Application of functions of several variables with limited variations for piecewise uniform regularization of ill-posed problems

Author(s):  
A. S. LEONOV
Author(s):  
B. Roy Frieden

Despite the skill and determination of electro-optical system designers, the images acquired using their best designs often suffer from blur and noise. The aim of an “image enhancer” such as myself is to improve these poor images, usually by digital means, such that they better resemble the true, “optical object,” input to the system. This problem is notoriously “ill-posed,” i.e. any direct approach at inversion of the image data suffers strongly from the presence of even a small amount of noise in the data. In fact, the fluctuations engendered in neighboring output values tend to be strongly negative-correlated, so that the output spatially oscillates up and down, with large amplitude, about the true object. What can be done about this situation? As we shall see, various concepts taken from statistical communication theory have proven to be of real use in attacking this problem. We offer below a brief summary of these concepts.


1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Martina Kindsmüller ◽  
Andrea Kaindl ◽  
Uwe Schuri ◽  
Alf Zimmer

Topographical Orientation in Patients with Acquired Brain Damage Abstract: A study was conducted to investigate the abilities of topographical orientation in patients with acquired brain damage. The first study investigates the correlation between wayfinding in a hospital setting and various sensory and cognitive deficits as well as the predictability of navigating performance by specific tests, self-rating of orientation ability and rating by staff. The investigation included 35 neuropsychological patients as well as 9 control subjects. Several variables predicted the wayfinding performance reasonably well: memory tests like the one introduced by Muramoto and a subtest of the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test, the Map Reading Test and the rating by hospital staff. Patients with hemianopia experienced significant difficulty in the task.


Author(s):  
Endy Gunanto ◽  
Yenni Kurnia Gusti

In this article we present a conceptual of the effect of cross culture on consumer behavior incorporating the impact of globalization. This conceptual idea shows that culture inûuences various domains of consumer behavior directly as well as through international organization to implement marketing strategy. The conceptual identify several factors such as norm and value in the community, several variables and also depicts the impact of other environmental factors and marketing strategy elements on consumer behavior. We also identify categories of consumer culture orientation resulting from globalization. Highlights of each of the several other articles included in this special issue in Asia region. We conclude with the contributions of the articles in terms of the consumer cultural orientations and identify directions for future research.


Author(s):  
Lindsey C Bohl

This paper examines a few of the numerous factors that may have led to increased youth turnout in 2008 Election. First, theories of voter behavior and turnout are related to courting the youth vote. Several variables that are perceived to affect youth turnout such as party polarization, perceived candidate difference, voter registration, effective campaigning and mobilization, and use of the Internet, are examined. Over the past 40 years, presidential elections have failed to engage the majority of young citizens (ages 18-29) to the point that they became inclined to participate. This trend began to reverse starting in 2000 Election and the youth turnout reached its peak in 2008. While both short and long-term factors played a significant role in recent elections, high turnout among youth voters in 2008 can be largely attributed to the Obama candidacy and campaign, which mobilized young citizens in unprecedented ways.


Author(s):  
Araceli Bonifant ◽  
Misha Lyubich ◽  
Scott Sutherland

John Milnor, best known for his work in differential topology, K-theory, and dynamical systems, is one of only three mathematicians to have won the Fields medal, the Abel prize, and the Wolf prize, and is the only one to have received all three of the Leroy P. Steele prizes. In honor of his eightieth birthday, this book gathers together surveys and papers inspired by Milnor's work, from distinguished experts examining not only holomorphic dynamics in one and several variables, but also differential geometry, entropy theory, and combinatorial group theory. The book contains the last paper written by William Thurston, as well as a short paper by John Milnor himself. Introductory sections put the papers in mathematical and historical perspective, color figures are included, and an index facilitates browsing.


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