Graft copolymerization of poly(vinyl acetate) onto starch using KMnO4-H2SO4 redox system

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohan Qu ◽  
Hongchun Li ◽  
Yongsheng Niu
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Graft Yield

Abstract The graft copolymerization of poly(vinyl acetate) [poly(VAc)] onto starch was studied using the KMnO4-H2SO4 redox system. The grafting parameters are favored by changing the concentration of KMnO4, the concentration of acid, the temperature, the time, and the concentration of monomer. A maximum graft yield of 38.3% was obtained at optimum conditions: KMnO4 concentration=3.0×10-3 mol/l, concentration of acid=1.5×10-2 mol/l, temperature=40°C, time=3 h, and concentration of monomer=1 mol/l. The grafting of poly(VAc) onto starch was confirmed by the IR spectra of pure sago starch, poly(VAc), and poly(VAc) grafted starch. Both swelling power and solubility increased with the increase in temperature. Graft copolymerization increased swelling power and reduced solubility. This material may have use as an application as a biodegradable plastic.

Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Acetate and Isopropenyl Acetate Onto Isotactic Polypropylene

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupendra N. Misra ◽  
G. S. Chauhan ◽  
Inderjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Isopropenyl Acetate

Radiation-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl acetate (VAC) and isopropenyl acetate (PAC) onto isotactic polypropylene (IPP) has been studied. The percentage of grafting was calculated for various reaction parameters, and the optimum conditions for attaining the maximum percentage of grafting were determined. Maximal achieved extents of grafting are 39% and 29% for VAC and PAC, respectively. The reactivity of the two monomers with respect to grafting is discussed.

scholarly journals BIODEGRADATION BEHAVIOR OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) GRAFTED SAGO STARCH BIOPOLYMER

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Isam Yassin Qudsieh
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometry ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Gas Atmosphere

The graft copolymerization of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) onto sago starch (sago starch-g-PMMA) was carried out using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. PMMA was grafted onto sago starch using CAN as an initiator under nitrogen gas atmosphere. The maximum percentage of grafting (%G) was determined to be 246% at the optimum conditions. The copolymers produced were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR), The FTIR spectra of the copolymers clearly indicated the presence of characteristic peaks of PMMA and sago starch, which suggested that PMMA had been successfully grafted on the sago starch. Biodegradability studies of sago starch-g-PMMA and sago starch were carried out by ?-amylase enzyme. Maximum biodegradation of the biopolymer was achieved after 3 days of incubation, while for the product was 7 days. The maximum production of glucose was achieved when the concentration of -amylase was 50 ppm.

Grafting of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate onto Jute fiber: Physico-Chemical Characteristics of the Grafted Jute

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim H. Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dye Absorption ◽  
Graft Yield

The graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate vinyl monomers onto jute fiber using potassium persulfate and ferrous sulfate redox system was investigated in an aqueous medium. Optimized reaction conditions for the graft copolymerization were established for parameter variables, of monomer concentration, initiator concentration, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The grafting degrees were found to depend on the above mentioned variables. A maximum graft yield of 17.3% for MA and 19.4% for MMA was obtained under effective optimized conditions for grafting. The attachment of the monomer on the grafted fiber was confirmed by FTIR studies. Dyeing was affected by monomer characteristics, and due to the development of hydrophobic nature on jute fiber by grafting, a lower amount of dye absorption occurred. Grafting has a favorable influence on tenacity, color fastness, and other properties of jute fiber.

Synthesis and Characterization of Reactive Graft Copolymers of Poly(butyl Acrylate) and Cellulose

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-478
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam S. Chauhan ◽  
Baljit Singh ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Anupama Chinkara
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Graft Copolymers ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Ion Sorption ◽  
Graft Yield ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Structural Aspects

Butyl acrylate was graft copolymerized onto cellulose extracted from pine needles by a simultaneous gamma radiation initiation method. Optimum conditions for the maximum graft yield were established. Polymerization and grafting parameters such as %grafting (Pg), % grafting efficiency (%GE), rates of polymerization (Rp), homopolymerization (Rh) and graft copolymerization (Rg) were also determined. Grafted cellulose was further functionalized to produce poly(acryloyl hydroxylamine) [Cell-g-poly(CONHOH)] so as to generate active (-CONHOH) groups on the cellulose backbone. Graft copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, by FT-IR and by a swelling study. An attempt was also made to study the sorption of Fe+2 and Cu+2 as model metal ions onto the candidate copolymers, in order to investigate their selectivity in metal ion sorption and to determine the effect on metal ion sorption of the structural aspects of the hydrogels and other functionalized graft copolymers, so as to identify their end-uses.

Graft Copolymerization onto Starch Nanoparticle Using Peroxymonosulfate/ Mandelic Acid as a Novel Redox Pair

2020 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Mostafa ◽  
Heba Abed El Meged Ameen ◽  
Azza Awad El-Sanabary
Keyword(s):  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initiation System ◽  
Redox Pair ◽  
Graft Yield ◽  
Potassium Peroxymonosulphate

Unreported peroxymonosulfate/mandelic acid as a redox pair initiation system has been used to graft copolymerizes acrylonitrile onto our previously prepared starch nanoparticle (SNPs) in aqueous medium under nitrogen atmosphere. Optimization of the grafting conditions was studied and the grafting parameters were expressed in terms of graft yield %, graft reaction efficiency % and homopolymer %. Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques confirmed the synthesis of the precursor’s materials and the success of the grafting onto starch nanoparticle. The resultant copolymer was found to be more thermally stable and more resistance to biodegradability than the starch nanoparticle counterparts. Besides, the optimum conditions were obtained when using 1 g starch nanoparticle, 2 ml of AN (based on weight of substrate), 30 m mol/l potassium peroxymonosulphate, 8 m mol/l mandelic acid, 2 hours reaction time and 45°C of temperature.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Southeast Sulawesi Sago Starch

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Ansharullah Ansharullah ◽  
Muhammad Natsir
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Substrate Concentrations ◽  
Menten Constant

The aims of this study were to characterize the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of sago starch, obtained from Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia. The enzyme used for hydrolysis was bacterial ∝-amylase (Termamyl 120L from Bacillus licheniformis, E. C. 3.2.1.1).  The method to determine the initial velocity (Vo) of the hydrolysis was developed by differentiation a nonlinear equation (NLE).  The Vo of the hydrolysis was measured at various pH (6.0, 6.5,and 7.0), temperatures (40, 60, 75 and 95oC), enzyme concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 µg per mL) and in the presence of 70 ppm Ca++. The optimum conditions of this experiment were found to be at pH 6.5 – 7.0 and 75oC, and the Vo increased with increasing enzyme concentration. The Vo values at various substrate concentrations were also determined, which were then used to calculate the enzymes kinetics constant of the hydrolysis, including Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax) using a Hanes plot.  Km and Vmax values were found to be higher in the measurement at pH 7.0 and 75oC. The Km values  at four  different combinations of pH and temperatures (pH 6.5, 40oC; pH 6.5, 75oC; pH 7.0, 40oC; pH 7.0, 75oC) were found to be 0.86, 3.23, 0.77 and 3.83 mg/mL, respectively; and Vmax values were 17.5, 54.3, 20.3 and 57.1 µg/mL/min, respectively. The results obtained showed that hydrolysis rate of this starch was somewhat low.

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