Separation of no-carrier-added 71,72As from 46 MeV alpha particle irradiated gallium oxide target

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
Nabanita Naskar ◽  
Susanta Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Gallium Oxide ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Target Matrix ◽  
No Carrier Added

Abstract No-carrier-added (NCA) 71,72As radionuclides were produced by irradiating gallium oxide target by 46 MeV α-particles. NCA 71,72As was separated from the target matrix by liquid-liquid extraction (LLX) using trioctyl amine (TOA) and tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (aliquat-336) diluted in cyclohexane. The bulk gallium was quantitatively extracted into the organic phase leaving 71,72As in the aqueous phase. Complete separation was observed at 3 M HCl + 0.1 M TOA and 2 M HCl + 0.01 M aliquat-336.

scholarly journals Tantalum and Niobium Selective Extraction by Alkyl-Acetophenone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Toure ◽  
Guilhem Arrachart ◽  
Jean Duhamet ◽  
Stephane Pellet-Rostaing
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Waste Solution ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Kd Values

A study has been carried out on Ta and Nb recovery by liquid-liquid extraction process using 4-methylacetophenone (4-MAcPh) as organic phase. The 4-MAcPh was compared to methylisobutylketone (MIBK) with respect to extraction efficiencies (kD values) at different concentrations of H2SO4 in the aqueous phase. The results showed a similar extraction of Nb for both solvents. However, for Ta extraction efficiency is increased by a factor of 1.3 for 4-MAcPh. In addition, the MIBK solubilized completely after 6 mol L-1 of H2SO4 against only a loss of 0.14 to 4% for 4-MAcPh between 6 and 9 mol L-1 of H2SO4. The potential of 4-MAcPh has also been studied to selectively recover Ta from a model capacitor waste solution. The results showed a selectivity for Ta in the presence of impurities such as Fe, Ni, Mn. The 4-MAcPh also presents the advantage of having physicochemical properties adapted to its use in liquid-liquid extraction technologies such as mixer-settlers.

scholarly journals Origins of Clustering of Metalate-Extractant Complexes in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Nayak ◽  
Raju R. Kumal ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Baofu Qiao ◽  
Aurora Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Langmuir Monolayers ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Metal Loading ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Effective and energy efficient separation of precious and rare metals is very important for a variety of advanced technologies. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a relatively less energy intensive separation technique, widely used in separation of lanthanides, actinides, and platinum group metals (PGMs). In LLE, the distribution of an ion between an aqueous phase and an organic phase is determined by enthalpic (coordination interactions) and entropic (fluid reorganization) contributions. The molecular scale details of these contributions are not well understood. Preferential extraction of an ion from the aqueous phase is usually correlated with the resulting fluid organization in the organic phase, as the longer-range organization increases with metal loading. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which organic phase fluid organization causes, or is caused by, metal loading. In this study, we demonstrate that two systems with the same metal loading may impart very different organic phase organization; and investigate the underlying molecular scale mechanism. Small angle X-ray scattering shows that the structure of a quaternary ammonium extractant solution in toluene is affected differently by the extraction of two metalates (octahedral PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> and square-planar PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>), although both are completely transferred into the organic phase. The aggregates formed by the metalate-extractant complexes (approximated as reverse micelles) exhibit more long-range order (clustering) with PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> compared to that with PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>. Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and complimentary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on model Langmuir monolayers, indicate that the two metalates affect the interfacial hydration structures differently. These results support a strong relationship between the organic phase organizational structure and different local hydration present within the aggregates of metalate-extractant complexes, which is independent of metalate concentration.

Origins of Clustering of Metalate-Extractant Complexes in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Nayak ◽  
Raju R. Kumal ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Baofu Qiao ◽  
Aurora Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Langmuir Monolayers ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Metal Loading ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Effective and energy efficient separation of precious and rare metals is very important for a variety of advanced technologies. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a relatively less energy intensive separation technique, widely used in separation of lanthanides, actinides, and platinum group metals (PGMs). In LLE, the distribution of an ion between an aqueous phase and an organic phase is determined by enthalpic (coordination interactions) and entropic (fluid reorganization) contributions. The molecular scale details of these contributions are not well understood. Preferential extraction of an ion from the aqueous phase is usually correlated with the resulting fluid organization in the organic phase, as the longer-range organization increases with metal loading. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which organic phase fluid organization causes, or is caused by, metal loading. In this study, we demonstrate that two systems with the same metal loading may impart very different organic phase organization; and investigate the underlying molecular scale mechanism. Small angle X-ray scattering shows that the structure of a quaternary ammonium extractant solution in toluene is affected differently by the extraction of two metalates (octahedral PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> and square-planar PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>), although both are completely transferred into the organic phase. The aggregates formed by the metalate-extractant complexes (approximated as reverse micelles) exhibit more long-range order (clustering) with PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> compared to that with PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>. Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and complimentary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on model Langmuir monolayers, indicate that the two metalates affect the interfacial hydration structures differently. These results support a strong relationship between the organic phase organizational structure and different local hydration present within the aggregates of metalate-extractant complexes, which is independent of metalate concentration.

scholarly journals Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Transition Metal Cations by Glyoximes and Their Macrocyclic Glyoxime Ether Derivatives

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Karapinar ◽  
Emin Karapinar ◽  
Emine Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Transition Metals ◽  
Crown Ether ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Equilibrium ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Constants

Liquid-liquid extraction of various alkalis (Li+, Na+, K+, and Cs+), transition metals (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+), and Pb2+cations with phenylglyoxime (L1), p-tolylglyoxime (L2),N′-(4′-Benzo[15-crown-5])phenylaminoglyoxime (L3), andN′-(4′-Benzo[15-crown-5])-p-tolylaminoglyoxime (L4) from the aqueous phase into the organic phase was carried out. For comparison, the corresponding two glyoximes and their macrocyclic glyoxime ether derivatives were also examined. Crown ether groups having ligands (L3,L4) carry especially Na+cation from aqueous phase to organic phase. The extraction equilibrium constants (Kex) for complexes of ligands with Cu2+and Hg2+metal picrates between dichloromethane and water have been determined at 25°C. The values of the extraction constants (logKex) were determined to be 12.27, 13.37, 12.94, and 12.39 for Cu2+and 10.29, 10.62, 11.53, and 11.97 for Hg2+with L1–L4, respectively.

scholarly journals Origins of Clustering of Metalate-Extractant Complexes in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Nayak ◽  
Raju R. Kumal ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Baofu Qiao ◽  
Aurora Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Langmuir Monolayers ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Platinum Group Metals ◽  
Metal Loading ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Effective and energy efficient separation of precious and rare metals is very important for a variety of advanced technologies. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a relatively less energy intensive separation technique, widely used in separation of lanthanides, actinides, and platinum group metals (PGMs). In LLE, the distribution of an ion between an aqueous phase and an organic phase is determined by enthalpic (coordination interactions) and entropic (fluid reorganization) contributions. The molecular scale details of these contributions are not well understood. Preferential extraction of an ion from the aqueous phase is usually correlated with the resulting fluid organization in the organic phase, as the longer-range organization increases with metal loading. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which organic phase fluid organization causes, or is caused by, metal loading. In this study, we demonstrate that two systems with the same metal loading may impart very different organic phase organization; and investigate the underlying molecular scale mechanism. Small angle X-ray scattering shows that the structure of a quaternary ammonium extractant solution in toluene is affected differently by the extraction of two metalates (octahedral PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> and square-planar PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>), although both are completely transferred into the organic phase. The aggregates formed by the metalate-extractant complexes (approximated as reverse micelles) exhibit more long-range order (clustering) with PtCl<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> compared to that with PdCl<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>. Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and complimentary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on model Langmuir monolayers, indicate that the two metalates affect the interfacial hydration structures differently. Further, the interfacial hydration is correlated with water extraction into the organic phase. These results support a strong relationship between the organic phase organizational structure and different local hydration present within the aggregates of metalate-extractant complexes, which is independent of metalate concentration.

Determination of Tin in Canned Fruits and Vegetables by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Liquid–Liquid Extraction

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1627-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M Martín ◽  
Mercedes Sánchez ◽  
Pedro Espinosa ◽  
Gracia Bagur
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Methyl Ketone ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract A method was developed for the determination of tin based on the extraction of its 5,5-methylenedisalicylohydroxamic acid complex with 1.09M isobutyl methyl ketone in tributyl phosphate. After the samples were treated with nitric and hydrochloric acid, the aqueous phase was made to 0.05M in perchloric acid. When the ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase was 4:1 (v/v), the detection limit and the relative standard deviation (n = 7,50 μg tin) were 0.20 μg/mL and 0.9%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of tin in canned fruits and vegetables. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by the phenylfluorone method.

scholarly journals Powerful Concentration of Rhodium in Plating Wastewater Using Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction (HoLLE) and Study for Scale-up

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kato ◽  
Shotaro Saito ◽  
Shigekatsu Oshite ◽  
Shukuro Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Homogeneous Liquid ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Plating Wastewater

A powerful technique for the concentration of rhodium (Rh) in plating wastewater was developed. The technique entails complexing Rh with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) followed by homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction (HoLLE) with Zonyl FSA. The optimum HoLLE conditions were determined as follows: [ethanol]T = 30.0 vol.%, pH = 4.00, and Rh:PAN = 1:5. Under these optimum conditions, 88.1% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, the volume ratio [aqueous phase (Va) /sedimented liquid phase (Vs)] of Va and Vs was 1000 (50 mL → 0.050 mL). We then applied the new method to wastewater generated by the plating industry. The phase separation was satisfactorily achieved when the volume was scaled up to 1000 mL of the actual wastewater; 84.7% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, Va/Vs was 588 (1000 mL - 1.70 mL).

Use of combined solvent extraction-electrodeposition techniques to uranium and thorium isotopes analysis in industrial phosphoric acid, phosphate and phosphogypsum by alpha-particle spectrometry

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zarki ◽  
A. Elyahyaoui ◽  
A. Chiadli
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Acid Phosphate ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Thorium Isotopes

SummaryA method combining liquid-liquid extraction and electrodeposition procedures is carried out to determine isotopic composition of uranium and thorium in technical wet phosphoric acid, phosphate rock and phosphogypsum leachates, by

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