Peripheral giant cell granuloma

Abstract Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) or “Epulis gigantocelularis” is the most common oral lesion that originates from giant cells. It typically manifests in the form of soft tissue tumor purple-red or red-watery color consisting of multinuclear giant cells in the mononuclear stroma and extravascular erythrocytes. This lesion is not considered true neoplasm, rather reactive lesion stimulated by local irritation and trauma. However, the cause is not known with certainty. This paper presents a 13-year-old boy with a large lesion in the region of right maxillary canine that was retained in jaw despite favorable vertical position and available space to accommodate in the dental arch. The lesion was completely removed under local anesthesia and histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of PGCG. Postoperative period went without complications. After four months additional surgical procedure was needed due to the recurrence, which after tooth naturally erupted and positioned in the dental arch.

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Peripheral giant cell granuloma associated with a dental implant

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0983-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rafaela Carriço Porto Baesso ◽

Maria Carolina de Lima Jacy Monteiro Barki ◽

Rebeca de Souza Azevedo ◽

Karla Bianca Fernandes da Costa Fontes ◽

Débora Lima Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Histological Examination ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Left Mandible

Abstract Background Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is an uncommon pathology that affects gingival or alveolar mucosa. Although PGCG can be associated with dental implants, little is known about this lesion and implant osseointegration as well as its etiopathogenesis and the treatments available. This study sought to report a rare case of PGCG associated with dental implant, emphasizing its clinical and histopathological aspects. Case presentation A 53-year-old man had an exophytic, reddish lesion, around a crown attached to a dental implant located in the left mandible. Radiographically, there was bone loss around the implant. After excisional biopsy, histological examination revealed a submucosal proliferation of multinucleated giant cells rendering the diagnosis of peripheral giant cell granuloma. Patient has been under follow-up for 6 months with no recurrence. Conclusions Peri-implant lesions must be completely removed to prevent recurrence of PGCG and implant failure, even in cases suspected to be reactive. Besides, histological examination must be performed on all peri-implant reactions to achieve the appropriate diagnosis and, consequently, the best treatment and follow up.

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Clinical Rhinology An International Journal ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1119 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 46-48

Author(s):

Neha Chopra ◽

Sanjeev Puri ◽

Hemant Chopra

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Periodontal Membrane ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Chronic Trauma ◽

Superficial Erosion

ABSTRACT The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), also known as osteoclastoma, giant cell reparative granuloma, giant cell epulis or giant cell hyperplasia, is a relatively frequent reactive benign exophytic lesion of the oral cavity originating from the periosteum or periodontal membrane following local irritation or chronic trauma. PGCG manifests as a red-purple nodule consisting of multinucleated giant cells in a background of mononuclear stromal cells and extravasated red blood cells located in the region of the gums or edentulous alveolar margins, fundamentally in the lower jaw. The lesion can develop at any age, though it is more common between the fifth and sixth decades of life, and shows a slight female predilection. PGCG is a soft tissue lesion that very rarely affects the underlying bone, though the latter may suffer superficial erosion. Here, we present a case of PGCG who presented with the chief complaint of nasal blockade with a palatal mass. How to cite this article Chopra H, Puri S, Chopra N. Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma. Clin Rhinol Int J 2012;5(1):46-48.

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Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma Associated with a Dental Implant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2015/697673 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Amy Louise Brown ◽

Paulo Camargo de Moraes ◽

Marcelo Sperandio ◽

Andresa Borges Soares ◽

Vera Cavalcanti Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Foreign Body Reactions

The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a nonneoplastic lesion commonly caused by local irritation. This report describes a 46-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a PGCG associated with a dental implant. The dental implant was originally placed in August 2012. Ten months later, the patient presented with a well-circumscribed lesion associated with and covering the implant, at which time the lesion was excised. Four months later, due to recurrence of the lesion, a deeper and wider excisional biopsy with curettage of the adjacent bone was performed. No evidence of recurrence has been reported after 12 months of follow-up. Immunohistochemistry, using the antibody CD68, was performed to investigate the origin of the multinucleated giant cells, with their immunophenotype being similar to those of other giant cell lesions, including central giant cell granuloma, foreign-body reactions, and granulomatous reactions to infectious agents.

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Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a case repo

International Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.14419/ijdr.v4i2.6359 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Saad Shahnawaz Ahmed ◽

Hira Zaman ◽

Fahad Bin Abrar ◽

Sadia Khalid

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Good Healing ◽

Chronic Trauma

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a common benign gingival lesion in the oral cavity of unknown origin, believed to be stimulated by local irritation or chronic trauma. It is also known as giant cell epulis, giant cell reparative granuloma, or giant-cell hyperplasia, presenting as purplish-red soft tissue nodule clinically and histologically consisting of multinucleated giant cells in a background of mononuclear stromal cells and extravasated red blood cells. This case report describes a 40 year old male previously reported with peripheral giant cell granuloma 2 years back which on excision reoccurred after 3-4 months and persistently growing since then. The gingival lesion between his maxillary central incisors was excised and the Biopsy specimen sent in 10% formalin to histopathological lab and was diagnosed as PGCG. There was good healing of tissue of the surgical site during the 9 months follow-up.

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Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma in a Child Associated with Ectopic Eruption and Traumatic Habit with Control of Four Years

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2016/6725913 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luiz Evaristo Ricci Volpato ◽

Cristhiane Almeida Leite ◽

Brunna Haddad Anhesini ◽

Jéssica Marques Gomes da Silva Aguilera ◽

Álvaro Henrique Borges

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Soft Tissue Injury ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Oral Lesion ◽

Conservative Surgery ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Attached Gingiva

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a nonneoplastic lesion that may affect any region of the gingiva or alveolar mucosa of edentulous and toothed areas, preferentially in the mandible and rarely occurring in children. This report describes the clinical and histopathological findings of a PGCG diagnosed in the maxilla of a 9-year-old boy associated with a tooth erupting improperly and a traumatic habit. The patient did not present anything noteworthy on extraoral physical examination or medical history, but the habit of picking his teeth and “poking” the gingiva. The oral lesion consisted of an asymptomatic, rounded, pink colored, smooth surface, soft tissue injury with fibrous consistency and approximated size of 1.5 cm located in the attached gingiva between the upper left permanent lateral incisor and the primary canine of the same side. Excisional biopsy was performed through curettage and removal of the periosteum, periodontal ligament, and curettage of the involved teeth with vestibular access. The histopathological analysis led to the diagnosis of PGCG. The prompt diagnosis and treatment of the PGCG resulted in a more conservative surgery and a reduced risk for tooth and bone loss and recurrence of the lesion. After four years of control, patient had no relapse of the lesion and good gingival and osseous health.

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Clinical and surgical management of peripheral giant cell granuloma

Revista Estomatología ◽

10.25100/re.v19i1.5723 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Patricia Vieyra Aranda ◽

Patricia Trejos Quiroz ◽

Claudia De León Torres ◽

Daniela Carmona Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

The Right

SUMMARYThe peripheral giant cell granuloma is anexophytic lesion developing in the oral cavity;it is one of the “reactive hyperplasias”The etiology is unknown In the literatureonly 12 cases have been reported in children,in these patients, it achieved rapidgrowth, behaving in an aggressive manneras it absorbed alveolar bone, leading totooth mobility and interferes with eruption.This article presents the case of a male 9years, 6 months old patient, who showeda red, soft, irregularly shaped gingivalswelling involving the right maxillarypremolars of 4cm in diameter with an ulcerin the oclusal side, asymptomatic and withshort evolution. Recurrence appeared inless than 6 months; histopathologic diagnosiswas peripheral giant cell granuloma,the treatment was surgical. The purpose ofthis study was to identify the peripheralgiant cell granuloma to avoid destructionof the alveolar bone, thus avoiding the lossof permanent teeth.Key words: Reactive hyperplasias, granuloma,giant cells.

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Aggressive behavior of peripheral giant cell granuloma: A case report

Journal of Clinical Images and Medical Case Reports ◽

10.52768/2766-7820/1218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Nadia Fathy Hassabou ◽

◽

Yasmine Alaa Eldin ◽

Amina Fouad Farag ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Periodontal Membrane ◽

Neoplastic Lesion ◽

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma ◽

Chronic Trauma

Background: Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (PGCG) considered one of the commonest oral giant cell lesions and gingival epulis. It is probably a non neoplastic lesion but rather reactive in nature which originates from the periodontal membrane or the periosteum as a reaction to chronic trauma or local irritation. This article reports a case of PGCG in a 6 years old male patient complaining of massive gingival swelling associated with looseness of related teeth which is highly unlikely to occur with such lesions, that may lead to misdiagnosis. Material and method: Surgical excision followed by histopathological examination was performed and confirmed using CD34 and CD45 for detection and confirming the origin of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). Results: Immunopositivity for CD34 was demonstrated only as cytoplasmic reaction of endothelial cells lining blood vessels while negative reaction was observed in MNGCs or in stromal mononuclear cell. Moreover, cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for CD45 was revealed in MNGCs and few stromal cells. Conclusion: Correlating clinical, radiographic and histopathologic examination reaching definite and early diagnosis is mandatory for management of such lesions thus eliminating potential risk of damaging to adjacent hard tissue structures. Keywords: Peripheral giant cell granuloma; multinucleated giant cells; CD34; CD45.

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