Fractions of heavy metals in soil after the application of municipal sewage sludge, peat, and furnace ash / Frakcje metali ciężkich w glebie po zastosowaniu komunalnego osadu ściekowego, popiołu paleniskowego i torfu

Abstract The effect of addition of different materials, i.e. sludge, ash and peat, as well as different doses of mixtures of ash and sludge and ash peat, on the total content of heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni) and their fractions was studied. Application of municipal sewage sludge, ash-sludge and ash-peat mixtures in the experiment caused a gradual increase in the content of studied heavy metals in soil. The ash was characterized by a low content of heavy metals as compared to municipal sewage sludge. After application of peat and its mixtures with ash a decrease of content of heavy metals was observed, and when the peat was used alone the greatest increase in the organic C content in the substrate could be seen. Distribution of heavy metals in the fractions separated in different combinations shows large variations, depending on the tested metal and the studied variant. Chromium, zinc, lead, and cadmium have been accumulated mainly in the residual fraction (FV), and most of the copper and nickel have been specifically bound with organic matter (FIV). It has been found that the alkaline materials application to the soil decreased the solubility of most heavy metals, which results in a limitation of their uptake by plants. Chromium and copper were an exception, since their solubility increased with the alkalinity of the substrate. An exception was chromium and copper, which solubility increased with the alkalinity of the substrate.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Different Doses of Sewage Sludge and Liming on Total Cobalt Content and its Speciation in Soil

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10101550 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1550

Author(s):

Elżbieta Malinowska ◽

Kazimierz Jankowski

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Total Content ◽

Cobalt Content ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Residual Fraction ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Incubation Experiment ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Higher Doses ◽

Different Doses

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of liming and various doses of municipal sewage sludge (5, 10, and 15% of the weight of the soil) on cobalt total content and its speciation. The incubation experiment lasted 420 days and was conducted in controlled laboratory conditions. Soil was sampled after 30, 60, 90, and 120 days and then, with a break of 180 days, after 360 and 420 days. In all samples, cobalt total content was determined by means of ICP-AES (emission spectrophotometer), and fractions of this metal were measured with the seven-step Zeien and Brümmer method, with seven of them separated: F1–easily soluble, F2–exchangeable, F3–bound to MnOx, F4–bound to organic matter, F5–bound to amorphous FeOx, F6–bound to crystalline FeOx, and F7–residual. Compared to the control, the average content of total cobalt in the soil increased more than two times in experimental units with higher doses of sewage sludge (10% and 15% of the weight of the soil). The metal was mainly bound to the residual fraction, where it constituted 40% of its total content, while in the organic fraction, its share was 20%. In the soil incubated with sludge, cobalt in mobile fractions constituted a small percentage of its total content. Liming limited the release of this metal.

Download Full-text

Nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered β-cristobalite AlPO4: the now deciphered main constituent of a municipal sewage sludge ash from a full-scale incineration facility

Powder Diffraction ◽

10.1017/s0885715614001213 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (S1) ◽

pp. S31-S35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. Peplinski ◽

C. Adam ◽

B. Adamczyk ◽

R. Müller ◽

M. Michaelis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Large Scale ◽

Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽

Direct Proof ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Sewage Sludge Ash ◽

X Ray ◽

Sludge Ash

For the first time evidence is provided that a nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered, chemically stabilized β-cristobalite form of AlPO4 occurs in a sewage sludge ash (SSA). This proof is based on a combined X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray fluorescence investigation of an SSA produced at a large-scale fluidized bed incineration facility serving a catching area with a population of 2 million. The structural and chemical characterization was carried out on ‘as received’ SSA samples as well as on solid residues remaining after leaching this SSA in sodium hydroxide solution. Thus, it was ascertained that the observed nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered cristobalite-like component belongs to the aluminum phosphate component of this SSA, rather than to its silicon dioxide component. In addition, a direct proof is presented that the chemically stabilized β-cristobalite form of AlPO4 does crystallize from X-ray amorphous precursors under conditions that mimic the huge heating rate and short retention time (just seconds at T ≈ 850°C), typical for fluidized bed incinerators.

Download Full-text

First identification of the tridymite form of AlPO4 in municipal sewage sludge ash

European Powder Diffraction Conference; August 2010, Darmstadt, Germany ◽

10.1524/9783486991321-072 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

B. Peplinski ◽

C. Adam ◽

H. Reuther ◽

C. Vogel ◽

B. Adamczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Sewage Sludge Ash ◽

Sludge Ash

Download Full-text

The Sewage Sludge Biochar at Low Pyrolysis Temperature Had Better Improvement in Urban Soil and Turf Grass

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9030156 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yanfang Tian ◽

Liu Cui ◽

Qimei Lin ◽

Guitong Li ◽

Xiaorong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Urban Soil ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Total N ◽

Organic C ◽

Turf Grass ◽

The Impact ◽

Spray Dried

In recent years, continuous efforts have been made to understand the impact of biochar on arable soil fertility. Little is known about whether the biochar derived from municipal sewage sludge has positive impacts on urban soil. In this study, we pyrolyzed spray-dried municipal sewage sludge at 200 °C, 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C for 2 h in a muffle furnace and then amended it into an urban soil to grow turf grass in pots. The outcomes demonstrated that biochar incorporation caused remarkable increases in soil organic C, black C, total N, available P, and K by 3–8, 7–25, 2–9, 10–19, and 1.4–2 times, respectively. The dry matter of turf grass increased by 43–147%, probably due to the nutritional improvement after biochar addition. The turf grass grown in biochar-added soil had 4–70% lower heavy metals than that in the control, although the soils had much higher total heavy metals, which might imply that biochar amendment reduced the bioavailability of heavy metals. Considering the cost of biochar production and its impacts on both urban soil and grass, it would be alternative to convert the spray-dried municipal sewage sludge into biochar at 200 °C for 2 h and then used as an urban soil amendment.

Download Full-text