scholarly journals Distribution of phenols related to self-heating and water washing on coal-waste dumps and in coaly material from the Bierawka river (Poland)

Mineralogia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám Nádudvari ◽  
Monika J. Fabiańska ◽  
Magdalena Misz-Kennan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Fungal Decay ◽  
Self Heating ◽  
Waste Dumps

AbstractSeveral types of coal waste (freshly-dumped waste, self-heated waste and waste eroded by rain water), river sediments and river water were sampled. The aim was to identify the types of phenols present on the dumps together with their relative abundances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of a large number of samples (234) statistically underpin the phenol distributions in the sample sets. The largest average relative contents (1.17-13.3%) of phenols occur in the self-heated samples. In these, relatively high amounts of phenol, C1- and C2-phenols reflect the thermal destruction of vitrinite. In fresh coal waste, C2- and C3-phenols that originated from the bacterial/fungal degradation and oxidation of vitrinite particles are the most common (0.6 rel.%). Water-washed coal waste and water samples contain lower quantities of phenols. In the river sediments, the phenols present are the result of bacterial- or fungal decay of coaly organic matter or are of industrial origin.

Flavor Tainting of Fish in the Upper Wisconsin River Caused by Alkyl- and Thiophenols

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
R. C. Lindsay ◽  
T. P. Heil
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wisconsin River ◽  
Off Flavors

Compounds responsible for pronounced off-flavors in Walleye pike (Stizostedion vitreum) and other sportfish in the Upper Wisconsin River were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sensory techniques. Alkylphenols (2-isopropyl-, 3-isopropyl, 4-isopropyl-, 2,4-diisopropyl-, 2,5-diisopropyl-, 2,6-diisopropyl-, 3,5-diisopropyl-, 5-methyl-2-isopropyl-, and 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-) and thiophenol were found to be the principal contributors to flavor tainting in fish which was most pronounced in the spring. Data indicated that thiophenol entered the river sporadically through discharges from paper mills. Analysis of fish, river sediments, insects, and woods supported a hypothesis that alkylphenols were indirectly derived from paper pulping activities, and that the food chain of fish was involved in the transport of alkylphenols from the environment to fish.

Kinetic Model of Atractylodes Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2765-2768
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Deng Wu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
Rate Equation ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Active Components

The Atractylone, one of the volatile constituents, was the main active components applied in many fields. To avoid the instability, the volatile oil was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Based on this, the processing of Atractylone was stimulated, and the corresponding kinetic parameters were determined. The results indicated that the rate equation of Atractylone oxidation is Rate=K’ [xA] 1.84, and the apparent activation energy of the self-oxidation of Atractylone is 58.05 kJ·mol-1

scholarly journals Molecular and Stable Isotope Composition of Pollutants Emitted during Thermal Processes within the Rymer Coal Waste Dump (Upper Silesia, Poland)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1120
Author(s):  
Dariusz Więcław ◽  
Krzysztof Jurek ◽  
Monika J. Fabiańska ◽  
Elżbieta Bilkiewicz ◽  
Adam Kowalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Self Heating ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons

Twenty-seven gases and sixteen rock wastes from the thermal active Rymer coal waste dump were collected. The composition and origin of gaseous, liquid, and solid pollutants emitted during the self-heating process and the development of these processes with time were established. Gases were subjected to determination of molecular and stable isotope (δ13C and δ2H) composition. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) were applied for evaluation of the quantity and molecular composition of pyrolysates released during the heating of rocks in temperatures from 100 to 650 °C. The main products of Py-GC-MS are released between 350 and 650 °C, namely alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic alcohols. These components were also recorded in Py-GC-MS products of samples collected from the dump surface. Besides the high-molecular-weight organic compounds, in emitted gases CO2, CO, gaseous hydrocarbons, and S-compounds were recorded. The stable isotope data indicated that methane was generated mainly during the low-temperature thermogenic process, but a share of the microbial-originated gas was visible. The source of the CO2 was the oxidation of organic matter. The gaseous S-compounds were products of high-temperature decomposition of sulphides and organic S-compounds. The hydrocarbon and CO contents of the emitted gases proved to be good indicators for tracking of the self-heating processes.

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