scholarly journals A study on diversity of mammalian species using camera traps and associated vegetation in Mizoram University Campus, Aizawl, Mizoram

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 17330-17339
Author(s):  
J.H. Zothanpuii ◽  
Sushanto Gouda ◽  
Abinash Parida ◽  
G.S. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Important Extension ◽  
Fragmented Forests

Fragmented forests often have conservation value, serving as a refuge or corridors for small mammalian species.  In the study, the diversity of mammals was studied within Mizoram University (MZU) campus.  Forty-eight plant species from 25 families were recorded on different sites.  Thirty quadrates were nested at the locations of occurrence of mammalian species for vegetation type analysis.  Schima wallichi was the most dominant plant species with the highest IVI values of (31.7%), followed by Aporosa octandra (22.93%) and Castanopsis tribuloide (21.17%).  Camera trap method was used to collect information about the mammalian diversity in the campus.  The mammalian species recorded in this study makes 15% of mammalian fauna of the state of Mizoram.  Twelve mammal species and six bird species were recorded by the camera traps.  With proper awareness among residents of the campus and a planned approach for developmental activities, the findings of our study can make an important extension for the coexistence of mammalian species and long term survivability within MZU campus.

Anthropogenic perturbation modifies interactions between mammals and fruits in a tropical forest of southern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327
Author(s):  
Mayra Zamora-Espinoza ◽  
Juan Carlos López-Acosta ◽  
Eduardo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Field Station ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Studies of tropical mammal defaunation highlight the loss of species as well as their reduction in abundance and diversity; however, there is a complex series of effects associated with this anthropogenic disruption, including increases in the relative abundance of disturbance-tolerant mammals and the arrival of alien mammals whose effects on biotic interactions have been poorly studied. We compared the species richness, composition, interaction strength, and patterns of daily activity of mammals that consume the fruits of Pouteria sapota on the forest floor, both inside and outside of the Los Tuxtlas Field Station (LTFS) in Veracruz, southern Mexico. Using camera traps, we recorded eight mammal species interacting with the fruits inside the LTFS ( trees) and nine species interacting outside ( trees). Alien species such as Canis lupus familiaris were recorded both inside and outside of the LTFS, whereas Bos taurus was only recorded outside. Medium-sized generalist mammals were overrepresented both inside and outside of the LTFS, evidencing an impoverishment of the fauna, when compared to the mammal assemblage reported to interact with P. sapota fruits in a more intact forest. The daily activity patterns of the mammals that interacted strongly with P. sapota fruits were different inside and outside the LTFS, particularly in the case of Cuniculus paca. Our results show that the impact of human activity is highly pervasive, directly affecting the mammalian fauna at different levels and indirectly affecting the biotic interactions in which these animals are involved.

11. Humans and mammals: the past and the future

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
T. S. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Huge Impact

From the very start of the spread of humans, the world’s mammals have been irreversibly, and mostly detrimentally, affected through direct exploitation for food and for skins to make clothes and shelter. Our domestication of certain mammal species has also had a huge impact on the rest of the world’s mammalian fauna, and indeed on its whole biota. ‘Humans and mammals: the past and the future’ considers how human activity has caused the latest megafaunal extinction and looks at the future crisis facing many mammalian species. A quarter of mammalian species are, today, faced with severe population decreases that may result in extinction. What can be done to conserve them?

scholarly journals Mammal richness and diversity in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state, central Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Paula Gomes ◽  
Clarisse Rezende Rocha ◽  
Reuber Albuquerque Brandão ◽  
Jader Marinho-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Reservoir Filling

At least 251 mammal species are recorded for the Brazilan cerrado, which, therefore, is the third richest Brazilian biome. Most mammal surveys in Brazilian cerrado result from studies performed opportunistically and in short time periods. The aims of the present study were (1) provide a checklist for the mammalian fauna based on a five-year sampling in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state; (2) compare small non-flying mammals diversity in open and forest areas and (3) compare species diversity before and after the flood caused by a hydroelectric reservoir filling. The data was gathered in 19 sampling periods, from May 2008 to September 2013. We sampled open and forest habitats and captured non-flying small mammals with Sherman and Tomahawk live traps and pitfalls; bats were sampled with mist-nets; large mammals were recorded with camera traps, and by direct observations and track surveys in field. We found 20 species of small non-flying mammals, 10 species of bats and 33 species of larger mammals. Species diversity was greater for forest than open habitats, and was also greater before than after the complete reservoir filling. About 10% of the recorded species are included in the Brazilian official list of threatened species. The total richness represents 25% of all cerrado mammal fauna, highlighting the importance of this area for regional mammal fauna conservation.

scholarly journals Non-protected areas demanding equitable conservation strategies as of protected areas in the Central Himalayan region

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255082
Author(s):  
Avantika Thapa ◽  
Pujan Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Bheem Dutt Joshi ◽  
Tanoy Mukherjee ◽  
Mukesh Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla

The present study aims to explore the mammalian diversity of Darjeeling district using camera traps along with questionnaire survey in protected area (PA) and non- protected area (Non-PA). We also attempted to understand the influence of habitat variables on mammalian species richness using the generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). A total of 30 mammal species were recorded of which 21 species were detected through camera trapping with the most abundant records of barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) and least of the elusive Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens). Additionally, melanistic forms of four mammals were also recorded. The mammalian species richness, their capture rate and naïve occupancy did not differ significantly among the PA and Non-PA. The GLMM revealed that the proportions of oak and bamboo in the forest, percentage canopy cover and camera trap operational days (wAICc = 0.145, wBIC = 0.603) were significant predictors of species richness in the study. We suggest Non-PA forest of Darjeeling should be given equal conservation importance as to the PA. Landscape based conservation planning will be imperative for achieving long term conservation goals in the study area.

scholarly journals Wildlife inventory from camera-trapping surveys in the Azores (Pico and Terceira islands)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Lamelas-Lopez ◽  
Xose Pardavila ◽  
Isabel Amorim ◽  
Paulo Borges
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Cory’S Shearwater ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
The Impact

The present publication provides a dataset from five camera-trapping sampling campaigns on two islands of the Azorean archipelago (Pico and Terceira islands), between 2013-2018. This dataset was obtained as a by-product of campaigns designed for different purposes. The sampling campaigns were designed to: (i) study the ecology of introduced mammals; (ii) assess the impact of introduced mammals on native birds (Azores woodpigeon - Columba palumbus azorica and Cory's shearwater - Calonectris diomeda borealis), through nest predation; and (iii) obtain information about the impact of vertebrates on agricultural systems, particularly on Azorean traditional vineyards. A total of 258 sites and 47 nests were sampled using camera traps. These sampling campaigns provided a large data series that allowed the creation of a vertebrate wildlife inventory. We obtained a total of 102,095 camera-trap records, which allowed us to to identify 30 species of vertebrates: one amphibian, one reptile, 17 birds and ten mammal species. This represented 100% of the amphibians and terrestrial mammals, 58% of the breeding birds and 50% of the reptile species known for Pico and/or Terceira islands. Concerning the colonisation status of the species, we recorded 15 indigenous (native non-endemic or endemic) and three introduced bird species; all known terrestrial amphibians, reptiles and mammals in the Azores are introduced species. The data collected contribute to increasing knowledge on the distribution of vertebrate species on Pico and Terceira islands, where most existing records of some species were only available to Island level (e.g. mustelids and hedgehogs). None of the identified species was previously unknown to the study area.

scholarly journals Medium-sized mammals in peri-urban environments in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Denise Tedesco ◽  
Douglas Machado da Silva ◽  
Noeli Zanella
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Visual Searches

Anthropic effects on natural environments caused by urban expansion or agriculture have been identified as one of the causes for the decline in species richness. In southern Brazil, the urbanization process affects the local fauna and reduces the diversity of mammalian species. This study was conducted from 2012 to 2015 with the objective of gathering information on mammalian species in a peri-urban area. Data was collected four consecutive days each month for 42 months using sand plots and visual searches. Occasional encounters and camera traps complemented were used to complement the data. We recorded 15 mammal species belonging to 10 families. The species with the highest abundance, taking into account all the applied methods, were Didelphis albiventris, Mazama gouazoubira and Cerdocyon thous. Four species were listed as endangered (Puma yagouaroundi, Leopardus guttulus, Nasua nasua, and Dasyprocta azarae). 

Avifaunal and habitat changes resulting from conversion of native prairie to crested wheat grass: patterns at songbird community and species levels

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
G C Sutter ◽  
R M Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity

Many North American grassland songbirds are experiencing significant population declines, partly because of land-use practices associated with agricultural activity. The aim of this study was to compare the habitat correlates of songbirds breeding in native mixed-grass prairie with patterns found in introduced vegetation dominated by crested wheat grass (Agropyron pectiniforme). We assessed plant species composition, habitat structure, and bird species diversity over 2 years to document species- and community-level trends in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. In addition to having higher plant species richness and diversity, native vegetation consisted of significantly more grass and sedge cover, less bare ground, deeper litter, and higher density within 10 cm of the ground than introduced vegetation. Bird species richness and diversity and the abundance of Baird's Sparrows (Ammodramus bairdii) and Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) increased significantly along a multivariate gradient from open to more sheltered habitat, regardless of vegetation type. Sprague's Pipits (Anthus spragueii) showed a curvilinear increase along the same gradient, occurring in high numbers where habitats offered an intermediate level of cover. Our findings suggest that species richness and diversity within songbird communities and the abundance of some species may be reduced where conversion to crested wheat grass results in more open habitat.

Biogeography and conservation of non-volant mammals from the Urucum Mountains: a Chiquitano dry forest ecoregion in western Brazil

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Hannibal ◽  
Mauricio Neves Godoi ◽  
Walfrido Moraes Tomas ◽  
Grasiela Porfirio ◽  
Vanda Lúcia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns

AbstractThe distributional data of mammalian fauna are important to reach a comprehensive overview of biogeographic patterns and to highlight regional conservation status, especially in a poorly known region such as the Chiquitano dry forest in western Brazil. Our aims were to survey the mammal species occurring in the Urucum Mountains, located in the southeast end of the Chiquitano forest, compare its species composition to areas elsewhere in different ecoregions, and discuss their conservation statuses. Small mammals were sampled using pitfall and live traps, and medium and large mammals were sampled by direct observation, indirect evidence (e.g. faeces and tracks), and camera traps. Patterns of species composition were compared to other surrounding areas of different ecoregions in South America using multivariate analyses. The results indicated that both faunas have similar biogeographical influences. The Urucum Mountains have an influence on the faunas from the Cerrado, Chaco and Pantanal ecoregions, and only secondarily from forested ecoregions (e.g. Amazon forest). The Urucum harbours a rich non-volant mammalian fauna with species that are widely and restrictedly distributed. The conservation of Urucum Mountains is important because these mountains harbour threatened plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate (mammals) species, which could be suffering due to the mining activity carried out in the region. We stress that the Chiquitano dry forest is unique to western Brazil, situated in a complex biogeographical region, and harbouring a rich and diversified mammal fauna.

Ethnobiological knowledge and socio-biodiversity value among Kutia-Kandha tribe of Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajan S K
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Medicinal Purpose ◽  
Therapeutic Purpose ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Alternate Source

A study on the socio-biodiversity was conducted in Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS) and nearby areas of Odisha, where the population of Kutia-Kandha tribe is dominant. It was found that, forest has provided tribes with enough materials traditional used for therapeutic purpose. Information from secondary sources by interviews were conducted in eight villages surrounding Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary, in which 34 males, 22 females in the age group of 35 -75 and 8 therapeutic practitioners of Kutia-Kandha tribe of Odisha were consulted. The tribes reported 54 different diseases, cured from 52 plant species belonging to 51 genera and 32 families, which are used for ethnomedicinal practices. The Fabaceae found to be the dominant family among plants used for medicinal purpose, whereas for ethnozoological use, a total of 8 mammalian species were used for curing 17 different diseases, most of them are either threatened or endangered species. This paper narrates the enthnobiology and socio-biodiversity aspects of Kutia-Kandha community of Odisha, along with suggestions for alternate source of medicines for the Kutia-Kandha, to reduce dependency on forest produce and reduce hunting of wildlife.

Does the invasion of Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra in parkland influence the diversity of birds?

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Grzędzicka ◽  
Katarzyna Kowalik ◽  
Barbara Bacler-Żbikowska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant

AbstractInvasive plants are non-native, but in most cases naturalised, species that have successfully spread outside of their native range. Aliens invaded all habitats, are competing with native plants, thus, after the direct destruction of habitats, invasions are recognised as the second largest danger for biodiversity. Northern Red Oak is one of the most common invasive tree species dispersed primarily by birds, but new studies have shown that it is also spread continuously in a forest stand. The main aim of our research was to check how strong is the invasion of Northern Red Oak in Silesia Park, where it was introduced together with other alien plant species, and how this invasion interacts with bird diversity. Silesia Park was created 65 years ago on the surface largely ravaged by coal industry. Because many studies indicate birds as vectors of alien plants invasion, we examined the bird fauna in a described area, looking for species that can contribute to spreading oaks. Research showed the diversity of 50 bird species. Surface with a presence of Northern Red Oak was characterised by greater participation of alien plant species than the patch of natural forest, which existed there long before the park creation. The greatest bird diversity was found in the most natural part of Silesia Park, and the lowest in the area of invasion, especially in the case of species classified as “forest birds”. The presence of alien plants increased number of “non-forest” birds, mostly synanthropic species. We also found that Northern Red Oak spreads by spontaneous seed dispersal.

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