comparative Study of TiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles and their Application as a Photocatalysts for a Trichromatic Dye

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-268
Author(s):  
Meriem Kouhail ◽  
El Ahmadi Zakia ◽  
Benayada Abbes
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible

Background: The textile industrial effluents cause profound imbalances in ecosystems, when released into nature; dyes are oxidized by micro-organisms, resulting in a decrease in the dissolved oxygen, which is necessary for the aquatic life. For this reason, it is important to implement economic, efficient, and green methods ensuring both the discoloration and detoxification of water. Objective: TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel and precipitation methods, respectively. These two nanoparticles were used to compare photocatalytic degradation under UV and solar irradiation for three reactive azoic dyes (trichromatic): Reactive Bezactive Yellow (RBY), Reactive Bezactive Red (RBR), and Reactive Bezactive Blue (RBB). Methods: The structural, i.e., morphological surface properties of the synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. : X-ray diffraction shows that TiO2 has a tetragonal structure with an anatase form. The effects of some operational parameters, such as the amount of TiO2 and ZnO, initial dye concentration, dye mixtures, and pH, were examined. The progress of photodegradation reaction was monitored by UV-Visible spectroscopy for decolorization and by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for degradation, and the efficiency of degradation was confirmed by Chemical Oxygen Demand measurement. Results: The dye degradation was found to be better in the presence of solar irradiation than under UV irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO was higher than TiO2 when used in its optimal conditions. Conclusion: The percentage of degradation of each dye is different, and the order of degradation of the three reactive dyes is as follows: RBY> RBR> RBB.

scholarly journals The effect of natural iron oxide and oxalic acid on the photocatalytic degradation of isoproturon: a kinetics and analytical study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Boucheloukh ◽  
W. Remache ◽  
F. Parrino ◽  
T. Sehili ◽  
H. Mechakra
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Natural Iron

The photocatalytic degradation of isoproturon, a persistent toxic herbicide, was investigated in the presence of natural iron oxide and oxalic acid and under UV irradiation.

Maghemite in soils and its origin

Clay Minerals ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Taylor ◽  
U. Schwertmann
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Magnetic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide

AbstractA magnetic iron oxide is a common constituent of ferruginous concretions in highly weathered Australian soils and is generally associated with varying proportions of hematite and occasionally with goethite. The X-ray diffraction pattern and the low Fe (11) contents (4-15% of total Fe) of this magnetic phase identify it as maghemite which was further confirmed by IR and DTA. This maghemite is only slightly soluble in dithionite but readily in 1:1 HCl or oxalic acid. From the Fe (11) contents and mineralogical associations in soil concretions, conditions for maghemite formation under near pedogenic conditions are suggested.

Heterogeneous photodegradation of 1-naphthol with natural iron oxide in water: influence of oxalic acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 2324-2333 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mammeri ◽  
T. Sehili ◽  
S. Belaidi ◽  
K. Djebbar
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Water Influence ◽  
Natural Iron

Removal of toluene from water by photocatalytic oxidation with activated carbon supported Fe3+-doped TiO2 nanotubes

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongfang Yuan ◽  
Beihai Zhou ◽  
Li Ma
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Sites

In this work, activated carbon (AC)-supported TiO2 containing 1.0% (mass percent) of 1.0 at.% (atomic percent) Fe3+-doped TiO2 nanotubes (Fe-TNTs) were successfully synthesized. The catalyst was used to effectively decompose toluene in water under O3/UV conditions, and some properties including the morphology, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, specific surface area and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were analyzed. A removal efficiency of 90.7% was achieved in the presence of fresh AC-supported Fe-TNTs calcined at 550 °C, with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.038/min. The removal efficiency of toluene was reduced when the catalysts were repeatedly used, since the amount of adsorption sites of the supporting substrates decreased. However, even after AC-supported catalyst was used four times, the removal efficiency of toluene was still sufficient in water treatment. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of AC-supported Fe-TNTs was related to the synergistic effect of AC adsorption and Fe-TNTs photocatalytic ozonation. The water from a petrochemical company in China was used to obtain the removal efficiency of the pollutants, and the toluene and total organic carbon removal efficiencies were 69.9% and 58.3%, respectively.

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