Second near-infrared (NIR-II) imaging: a novel diagnostic technique for brain diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Xie ◽  
Ya Hou ◽  
Shaohui Wang ◽  
Xiaopeng Ai ◽  
Jinrong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Tumor Inflammation

Abstract Imaging in the second near-infrared II (NIR-II) window, a kind of biomedical imaging technology with characteristics of high sensitivity, high resolution, and real-time imaging, is commonly used in the diagnosis of brain diseases. Compared with the conventional visible light (400–750 nm) and NIR-I (750–900 nm) imaging, the NIR-II has a longer wavelength of 1000–1700 nm. Notably, the superiorities of NIR-II can minimize the light scattering and autofluorescence of biological tissue with the depth of brain tissue penetration up to 7.4 mm. Herein, we summarized the main principles of NIR-II in animal models of traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular visualization, brain tumor, inflammation, and stroke. Simultaneously, we encapsulated the in vivo process of NIR-II probes and their in vivo and in vitro toxic effects. We further dissected its limitations and following optimization measures.

Fluorescein-Inspired Near-Infrared Chemodosimeter for Luminescence Bioimaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 4029-4041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Wang ◽  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Siping Chen ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Living System ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Nir Dyes ◽  
Photo Damage ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Luminescence bioimaging is widely used for noninvasive monitoring of biological targets in real-time with high temporal and spatial resolution. For efficient bioimaging in vivo, it is essential to develop smart organic dye platforms. Fluorescein (FL), a traditional dye, has been widely used in the biological and clinical studies. However, visible excitation and emission limited their further application for in vivo bioimaging. Nearinfrared (NIR) dyes display advantages of bioimaging because of their minimum absorption and photo-damage to biological samples, as well as deep tissue penetration and low auto-luminescence from background in the living system. Thus, some great developments of near-infrared fluorescein-inspired dyes have emerged for bioapplication in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we highlight the advances in the development of the near-infrared chemodosimeters for detection and bioimaging based on the modification of fluoresceininspired dyes naphtho-fluorescein (NPF) and cyanine-fluorescein (Cy-FL).

Acceptor Engineering of Small Molecule Fluorophores for NIR-II Fluorescent and NIR-I Photoacoustic Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxi Li ◽  
Hongli Zhou ◽  
Renzhe Bi ◽  
Xiuting Li ◽  
Menglei Zha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Infrared Window

Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) has been an emerging technique in diverse in vivo applications with high sensitivity/resolution and deep tissue penetration. To date, the designing principle...

A “turn-on” near-infrared fluorescent probe with high sensitivity for detecting reduced glutathione based on red shift in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 107837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiping Wang ◽  
Gang Nie ◽  
Siqi Ran ◽  
Huiling Wang ◽  
Xiqiu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Turn On

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Second Near-Infrared Region (NIR-II) Fluorophores and Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Chen ◽  
Liru Xue ◽  
Qingqing Zhu ◽  
Yanzhi Feng ◽  
Mingfu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Tumor Delineation ◽  
Near Infrared Region

Fluorescence imaging technique, characterized by high sensitivity, non-invasiveness and no radiation hazard, has been widely applicated in the biomedical field. However, the depth of tissue penetration is limited in the traditional (400–700 nm) and NIR-I (the first near-infrared region, 700–900 nm) imaging, which urges researchers to explore novel bioimaging modalities with high imaging performance. Prominent progress in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) has greatly promoted the development of biomedical imaging. The NIR-II fluorescence imaging significantly overcomes the strong tissue absorption, auto-fluorescence as well as photon scattering, and has deep tissue penetration, micron-level spatial resolution, and high signal-to-background ratio. NIR-II bioimaging has been regarded as the most promising in vivo fluorescence imaging technology. High brightness and biocompatible fluorescent probes are crucial important for NIR-II in vivo imaging. Herein, we focus on the recently developed NIR-II fluorescent cores and their applications in the field of biomedicine, especially in tumor delineation and image-guided surgery, vascular imaging, NIR-II-based photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, drug delivery. Besides, the challenges and potential future developments of NIR-II fluorescence imaging are further discussed. It is expected that our review will lay a foundation for clinical translation of NIR-II biological imaging, and inspire new ideas and more researches in this field.

Second Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Biocompatible Polymer Nanoparticles for Effective in Vitro and in Vivo Cancer Theranostics

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Xiaoju Men ◽  
Haobin Chen ◽  
Feixue Mi ◽  
Mengze Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Polymer Nanoparticles ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Biocompatible Polymer ◽  
Cancer Theranostics ◽  
Maximum Permissible Exposure

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI)-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) has drawn considerable attention due to the deeper tissue penetration and higher maximum permissible exposure. However, current phototheranostic agents are greatly restricted to the...

Assessment of the near-Infrared Fluorescent Protein FP635 for Dynamic In Vivo Imaging in Models of Adaptive Immune Responses.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 2436-2436
Author(s):  
Simone S Riedel ◽  
Marco Herold ◽  
Markus Hirschberg ◽  
Christian Brede ◽  
Carina A Baeuerlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Imaging ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Body Imaging ◽  
Signal Intensities

Abstract Abstract 2436 Poster Board II-413 Sensitive in vivo imaging methods have advanced the fields of stem cell transplantation, graft-versus–host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-tumor responses (GVT). Near-infrared (NIF) fluorescent proteins (FP) appear advantageous for deeper tissue penetration due to minimized absorbance by hemoglobin, water and lipids. Therefore we tested whether a recently published NIF FP (FP635, “Katushka”) could serve as a single reporter for whole body and single cell imaging. To compare signal intensities of eGFP and FP635 we generated fluorescent MOSEC cell lines (mouse ovarian cancer), titrated them in vitro and subcutaneously (s.c.) in vivo in Balb/c nu/nu mice. MOSEC FP635 showed twice the signal intensities compared to MOSEC eGFP in vitro by spectral fluorescence imaging (FLI). In vivo the eGFP signal was attenuated >60% in contrast to only 20% for FP635 from subcutaneous sites. However, FP635 signals from deep tissue layers were quenched. To address whether reduced signal attenuation of FP635 may allow sensitive visualization of immune processes by FLI and multiphoton-laser-scanning-microscopy (MPM) we generated transgenic mice in the genetic C57Bl/6 (B6) background, expressing FP635 under the ubiquitin promoter. Transgenic founders were selected upon signal intensities of leukocyte populations measured by flow cytometry in the PerCP channel. Combination of FP635 with colors other than red were possible for multiparameter flow cytometry. Next, eGFP, DsRed and FP635 splenocytes from transgenic donors were titrated as described above. In vitro signal intensities of FP635 splenocytes were >5 times lower compared to the other two FPs. FP635 signal absorption in vivo was low (30%) which is consistent with MOSEC titration results. In vivo DsRed detection was most sensitive and signals were similarly attenuated as FP635 in contrast to eGFP (60%). Subsequently, we aimed to visualize FP635 in a model of GVHD, where alloreactive T cells undergo massive expansion. Balb/c nu/nu mice were lethally irradiated and transplanted with 5×106 B6.WT bone marrow cells plus either 2×107 B6.DsRed+Luciferase+ or 2×107 B6.FP635 splenocytes. Sensitivity for DsRed cell detection was superior over FP635 cells. FP635 signal was only weakly detectable in lymph nodes (LN) by ex vivo FLI, where DsRed signals were detectable at earlier timepoints and LNs were even visualized by in vivo FLI. DsRed+ Luciferase+ double transgenic splenocytes allowed direct comparison of bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to FLI. Timely in vivo visualization of immune cells in deep tissues was feasible only by BLI. After whole body imaging the suitability of FP635 for MPM was checked by co-injecting eGFP B cells and either DsRed or FP635 T cells intravenously into RAG-/- mice. As FP635 is a NIF FP we expected to achieve deeper tissue penetration in hemoglobin rich organs, such as the spleen, in single cell microscopy. After 6 weeks of adoptive cell transfer we imaged spleens by MPM. Tissue penetration depths of DsRed or FP635 T cells were compared to eGFP B cells. No advantage in penetration depth of FP635 over DsRed was measured. Photobleaching is an important factor for microscopy, especially if cells are to be tracked over long time. FP635 transfected 293T cells bleached faster (t1/2=108 sec) than 293T cells transfected with eGFP (t1/2>900 sec) or DsRed (t1/2=411 sec). These experiments indicate that very high expression levels of FP635 need to be achieved for imaging. The signal attenuation of FP635 is low which may increase the sensitivity but in our hands DsRed showed comparable characteristics. Yet, the fast photobleaching of FP635 compared to the broadly established FPs DsRed and eGFP may be disadvantageous for long term microscopic tracking of cells. Our data indicate that BLI is by far superior over FLI in sensitivity and tissue penetration for whole body imaging of immune cells. However, FLI of red or near-infrared clonally selectable tumor cell lines may provide a welcome color addition to study immune cell-tumor interactions in combined models of BLI and FLI. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Highly luminescent and photostable near-infrared fluorescent polymer dots for long-term tumor cell tracking in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqin Xiong ◽  
Yixiao Guo ◽  
Yimin Zhang ◽  
Fengwen Cao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Tumor Tracking ◽  
Polymer Dots

Near-infrared-emitting polymer dots were prepared and used as fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro HeLa cell labeling and in vivo long-term HeLa tumor tracking. The prepared NIR polymer dots showed no obvious effect on the tumor growth, and exhibited durable brightness, long-term photostability and high sensitivity.

Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Rui Guan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Brain

Background: Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. Objective: This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. Methods: Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). Results: The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.

scholarly journals Detecting apoptosis as a clinical endpoint for proof of a clinical principle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Zollet ◽  
Timothy E.Yap ◽  
M Francesca Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Sight Loss ◽  
Apoptosis Detection ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

The transparent eye media represent a window through which to observe changes occurring in the retina during pathological processes. In contrast to visualising the extent of neurodegenerative damage that has already occurred, imaging an active process such as apoptosis has the potential to report on disease progression and therefore the threat of irreversible functional loss in various eye and brain diseases. Early diagnosis in these conditions is an important unmet clinical need to avoid or delay irreversible sight loss. In this setting, apoptosis detection is a promising strategy with which to diagnose, provide prognosis, and monitor therapeutic response. Additionally, monitoring apoptosis in vitro and in vivo has been shown to be valuable for drug development in order to assess the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies both in the pre-clinical and clinical setting. Detection of Apoptosing Retinal Cells (DARC) technology is to date the only tool of its kind to have been tested in clinical trials, with other new imaging techniques under investigation in the fields of neuroscience, ophthalmology and drug development. We summarize the transitioning of techniques detecting apoptosis from bench to bedside, along with the future possibilities they encase.

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