Biogeography and conservation of non-volant mammals from the Urucum Mountains: a Chiquitano dry forest ecoregion in western Brazil

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Hannibal ◽  
Mauricio Neves Godoi ◽  
Walfrido Moraes Tomas ◽  
Grasiela Porfirio ◽  
Vanda Lúcia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns

AbstractThe distributional data of mammalian fauna are important to reach a comprehensive overview of biogeographic patterns and to highlight regional conservation status, especially in a poorly known region such as the Chiquitano dry forest in western Brazil. Our aims were to survey the mammal species occurring in the Urucum Mountains, located in the southeast end of the Chiquitano forest, compare its species composition to areas elsewhere in different ecoregions, and discuss their conservation statuses. Small mammals were sampled using pitfall and live traps, and medium and large mammals were sampled by direct observation, indirect evidence (e.g. faeces and tracks), and camera traps. Patterns of species composition were compared to other surrounding areas of different ecoregions in South America using multivariate analyses. The results indicated that both faunas have similar biogeographical influences. The Urucum Mountains have an influence on the faunas from the Cerrado, Chaco and Pantanal ecoregions, and only secondarily from forested ecoregions (e.g. Amazon forest). The Urucum harbours a rich non-volant mammalian fauna with species that are widely and restrictedly distributed. The conservation of Urucum Mountains is important because these mountains harbour threatened plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate (mammals) species, which could be suffering due to the mining activity carried out in the region. We stress that the Chiquitano dry forest is unique to western Brazil, situated in a complex biogeographical region, and harbouring a rich and diversified mammal fauna.

Anthropogenic perturbation modifies interactions between mammals and fruits in a tropical forest of southern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327
Author(s):  
Mayra Zamora-Espinoza ◽  
Juan Carlos López-Acosta ◽  
Eduardo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Field Station ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Studies of tropical mammal defaunation highlight the loss of species as well as their reduction in abundance and diversity; however, there is a complex series of effects associated with this anthropogenic disruption, including increases in the relative abundance of disturbance-tolerant mammals and the arrival of alien mammals whose effects on biotic interactions have been poorly studied. We compared the species richness, composition, interaction strength, and patterns of daily activity of mammals that consume the fruits of Pouteria sapota on the forest floor, both inside and outside of the Los Tuxtlas Field Station (LTFS) in Veracruz, southern Mexico. Using camera traps, we recorded eight mammal species interacting with the fruits inside the LTFS ( trees) and nine species interacting outside ( trees). Alien species such as Canis lupus familiaris were recorded both inside and outside of the LTFS, whereas Bos taurus was only recorded outside. Medium-sized generalist mammals were overrepresented both inside and outside of the LTFS, evidencing an impoverishment of the fauna, when compared to the mammal assemblage reported to interact with P. sapota fruits in a more intact forest. The daily activity patterns of the mammals that interacted strongly with P. sapota fruits were different inside and outside the LTFS, particularly in the case of Cuniculus paca. Our results show that the impact of human activity is highly pervasive, directly affecting the mammalian fauna at different levels and indirectly affecting the biotic interactions in which these animals are involved.

scholarly journals Mammal richness and diversity in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state, central Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Paula Gomes ◽  
Clarisse Rezende Rocha ◽  
Reuber Albuquerque Brandão ◽  
Jader Marinho-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Reservoir Filling

At least 251 mammal species are recorded for the Brazilan cerrado, which, therefore, is the third richest Brazilian biome. Most mammal surveys in Brazilian cerrado result from studies performed opportunistically and in short time periods. The aims of the present study were (1) provide a checklist for the mammalian fauna based on a five-year sampling in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state; (2) compare small non-flying mammals diversity in open and forest areas and (3) compare species diversity before and after the flood caused by a hydroelectric reservoir filling. The data was gathered in 19 sampling periods, from May 2008 to September 2013. We sampled open and forest habitats and captured non-flying small mammals with Sherman and Tomahawk live traps and pitfalls; bats were sampled with mist-nets; large mammals were recorded with camera traps, and by direct observations and track surveys in field. We found 20 species of small non-flying mammals, 10 species of bats and 33 species of larger mammals. Species diversity was greater for forest than open habitats, and was also greater before than after the complete reservoir filling. About 10% of the recorded species are included in the Brazilian official list of threatened species. The total richness represents 25% of all cerrado mammal fauna, highlighting the importance of this area for regional mammal fauna conservation.

scholarly journals Annotated Checklist and Conservation Status of Mammal Species in Sarpang District, Bhutan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-270
Author(s):  
Jigme Tenzin ◽  
Phub Dhendup ◽  
Dago Dorji ◽  
Sangay Nidup ◽  
Phuntsho Thinley
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Total Geographical Area ◽  
Forest Division

Bhutan has a total geographical area of 38,394 Km² located in between the Indo-Malayan and Palearctic region, out of which 51.44% (19750.75 km²) of its total geographical area has been designated as the protected area.  However, none of the districts have a structured baseline checklist of mammal species documented till date. Therefore, Sarpang Forest Division under the Department of Forests and Park Services had carried out five rigorous camera trap surveys including a nationwide tiger survey that covers representable areas of the district from 2014 till 2020. The survey shows that district has 36 mammal species that belong to 18 families under seven orders. Felidae and Cervidae families has the highest species abundance (n = 17%), while, Canidae, Herpestidae, Leporidae, Manidae, Melinae, Muridae, Mustelidae, Tupaiidae, Proboscidae, Pteromyidae, Suidae and Ursidae were the lowest (n = 3%). Above all, Sarpang homed 29.90% of total mammal species of Bhutan, out of which 3% of mammal species were categorized under Critically Endangered, 14% Endangered, 14% Vulnerable, 22% Near Threatened, and 47% Least Concern as per IUCN Red List. However, only 20 mammal species are listed under CITES and nine in Schedule I of Forest and Nature Conservation Act of Bhutan, 1995. Therefore, landscape-based planning such as the Division-based Conservation & Management plan; periodic monitoring of wildlife species using camera traps, and validation of Schedule I species are suggested for long-term conservation and management of globally threatened species inside the landscape of Sarpang district in Bhutan. 

scholarly journals New populations of pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus discovered in threatened Amazonian savannah enclaves

Oryx ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Rocha ◽  
Alexandre Vogliotti ◽  
Diogo M. Gräbin ◽  
Wilhan R. C. Assunção ◽  
Bruno Contursi Cambraia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Ozotoceros Bezoarticus ◽  
Extant Population ◽  
Historical Range

AbstractThe savannah enclaves (i.e. patches) in the southern Brazilian Amazonia are among the most threatened and poorly surveyed sites in Amazonia. As part of an extensive mammal survey, we set camera traps in three of these savannah enclaves. We obtained 23 independent records of pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus, a medium sized Neotropical cervid that is strongly associated with open habitats and categorized as Vulnerable on the Brazilian Red List of threatened species. These savannah enclaves with confirmed populations of pampas deer lie outside the species’ previously presumed historical range and are at least 350 km from any known extant population. Together, these savannah enclaves add c. 4,000 km2 to the pampas deer's currently known range. The small pampas deer populations in these enclaves are probably isolated by a matrix of Amazon forest, raising questions about spatial genetic structure and meta-population dynamics, and making them vulnerable to local extinction. We highlight the need for further studies, particularly genetic, to assess the conservation status of these populations, the results of which could potentially inform management decisions in other areas of the heavily fragmented range of this species.

scholarly journals Terrestrial mammal community richness and temporal overlap between tigers and other carnivores in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
M. L. Allen ◽  
M. C. Sibarani ◽  
L. Utoyo ◽  
M. Krofel
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Mammal ◽  
Cuon Alpinus ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Rapid and widespread biodiversity losses around the world make it important to survey and monitor endangered species, especially in biodiversity hotspots. Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) is one of the largest conserved areas on the island of Sumatra, and is important for the conservation of many threatened species. Sumatran tigers (Panthera tigris sumatrae) are critically endangered and serve as an umbrella species for conservation, but may also affect the activity and distribution of other carnivores. We deployed camera traps for 8 years in an area of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) with little human activity to document the local terrestrial mammal community and investigate tiger spatial and temporal overlap with other carnivore species. We detected 39 mammal species including Sumatran tiger and several other threatened mammals. Annual species richness averaged 21.5 (range 19–24) mammals, and remained stable over time. The mammal order significantly affected annual detection of species and the number of cameras where a species was detected, while species conservation status did not. Tigers exhibited a diurnal activity pattern, and had the highest temporal overlap with marbled cats (Pardofelis marmorata), dholes (Cuon alpinus), and Malayan sun bears (Helarctos malayanus), but little overlap with other carnivores. These findings suggest that some smaller carnivores might be adjusting temporal activity to avoid tigers or mesocarnivores. The stable trends in richness of terrestrial mammal species show that BBSNP remains an important hotspot for the conservation of biodiversity.

scholarly journals Distributional patterns and conservation status of mammals of Swaziland, southern Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Monadjem
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Lycaon Pictus ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Savanna Vegetation ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Effective Conservation

Distributional patterns (mapped at the quarter-degree square scale) of species richness of 121 species of mammals recorded from Swaziland were examined in relation to the distribution of protected areas (reserves), privately-owned ranches and six vegetation types. The richness of mammal species was highest in the NE and NW, and lowest in the SW areas of Swaziland. Total mammal species richness was positively and highly significantly correlated with the presence of reserves. Similar patterns were shown by artiodactyls, rodents and carnivores. Total mammal species richness, as well as for most mammalian orders, was positively correlated with moist grassveld and moist savanna vegetation types but negatively correlated with dry grassveld. Mammal species richness, especially for the larger species, was very low on Swazi Nation Land, which covers about 60 of the country. The mammalian fauna of the high-lying areas (Highveld) was distinct from that of the low-lying areas (Lowveld). The Middleveld region supported elements of both Highveld and Lowveld species. A large proportion (87.6 ) of Swaziland's mammal species have been recorded from reserves. Two species {Alcelaphus lichtensteini and Lycaon pictus) no longer occur in Swaziland. For effective conservation of Swaziland's mammals, the issue of how to maintain viable populations on Swazi Nation Land will have to be addressed.

Rapid assessment of nonvolant mammals in seven sites in the northern State of Pará, Brazil: a forgotten part of the Guiana Region

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Vieira Rossi ◽  
Cleuton Lima Miranda ◽  
Thiago Borges Fernandes Semedo
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Negro River ◽  
The North ◽  
Direct Observations

AbstractThe Guiana Center of Endemism (GCE) extends across Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, north of the Amazon River and east of the Negro River in Brazil, and Venezuela to the south of the Orinoco River. Regarding diversity of nonvolant mammals, the Brazilian part of this center is less studied, especially the area corresponding to the north of the State of Pará. Seven field trips lasting 12–15 days each were conducted in five conservation units in northern Pará, in order to assess the nonvolant mammalian fauna. Small mammals were captured using conventional and pitfall traps. Medium-sized and large mammals were recorded through direct observations on diurnal transect censuses, collections, camera traps, indirect evidence, and in some cases, interviews. We recorded 60 species distributed in nine orders. Among other contributions, a recently described species of

scholarly journals MAMÍFEROS DE AGUASCALIENTES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mariana Chávez-Andrade ◽  
Jaime Luévano-Esparza ◽  
Gustavo E. Quintero-Díaz ◽  
Horacio V. Bárcenas ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Endangered Species Act ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Taxidea Taxus ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
American Badger ◽  
Leptonycteris Nivalis

RESUMENEl estado de Aguascalientes es uno de los más pequeños de la república, y ocupa el lugar 29 por su extensión territorial. Dada su superficie territorial, su diversidad de mamíferos es una de las menores entre los estados del país. Aguascalientes no cuenta con una lista actualizada. Aquí reportamos 86 especies de mamíferos. El orden con mayor número de especies es Rodentia, seguido por el Chiroptera; ambos incluyen el 71% de la mastofauna del estado. No hay especies endémicas al estado, pero dos especies de murciélagos, seis de roedores y un carnívoro son endémicas de México. Según la norma oficial mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) de especies en riesgo de extinción, la musaraña (Notiosorex crawfordi), el tejon (Taxidea taxus) y tres murciélagos (Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris nivalis y L. yerbabuenae) se encuentran en la categoría de Amenazada (A) y Leopardus pardalis (ocelote) está en Peligro de extinción (P). Palabras clave: Mamíferos, Aguascalientes, Estado de conservación.ABSTRACTThe state of Aguascalientes is very small in size and has a relatively small mammalian fauna diversity. There is not an updated checklist of the mammal fauna of the state, so here we reported 86 species; the orders Rodentia and Chiroptera are the most diverse and together comprised 71% of the mammal species. There are no endemic species in Aguascalientes, but two bat species and six rodents are endemic to Mexico. According to the Mexican endangered species act (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010), the dessert shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi), the American badger (Taxidea taxus), and three species (Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris nivalis and L. yerbabuenae, are listed as threatened species, and the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) as endangered. Key words: Mammals, Aguascalientes, Conservation status.

scholarly journals A camera trapping survey of mammals in the mixed landscape of Bolivia’s Chiquitano region with a special focus on the Jaguar

Check List ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-335
Author(s):  
Martin Jansen ◽  
Marc Engler ◽  
Luka Moritz Blumer ◽  
Damián I. Rumiz ◽  
José Luis Aramayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Apex Predators ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
A Site

At a site in the Bolivian Chiquitano region composed by a mosaic of pastureland and primary Chiquitano Dry Forest (CDF) we conducted a camera-trapping study to (1) survey the mammals, and (2) compare individual Jaguar numbers with other Chiquitano sites. Therefore, we installed 13 camera stations (450 ha polygon) over a period of six months. On 1,762 camera-days and in 1,654 independent capture events, we recorded 24 mammalian species that represent the native fauna of large and medium-sized mammals including apex-predators (Puma, Jaguar), meso-carnivores (Ocelot, Jaguarundi, Margay), and large herbivores (Tapir, Collared and White lipped Peccary). We identified six adult Jaguars and found indications of successful reproductive activity. Captures of Jaguars were higher in CDF than in altered habitats. In summary, we believe that (1) the mammal species richness, (2) the high capture numbers of indicator species, and (3) the high capture numbers of Jaguar indicate that our study area has a good conservation status. Future efforts should be undertaken to keep this, and monitoring programs in this region are necessary to further evaluate the potential importance of the Chiquitano region as a possible key region for mammals, especially Jaguars, in South America.

scholarly journals A study on diversity of mammalian species using camera traps and associated vegetation in Mizoram University Campus, Aizawl, Mizoram

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 17330-17339
Author(s):  
J.H. Zothanpuii ◽  
Sushanto Gouda ◽  
Abinash Parida ◽  
G.S. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Important Extension ◽  
Fragmented Forests

Fragmented forests often have conservation value, serving as a refuge or corridors for small mammalian species.  In the study, the diversity of mammals was studied within Mizoram University (MZU) campus.  Forty-eight plant species from 25 families were recorded on different sites.  Thirty quadrates were nested at the locations of occurrence of mammalian species for vegetation type analysis.  Schima wallichi was the most dominant plant species with the highest IVI values of (31.7%), followed by Aporosa octandra (22.93%) and Castanopsis tribuloide (21.17%).  Camera trap method was used to collect information about the mammalian diversity in the campus.  The mammalian species recorded in this study makes 15% of mammalian fauna of the state of Mizoram.  Twelve mammal species and six bird species were recorded by the camera traps.  With proper awareness among residents of the campus and a planned approach for developmental activities, the findings of our study can make an important extension for the coexistence of mammalian species and long term survivability within MZU campus.

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