Prevalence of visual and hearing impairment in adults with intellectual disabilities in the southwestern Iran: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Saki-Malehi ◽  
Gholamreza Seddiq-rad ◽  
Abdoulaziz Sayyahi ◽  
Fakhri Mousavi-Far ◽  
Mohammad Veysi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
State Welfare ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Southwestern Iran

AbstractA disability is a set of physical or mental disorders that personally or socially prohibit a person from having a normal and independent life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of visual and hearing impairment in adults with intellectual disabilities in southwestern Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on people with disabilities in all rehabilitation centers of the Khuzestan state welfare organization in southwestern Iran from 1st January 2015 to 20th March 2016. The questionnaire was designed using the International Classification of Diseases-10 based criteria of intellectual disabilities diagnosis, in which it is referred to as a significantly sub-average intellectual functioning, slow development during the developmental period and a deficit in adaptive behavior. The questionnaire was field tested and validated before use. Visual and hearing impairment was defined based on the International Association for the Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IASSID) international consensus statement. Two hundred cases were diagnosed to have either intellectual disabilities or visual and hearing impairment. Diagnoses of intellectual disabilities, visual and hearing impairment had been confirmed in the present screening in 79 (39.5%), 38 (19%) and 83 (41.5%) subjects, respectively. Considering the overall population of people with disabilities that refer to all rehabilitation centers of the Khuzestan state welfare organization (n=22483), the prevalence of intellectual disabilities, visual and hearing impairment in the present screening was 0.35, 0.27, and 0.37, respectively. Consanguineous marriage and history of consanguinity were the leading causes of intellectual disabilities, visual and hearing impairments in the southwestern region of Iran, most of which are avoidable. Design for the prevention of these disabilities is most recommended to decrease the proportion of avoidable disorders.

scholarly journals Considerations for the Design of a Physical Fitness Battery to Assess Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Preliminary Reference Values for the SAMU DIS-FIT Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9280
Author(s):  
Ruth Cabeza-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities

For the assessment of the health-related physical fitness (PF) of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), tools designed for people without disabilities have generally been used. Also, the results of these assessments have routinely been compared with the scores obtained by people without ID. The objectives of the present study are to present the rationale for the design of an assessment battery for PF, the so-called SAMU DIS-FIT battery, and to present the results obtained by the participants classified according to age, sex, and level of PF (physical fitness). The selection criteria for the tests that would make up the battery were: (i) utility, (ii) psychometric properties, (iii) easiness and diversity, (iv) simplicity of execution, (v) familiarity and motivation, and (vi) economy of resources. A cross-sectional study was designed to assess the PF of 261 individuals with ID. To interpret the results obtained by the participants, each of the quantitative variables of PF was categorized into three levels: lower-fit, mid-fit, and higher-fit. The findings of this study serve as a first step in establishing PF baseline values for individuals with ID.

scholarly journals Prevalence of physical conditions and multimorbidity in a cohort of adults with intellectual disabilities with and without Down syndrome: cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Kinnear ◽  
Jill Morrison ◽  
Linda Allan ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Elita Smiley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of multimorbidity in adults with intellectual disabilities with and without Down syndrome.DesignLarge, population-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe geographical area of one Health Board, Scotland.ParticipantsAll adults (aged 16+ years) known to general practitioners to have intellectual disabilities and adults receiving services provided or paid by intellectual disabilities health or social work services. 1023/1562 potential participants took part (65.5%); 562 (54.9%) men and 461 (45.1%) women, aged 43.9 years (16–83 years). 186 had Down syndrome and 837 did not.Main outcome measuresThe prevalence of International Statistical Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, physical health conditions and multimorbidity detected at a comprehensive health assessment.ResultsThe mean number of physical health conditions/participant was 11.04, and 98.7% had multimorbidity. The most prevalent conditions are painful and/or disabling and, in some cases, life threatening. The five most prevalent were visual impairment, obesity, epilepsy, constipation and ataxic/gait disorders. The pattern of multimorbidity differs from that seen in the general population and is spread across the entire adult life course. The extent of multimorbidity in the adults with Down syndrome was similar to that of the adults without Down syndrome, while the prevalence of individual conditions differed.ConclusionsThis robustly designed study with a large population found an extremely high prevalence of multimorbidity in adults with intellectual disabilities across the entire adult life course. This increases complexity of medical management that secondary healthcare services and medical education are not yet geared towards, as these tend to focus on single conditions. This is in addition to complexity due to limitations in communication and understanding. As the physical conditions within their multimorbidity also differ from that seen in the older general population, urgent attention is needed to develop the care pathways and guidelines that are required to inform and so improve their healthcare.

Are local offices of emergency management prepared for people with disabilities? Results from the FEMA Region 9 Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Robyn R. Gershon, MHS, DrPH ◽  
Michelle A. Muska, EMT, MPH ◽  
Qi Zhi, MPH ◽  
Lewis E. Kraus, MPH, MCP
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sign Language Interpreters ◽  
Personal Assistants ◽  
Management Recommendations

Objective: To assess disaster planning of local Offices of Emergency Management (OEM) with respect to people with disabilities (PWD).Design: A cross-sectional study of local OEM from Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region 9 (N = 61) was conducted using an internet-based survey. The primary outcome was the adoption of emergency management recommendations by the Department of Justice (DOJ) and FEMA in applying Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Results: OEM implementation of ADA requirements was generally suboptimal. While 63 percent reported that plans addressed the needs of PWD, only 41 percent reported detailed operating procedures for PWD. Training of staff to ensure that they were knowledgeable on the ADA requirements for inclusivity was rarely conducted. While accessible shelters and transportation were often identified, accessible communication strategies, including emergency notifications, were often lacking; only 28 percent of OEMs reported availability of sign language interpreters at shelters. Shelters often allowed service animal access (62 percent), but fewer allowed access to personal assistants (39 percent). Engagement of the disability community, from plan development to community drills, was uncommon. While more than half (59 percent) of OEM felt clear about their responsibilities in providing equal access to PWD, only 23 percent reported having qualified staff and other resources necessary in order to meet those responsibilities. Participants cited the need for more training on the ADA requirements in order to better meet the needs of PWD. Conclusion: Strategies for improvement to assure inclusiveness of PWD in all phases of emergency management are needed.

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