Rapid assessment of nonvolant mammals in seven sites in the northern State of Pará, Brazil: a forgotten part of the Guiana Region

AbstractThe Guiana Center of Endemism (GCE) extends across Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, north of the Amazon River and east of the Negro River in Brazil, and Venezuela to the south of the Orinoco River. Regarding diversity of nonvolant mammals, the Brazilian part of this center is less studied, especially the area corresponding to the north of the State of Pará. Seven field trips lasting 12–15 days each were conducted in five conservation units in northern Pará, in order to assess the nonvolant mammalian fauna. Small mammals were captured using conventional and pitfall traps. Medium-sized and large mammals were recorded through direct observations on diurnal transect censuses, collections, camera traps, indirect evidence, and in some cases, interviews. We recorded 60 species distributed in nine orders. Among other contributions, a recently described species of

Download Full-text

Abundance and composition of the medium to large-sized mammals in a private area of a REDD+ project in Acre, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2017-0487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

André Luis Moura Botelho ◽

Luiz Henrique Medeiros Borges ◽

Brian McFarland

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Rare Species ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Conservation Areas ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Key Species ◽

Tapirus Terrestris

Abstract: The implementation of private areas focused on conservation of species and habitats, combined with REDD+ policies, has become an important ally for biodiversity conservation, expanding the conservation areas of the most varied habitats, covering key groups such as large mammals, which are extremely important for the maintenance of ecosystem services. In the upper region of the Purus River in Acre, Brazil, an inventory was carried out using camera-traps, of medium and large mammals community in a private REDD+ area, known as the Purus Project. A total of 19 species of mammals were recorded with an effort of 1859 trap-nigths, including rare, endangered and key species. It is estimated that the richness for the area is of 22 species. Endangered and rare species such as the tapir (Tapirus terrestris) and the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis) presented high rates of relative abundance compared to other Conservation Units (UCs). The richness of medium to large-sized mammals recorded in the Purus Project underscores the importance of REDD+ in private areas for the conservation of this group, given the challenges for inclusion and creation of new protected areas. REDD+ projects in privates' areas become an important component for conservation of species and the connection between public conservation units favoring the spread of species and populations between areas, and consequently the gene flow.

Download Full-text

Mammal richness and diversity in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state, central Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2015-0033 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Leonardo de Paula Gomes ◽

Clarisse Rezende Rocha ◽

Reuber Albuquerque Brandão ◽

Jader Marinho-Filho

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Mammalian Fauna ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Central Brazil ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Mammal Fauna ◽

Before And After ◽

Short Time ◽

Reservoir Filling

At least 251 mammal species are recorded for the Brazilan cerrado, which, therefore, is the third richest Brazilian biome. Most mammal surveys in Brazilian cerrado result from studies performed opportunistically and in short time periods. The aims of the present study were (1) provide a checklist for the mammalian fauna based on a five-year sampling in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state; (2) compare small non-flying mammals diversity in open and forest areas and (3) compare species diversity before and after the flood caused by a hydroelectric reservoir filling. The data was gathered in 19 sampling periods, from May 2008 to September 2013. We sampled open and forest habitats and captured non-flying small mammals with Sherman and Tomahawk live traps and pitfalls; bats were sampled with mist-nets; large mammals were recorded with camera traps, and by direct observations and track surveys in field. We found 20 species of small non-flying mammals, 10 species of bats and 33 species of larger mammals. Species diversity was greater for forest than open habitats, and was also greater before than after the complete reservoir filling. About 10% of the recorded species are included in the Brazilian official list of threatened species. The total richness represents 25% of all cerrado mammal fauna, highlighting the importance of this area for regional mammal fauna conservation.

Download Full-text

Mammal inventories in Seasonal Neotropical Forests: traditional approaches still compensate drawbacks of modern technologies

Iheringia Série Zoologia ◽

10.1590/1678-4766e2016005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

William D. Carvalho ◽

Luís M. Rosalino ◽

Cristina H. Adania ◽

Carlos E. L. Esbérard

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Individual Identification ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Study Objective ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Line Transects

ABSTRACT Variation in body size, behavior, feeding habits and habitat use patterns in medium- and large-sized mammals influence the adequacy of sampling methods to register presence and abundance. Moreover, even if methods are similarly adequate, different methodologies result in distinct cost-efficiency relationships (i.e. some may have reduced costs, be less time-consuming and/or require less-skilled technicians). Focusing on three different sampling methods commonly used to monitor medium and large mammals in seasonal tropical forests, we compared the species richness detected by each method and quantified their cost-efficiencies: (1) camera traps; (2) line transects for direct observations of animals; and (3) line transects seeking tracks/footprints. We simultaneously monitored medium and large mammals along five trails between July and August 2009 and January and February 2010, in the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, São Paulo, Brazil. Data from two distinct seasons demonstrated that significantly higher species richness was achieved by using signs of presence and direct observations detected in transects. Camera traps recorded the fewest species, but represented the lowest cost per species. Direct observations and searches for tracks/footprints required a greater number of field technicians (with more skill and experience) to record the focal species and therefore have a higher cost, but allowed twice as many species to be recorded compared to camera traps. The choice of sampling methodology depends on the study objective, mammal species targeted and/or amount of resources available. We advocate use of camera traps for long-term studies and in conjunction with the other two methods to improve identification accuracy, allow individual identification and permit more accurate abundance estimates.

Download Full-text

Medium-sized and large mammals of the Floresta da Cicuta Area of Relevant Ecological Interest, a protected area in southeastern Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/17.5.1421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 1421-1436

Author(s):

Sandro Leonardo Alves ◽

Jeferson de Paula Miranda ◽

Paulo Sérgio do Nascimento Furtado ◽

Fúlvia Cristiny Tereza Nelis ◽

Hugo Leonardo Domingues de Paula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Semideciduous Forest ◽

Domestic Species ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Forest Remnants ◽

Chrysocyon Brachyurus

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most biodiverse biomes in the world and has been severely degraded and fragmented, with the extirpation of most medium-sized and large vertebrates from the forest remnants. Here we present the results of a survey of medium-sized and large mammals in an area of protected seasonal semideciduous forest, the Floresta da Cicuta Area of Relevant Ecological Interest (ARIE-FC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, part the Atlantic Forest biome. We used camera traps (2,257 camera days) and direct observations over a 23-month period. We recorded 19 species (including two domestic species), seven of which are classified as at-risk, such as Leopardus guttulus (Hensel, 1872), Sylvilagus tapetillus Thomas, 1913, Alouatta clamitans Cabrera, 1940, and Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815). A diverse terrestrial mammal assemblage in the ARIE-FC reinforces the importance of small forest fragments for the conservation of biodiversity in human-modified landscapes of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Download Full-text

Biogeography and conservation of non-volant mammals from the Urucum Mountains: a Chiquitano dry forest ecoregion in western Brazil

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2015-0052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wellington Hannibal ◽

Mauricio Neves Godoi ◽

Walfrido Moraes Tomas ◽

Grasiela Porfirio ◽

Vanda Lúcia Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Indirect Evidence ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Amazon Forest ◽

Mammalian Fauna ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Biogeographic Patterns

AbstractThe distributional data of mammalian fauna are important to reach a comprehensive overview of biogeographic patterns and to highlight regional conservation status, especially in a poorly known region such as the Chiquitano dry forest in western Brazil. Our aims were to survey the mammal species occurring in the Urucum Mountains, located in the southeast end of the Chiquitano forest, compare its species composition to areas elsewhere in different ecoregions, and discuss their conservation statuses. Small mammals were sampled using pitfall and live traps, and medium and large mammals were sampled by direct observation, indirect evidence (e.g. faeces and tracks), and camera traps. Patterns of species composition were compared to other surrounding areas of different ecoregions in South America using multivariate analyses. The results indicated that both faunas have similar biogeographical influences. The Urucum Mountains have an influence on the faunas from the Cerrado, Chaco and Pantanal ecoregions, and only secondarily from forested ecoregions (e.g. Amazon forest). The Urucum harbours a rich non-volant mammalian fauna with species that are widely and restrictedly distributed. The conservation of Urucum Mountains is important because these mountains harbour threatened plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate (mammals) species, which could be suffering due to the mining activity carried out in the region. We stress that the Chiquitano dry forest is unique to western Brazil, situated in a complex biogeographical region, and harbouring a rich and diversified mammal fauna.

Download Full-text

Genome-wide SNPs redefines species boundaries and conservation units in the freshwater mussel genus Cyprogenia of North America

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90325-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kyung Seok Kim ◽

Kevin J. Roe

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Freshwater Mussel ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Genetic Structuring ◽

The North ◽

Snp Data ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractDetailed information on species delineation and population genetic structure is a prerequisite for designing effective restoration and conservation strategies for imperiled organisms. Phylogenomic and population genomic analyses based on genome-wide double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq) data has identified three allopatric lineages in the North American freshwater mussel genus Cyprogenia. Cyprogenia stegaria is restricted to the Eastern Highlands and displays little genetic structuring within this region. However, two allopatric lineages of C. aberti in the Ozark and Ouachita highlands exhibit substantial levels (mean uncorrected FST = 0.368) of genetic differentiation and each warrants recognition as a distinct evolutionary lineage. Lineages of Cyprogenia in the Ouachita and Ozark highlands are further subdivided reflecting structuring at the level of river systems. Species tree inference and species delimitation in a Bayesian framework using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) data supported results from phylogenetic analyses, and supports three species of Cyprogenia over the currently recognized two species. A comparison of SNPs generated from both destructively and non-destructively collected samples revealed no significant difference in the SNP error rate, quality and amount of ddRAD sequence reads, indicating that nondestructive or trace samples can be effectively utilized to generate SNP data for organisms for which destructive sampling is not permitted.

Download Full-text

Direct observations of basin-wide acidification of the North Pacific Ocean

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2009gl040999 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 162

Author(s):

Robert H. Byrne ◽

Sabine Mecking ◽

Richard A. Feely ◽

Xuewu Liu

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

North Pacific ◽

North Pacific Ocean ◽

The North ◽

Direct Observations ◽

The North Pacific

Download Full-text

Medium and large-sized mammals of the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú, Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-06032014007414 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Israel Dias de Carvalho ◽

Rildo de Oliveira ◽

Alexandra dos Santos Pires

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Terrestrial Mammals ◽

Mammal Conservation ◽

Pecari Tajacu ◽

Local Extinctions ◽

Global Threat ◽

Janeiro State

Medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals develop important functions in ecosystems maintenance. However, this group is the most vulnerable to local extinctions, through habitat loss or hunting. This study inventoried the community of medium and large mammals in the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú (REGUA), Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ, providing data on species composition, richness and abundance. Species were registered through the use of camera traps, sign survey and visual encounters on pre-existing trails and roads. The study was conducted from January to October 2012, with each month considered as a sample unit. An effort of 1568 cameras-day and 120 km traveled, resulted on 302 records of 22 species of medium and large-sized mammals, belonging to eight orders. This value corresponds to more than three-quarters of the richness described from this group in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro state. Five species are under some level of regional, national or global threat. Three game species, Pecari tajacu, Cuniculus paca and Dasyprocta leporina were abundant in the area. The observed richness was comparable to that found in other studies conducted in rain forests. Thus, for its high number of species, including those under some degree of threat, we conclude that REGUA is an important area to mammal conservation, especially in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro state.

Download Full-text

Application of ecological indicators in coastal watershed under high pressure during summer period

RBRH ◽

10.1590/2318-0331.011615106 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 537-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Aichely Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Alessandra Larissa D’ Oliveira Fonseca ◽

Claudinei José Rodrigues ◽

Ângela da Veiga Beltrame

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Rapid Assessment ◽

Population Increase ◽

Summer Period ◽

Coastal Watershed ◽

Assessment Protocol ◽

The North ◽

Trophic Index ◽

Median Area

ABSTRACT Water bodies located in coastal areas are subject to human pressures and the loss of environmental quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental quality of the river Papaquara through water quality and river landscape, using the Trophic Index (TRIX) and Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP). The study was developed in the watershed located in the north of the island of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, whose population increase in the summer is around 280%. The Trophic Index and the Rapid Assessment Protocol were evaluated in the pre-summer period, summer and after-summer in seven sample points along the inner areas (higher population density), median and outside the Papaquara river, plus two points in affluent. The river Papaquara showed up in great stress state, is classified as eutrophic, 77% of the samples and changed in 50% of the sampled area, as the TRIX index and RAP, respectively. The internal area registered up eutrophic and impacted in all periods analyzed. The median area and the outer decreased their water quality, due to summer activity, while there was no change in environmental quality by RAP. A significant correlation between the indices used indicated that the RAP should be used with caution to describe the condition of water quality. This analysis has submitted be more appropriate when used in river scale as a whole, but not isolated segments.

Download Full-text

Use of summer habitat by caribou on the north slope of a mountain near the Macmillan Pass, N.W.T.

Rangifer ◽

10.7557/2.16.4.1271 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 311 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James F. Quayle ◽

G. Peter Kershaw

Keyword(s):

Habitat Type ◽

Indirect Evidence ◽

High Elevation ◽

North Slope ◽

Habitat Types ◽

The North ◽

Feeding Cycle ◽

Alpine Habitats ◽

Pellet Density ◽

Insect Harassment

Habitat use by woodland caribou was investigated by counting pellet-groups, sampling phytomass, and evaluating topography in nine habitat-types on the north slope of an unnamed mountain near Macmillan Pass, N.W.T. Caribou pellets were most abundant in high elevation habitat-types, and pellet density was greatest in an alpine Lichen-Grass habitat-type with a slope of <1°. The high density of pellets in alpine areas may have resulted from of the use of cool, windy, alpine habitats by caribou seeking relief from insect harassment. There were no apparent relationships between pellet abundance, and phytomass of mosses, lichens, or graminoids, possibly as a result of caribou feeding and defecating in different habitats. The occurrence of pellets with a coalesced morphology in the barren Lichen-Grass habitat-type provided indirect evidence in support of a feeding cycle, whereby caribou visit lush habitats to feed, and return to open, alpine habitats to rest and ruminate.

Download Full-text