scholarly journals Distributional patterns and conservation status of mammals of Swaziland, southern Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Monadjem
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Lycaon Pictus ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Savanna Vegetation ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Effective Conservation

Distributional patterns (mapped at the quarter-degree square scale) of species richness of 121 species of mammals recorded from Swaziland were examined in relation to the distribution of protected areas (reserves), privately-owned ranches and six vegetation types. The richness of mammal species was highest in the NE and NW, and lowest in the SW areas of Swaziland. Total mammal species richness was positively and highly significantly correlated with the presence of reserves. Similar patterns were shown by artiodactyls, rodents and carnivores. Total mammal species richness, as well as for most mammalian orders, was positively correlated with moist grassveld and moist savanna vegetation types but negatively correlated with dry grassveld. Mammal species richness, especially for the larger species, was very low on Swazi Nation Land, which covers about 60 of the country. The mammalian fauna of the high-lying areas (Highveld) was distinct from that of the low-lying areas (Lowveld). The Middleveld region supported elements of both Highveld and Lowveld species. A large proportion (87.6 ) of Swaziland's mammal species have been recorded from reserves. Two species {Alcelaphus lichtensteini and Lycaon pictus) no longer occur in Swaziland. For effective conservation of Swaziland's mammals, the issue of how to maintain viable populations on Swazi Nation Land will have to be addressed.

scholarly journals Species richness, geographical affinities and activity patterns of mammals in premontane Andean forests of the Magdalena River basin of Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-166
Author(s):  
Diego A. Torres ◽  
Abel Eduardo Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Deforestation Rates ◽  
Magdalena River

More than half of the population of Colombia is settled in the Magdalena River basin, resulting in high deforestation rates due to productive activities and urbanisation. Within this scenario of forest loss and ecosystem degradation, it is imperative to record and monitor the biodiversity in order to decrease and mitigate the negative consequences of human activities on species and ecosystems. For six years, we assessed the mammal species richness, abundance and activity patterns in premontane forests of the Magdalena River basin in the Department of Caldas, Colombia. We also presented additional information on the geographical affinities of this fauna. We recorded 101 species, seven of them endemic to Colombia, with Chiroptera being the richest order, followed by Rodentia. Most of the species are common and not listed in threatened categories and only four are vulnerable and two endangered, according to the Red List of the IUCN and the Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible of Colombia. The mammalian fauna of the study area is similar to that of other lowland localities in the Neotropics and different to the fauna in highland localities, including the nearby ones. Specifically, this fauna was most similar to that in lowland Tolima and the Caribbean Region of Colombia, Venezuela and Costa Rica; however, when we accounted only for bat fauna, it was more similar to the fauna in Caribbean and Pacific Regions of Colombia. To secure the long-term persistence of these species, we recommend maintenance of the current corridors, such as riparian forests and living fences and an increase in the forested area.

scholarly journals Rapid ecological assessment of mammals from a locality of middle basin at Palmar River, Zulia state, Venezuela

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Belkis A. Rivas ◽  
Arnaldo Ferrer ◽  
Olga L. Herrera-Trujillo ◽  
David A. Prieto-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Key Words ◽  
First Record ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Rapid Ecological Assessment

Here we present the results from a rapid ecological assessment of mammals within Campo Boscán, located in the middle basin of the Palmar River in Zulia state, Venezuela. Records for species inventories were obtained from mist-nets and traps surveys and direct observation across three-vegetation types; we also include data from surveys to local communities. We identified 47 mammal species–representing 24 families and nine orders–, including the first record of the Hairy Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris hirsuta) for the Maracaibo Lake Depression region. Orders Chiroptera, Rodentia and Carnivora represented the most diverse and abundant taxa. Insectivores and carnivores were the most diverse trophic groups. Approximately 13% of the species are included within some threat category. Our results can be used for developing future monitoring programs in order to increase the knowledge on terrestrial vertebrates and biodiversity in general within the region. Key words: Ecology, species richness, mammals, Maracaibo Lake Depression, Zulia state

scholarly journals Non-volant mammals of Carlos Botelho State Park, Paranapiacaba Forest Continuum

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rodrigo Brocardo ◽  
Raisa Rodarte ◽  
Rafael da Silveira Bueno ◽  
Laurence Culot ◽  
Mauro Galetti
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Tayassu Pecari ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Mammal Conservation

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most studied Brazilian biomes in relation to its mammalian fauna. However, there is still a series of gaps of knowledge about the distribution and persistence of some of these species which prevents taking adequate conservation measures to better protect the mammals. In order to make the inventory of the non-volant mammalian fauna of the Carlos Botelho State Park (SP), we compiled data of camera trapping, diurnal census, track records, pitfall and live trapping collected over 8 years (2004-2012). We registered a total of 53 species, of which 12 are regionally threatened and one is an exotic species (Lepus europaeus), including the presence of most mammal species expected for the Paranapiacaba Forest Continuum. The high non-volant mammals species richness allied to the presence of threatened species, strengthen the role of this protected area for mammal conservation in the Atlantic Forest. Although, the local extinction of one species, Tayassu pecari, alert to the need for effective measures of protection.

scholarly journals MAMÍFEROS DE AGUASCALIENTES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mariana Chávez-Andrade ◽  
Jaime Luévano-Esparza ◽  
Gustavo E. Quintero-Díaz ◽  
Horacio V. Bárcenas ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Endangered Species Act ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Taxidea Taxus ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
American Badger ◽  
Leptonycteris Nivalis

RESUMENEl estado de Aguascalientes es uno de los más pequeños de la república, y ocupa el lugar 29 por su extensión territorial. Dada su superficie territorial, su diversidad de mamíferos es una de las menores entre los estados del país. Aguascalientes no cuenta con una lista actualizada. Aquí reportamos 86 especies de mamíferos. El orden con mayor número de especies es Rodentia, seguido por el Chiroptera; ambos incluyen el 71% de la mastofauna del estado. No hay especies endémicas al estado, pero dos especies de murciélagos, seis de roedores y un carnívoro son endémicas de México. Según la norma oficial mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) de especies en riesgo de extinción, la musaraña (Notiosorex crawfordi), el tejon (Taxidea taxus) y tres murciélagos (Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris nivalis y L. yerbabuenae) se encuentran en la categoría de Amenazada (A) y Leopardus pardalis (ocelote) está en Peligro de extinción (P). Palabras clave: Mamíferos, Aguascalientes, Estado de conservación.ABSTRACTThe state of Aguascalientes is very small in size and has a relatively small mammalian fauna diversity. There is not an updated checklist of the mammal fauna of the state, so here we reported 86 species; the orders Rodentia and Chiroptera are the most diverse and together comprised 71% of the mammal species. There are no endemic species in Aguascalientes, but two bat species and six rodents are endemic to Mexico. According to the Mexican endangered species act (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010), the dessert shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi), the American badger (Taxidea taxus), and three species (Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris nivalis and L. yerbabuenae, are listed as threatened species, and the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) as endangered. Key words: Mammals, Aguascalientes, Conservation status.

Biogeography and conservation of non-volant mammals from the Urucum Mountains: a Chiquitano dry forest ecoregion in western Brazil

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Hannibal ◽  
Mauricio Neves Godoi ◽  
Walfrido Moraes Tomas ◽  
Grasiela Porfirio ◽  
Vanda Lúcia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns

AbstractThe distributional data of mammalian fauna are important to reach a comprehensive overview of biogeographic patterns and to highlight regional conservation status, especially in a poorly known region such as the Chiquitano dry forest in western Brazil. Our aims were to survey the mammal species occurring in the Urucum Mountains, located in the southeast end of the Chiquitano forest, compare its species composition to areas elsewhere in different ecoregions, and discuss their conservation statuses. Small mammals were sampled using pitfall and live traps, and medium and large mammals were sampled by direct observation, indirect evidence (e.g. faeces and tracks), and camera traps. Patterns of species composition were compared to other surrounding areas of different ecoregions in South America using multivariate analyses. The results indicated that both faunas have similar biogeographical influences. The Urucum Mountains have an influence on the faunas from the Cerrado, Chaco and Pantanal ecoregions, and only secondarily from forested ecoregions (e.g. Amazon forest). The Urucum harbours a rich non-volant mammalian fauna with species that are widely and restrictedly distributed. The conservation of Urucum Mountains is important because these mountains harbour threatened plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate (mammals) species, which could be suffering due to the mining activity carried out in the region. We stress that the Chiquitano dry forest is unique to western Brazil, situated in a complex biogeographical region, and harbouring a rich and diversified mammal fauna.

A New Species of Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia (Myrtaceae, Myrteae) from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-543
Author(s):  
Karinne Sampaio Valdemarin ◽  
Jair Eustáquio Quintino Faria ◽  
Fiorella Fernanda Mazine ◽  
Vinicius Castro Souza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—A new species of Eugenia from the Atlantic forest of Brazil is described and illustrated. Eugenia flavicarpa is restricted to the Floresta de Tabuleiro (lowland forests) of Espírito Santo state and is nested in Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia. Considering all other species of the subgenus that occur in forest vegetation types of the Atlantic forest phytogeographic domain, Eugenia flavicarpa can be distinguished mainly by the combination of smooth leaves with indumentum on both surfaces, with two marginal veins, usually ramiflorous inflorescences, pedicels 4.5‐9.7 mm long, flower buds 3.5‐4 mm in diameter, and by the calyx lobes that are 2‐3 mm long with rounded to obtuse apices. Morphological analyses were performed to explore the significance of quantitative diagnostic features between the new species and the closely related species, Eugenia farneyi. Notes on the habitat, distribution, phenology, and conservation status of Eugenia flavicarpa are provided, as well as a key for all species of Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia from forest vegetation of the Atlantic forest phytogeographic domain.

scholarly journals Do carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) exhibit similar diversity and distributional patterns along a spatio-temporal gradient on a glacier foreland?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Gobbi ◽  
Valeria Lencioni
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Species Assemblages ◽  
Glacier Foreland ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Glacier Front ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Carabid beetles and chironomid midges are two dominant cold-adapted taxa, respectively on glacier forefiel terrains and in glacial-stream rivers. Although their sensitivity to high altitude climate warming is well known, no studies compare the species assemblages exhibited in glacial systems. Our study compares diversity and distributional patterns of carabids and chironomids in the foreland of the receding Amola glacier in central-eastern Italian Alps. Carabids were sampled by pitfall traps; chironomids by kick sampling in sites located at the same distance from the glacier as the terrestrial ones. The distance from the glacier front was considered as a proxy for time since deglaciation since these variables are positively correlated. We tested if the distance from the glacier front affects: i) the species richness; ii) taxonomic diversity; and iii) species turnover. Carabid species richness and taxonomic diversity increased positively from recently deglaciated sites (those c. 160 m from the glacier front) to sites deglaciated more than 160yrs ago (those located >1300 m from glacier front). Species distributions along the glacier foreland were characterized by mutually exclusive species. Conversely, no pattern in chironomid species richness and turnover was observed. Interestingly, taxonomic diversity increased significantly: closely related species were found near the glacier front, while the most taxonomically diverse species assemblages were found distant from the glacier front. Increasing glacial retreat differently affect epigeic and aquatic insect taxa: carabids respond faster to glacier retreat than do chironomids, at least in species richness and species turnover patterns.

scholarly journals Temperature and Prey Species Richness Drive the Broad-Scale Distribution of a Generalist Predator

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Danai-Eleni Michailidou ◽  
Maria Lazarina ◽  
Stefanos P. Sgardelis
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
The Future ◽  
Grass Snake ◽  
Broad Scale

The ongoing climate change and the unprecedented rate of biodiversity loss render the need to accurately project future species distributional patterns more critical than ever. Mounting evidence suggests that not only abiotic factors, but also biotic interactions drive broad-scale distributional patterns. Here, we explored the effect of predator-prey interaction on the predator distribution, using as target species the widespread and generalist grass snake (Natrix natrix). We used ensemble Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) to build a model only with abiotic variables (abiotic model) and a biotic one including prey species richness. Then we projected the future grass snake distribution using a modest emission scenario assuming an unhindered and no dispersal scenario. The two models performed equally well, with temperature and prey species richness emerging as the top drivers of species distribution in the abiotic and biotic models, respectively. In the future, a severe range contraction is anticipated in the case of no dispersal, a likely possibility as reptiles are poor dispersers. If the species can disperse freely, an improbable scenario due to habitat loss and fragmentation, it will lose part of its contemporary distribution, but it will expand northwards.

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