Effects of geometrical configurations of photobioreactors on the growth of marine benthic diatom Cylindrotheca closterium / Fotobiyoreaktörlerin geometrik konfigürasyonlarının sucul bentik diatom Cylindrotheca closterium üremesi üzerine etkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra İmamoğlu
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Algal Biotechnology ◽  
Cylindrotheca Closterium ◽  
Photobioreactor Design ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractObjective: For algal biotechnology, the primary barrier is the developing of cost effective photobioreactor operating in a high-efficiency. In this study, the effects of three different types of photobioreactors (bag, flat plate and bubble column) on the growth and sugar production of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium were simultaneously investigated for 7 days of batch cultivation period.Methods: The photobioreactors were incubated at 21±2°C under the light intensity of 50 μmol photons m-2s-1 with a 12: 12 h light: dark cycle photoperiod at the air flow rate of 2 L min-1 for 7 days of batch productions. The turbidity (optical density), chlorophyll-a, exopolysaccharide (EPS) content and reducing sugar concentration were measured.Results: The maximum specific growth rate of 0.29 dayConclusion: The key is not only the selection of geometrical configuration of photobioreactor, but also the determination of the light penetration path for cost effective photobioreactor design operating in high efficiency related to the algal productions.

Research and Application of High-Efficiency Multi-Cyclone Dust Removal

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Yang ◽  
Da Fu Ni
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dust Removal ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Selection Of

Performance and working principle of high-efficiency multi-cyclone were analyzed, and the structural design shortage of original high-efficiency multi-cyclone was pointed out. Its structure was researched and designed, including determination of setting chamber and pipe number, selection of material and the design of cyclones.

Assessment of efficiency of distribution centre at different variants of freight traffic consolidation

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Elena Dmitrievna Pserovskaya ◽  
◽  
Anna Pavlovna Grefenshteyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Benefit ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Freight Traffic ◽  
Distribution Centre ◽  
Selection Of

For the determination of a potential benefit from creation of a distribution centre the paper proposes a method and presents results of calculation of a decrease of total number of rides and total run of automobiles at various variants of goods consolidation. The authors have established a positive influence of the centre on intracity transportation. At the same time, high efficiency of the considered technology can be reached by involvement of a bigger number of consignees and by consolidation of a relatively small number of goods batches in one automobile at efficient routing and correct selection of location of a distribution centre.

scholarly journals Mixed oxide growth on combinatorial aluminium–gadolinium alloys — a thermodynamic and first-principles approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Cezarina Cela Mardare ◽  
Andrei Ionut Mardare ◽  
Achim Walter Hassel
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alloy Film ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Anodic Films ◽  
Film Stability ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy Minimization ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractMetal surfaces covered with oxides have attracted considerable scientific attention in various applications. In particular, anodic films fabricated by cost-effective anodizing have been widely used in nano-structured engineering to provide various surface functionalities. However, understanding of alloy film stability, having individual elements with widely varying structures and morphologies, is very limited due to lack of thermodynamic information and effects of electrolyte chemistry. This requires many tedious efforts on a trial and error basis in selecting suitable electrolytes that can produce the protective film at high efficiency on alloys having mixed chemistries. It is, therefore, crucial to develop a combination of high throughput theoretical analysis and automated rapid localized electrochemical probing that provides a fast and simple solution for electrolyte choice and paves the way to the remarkable expansion of industrial applications of oxides. Herein, we demonstrate that combinatorial Al–Gd alloys covering 1.0 to 10.0 at.% Gd can be oxidized into ultra-thin anodic films of controlled thickness through a selection of electrolyte based on thermodynamics (phosphate buffer with a pH of 8.20). We propose that growth of anodic films on alloys at high efficiency is possible if Gibbs free energy minimization criteria would be systematically contemplate. Graphical abstract

The Application of Value Engineering in Budget Boftware Selection of Universities’ Cost Major in Western Areas of Chongqing

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 3996-3999
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Cost Coefficient ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

With the popularity of computerization in project cost industry, it has become one of the necessary professional skills for project cost personnel to be familiar with series of project cost software. To choose and buy targeted budget software in a college construction cost major can help lay a solid foundation for the students before work. Considering the current situation of budget software of the universities cost major in western areas of Chongqing, we can select the cost-effective budget software through the determination of functional evaluation coefficient, cost coefficient and value coefficient by introducing value engineering.

The dewaterability, heavy metal release and reuse characteristics of golden horn surface sediment

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karpuzcu ◽  
D. Buktel ◽  
Z. S. Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Golden Horn ◽  
Heavy Metal Release ◽  
Selection Of

In this study the dewaterability, heavy metal release and reuse characteristics and reuse of Golden Horn surface sediment were investigated under remediation considerations. Determination of factors like specific resistance to filtration and moisture type of sediment is a prerequisite for rational selection of the most cost-effective volume reduction process. Twenty five percent and seventy five percent of the water content were of free and immobilized, and of bound nature, respectively, with a high resistance value revealing poor dewaterability characteristics. The leachate did not contain toxic heavy metals, even at pH 3. The sediment had strong adsorbability for Cu and Pb, and high buffering capacity. The reuse of the dried sediment as a clay mixture in brick manufacturing seemed possible up to 40 percent.

Environmental Soil and Ground Water Assessment Using High Resolution Passive Soil-Gas Samplers - Petrex Method: Methodology and Results of a Case Study Performed in Brazil

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Gomes ◽  
M. Alarsa ◽  
M. C. Salvador ◽  
C. Kupferschmid
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Direct Sampling ◽  
Selection Of

The PETREX Passive Soil Gas Technique - applied successfully to environmental projects for 10 years - is the ideal primary investigative tool for soil and groundwater contaminations, since it is rapid, easy to apply and covers large areas. It is more sensitive and cost effective than other methods (e.g. active soil gas techniques). Passive collectors combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry permit direct mid reliable identification of over 9,000 volatile (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). PETREX is capable of providing comprehensive problem delineation during the initial stages of the site investigation, allowing for greater cost effectiveness in the planning of remediation programs and in the selection of appropriate monitoring well locations and other methodologies which may be needed to complete the environmental evaluation. PETREX therefore finds wide use in the investigation of contaminants, in the determination of pollution sources, as well as in audits connected to real estate transactions. This paper describes a case-study developed in Brazil, showing PETREX's usefulness and its correlation with soil and groundwater contamination plumes established from traditional direct sampling methods.

The Definition of Effluent Discharge Consent Conditions in Complex Estuarine Environments

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Milne ◽  
P. C. Nicholas ◽  
C. Pattinson ◽  
W. Halcrow
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Coastal Pollution ◽  
Biological Impact ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Selection Of

The Welsh Water Authority puts considerable emphasis upon the scientific determination of discharge consents through which it controls coastal pollution. It also pursues a policy which encourages the effective use of estuarine and coastal capacity to assimilate effluents. Conflict between environmental protection and cost-effective effluent disposal is minimised by concentrating upon the relationships between environmental quality objective (E.Q.O.), environmental quality standard (E.Q.S.) and discharge consent. Welsh Water has devoted considerable resources to the understanding and prediction of these relationships in estuaries and has developed a protocol for consent setting. This protocol is described and illustrated with examples from recent work on the Loughor and Dee estuaries in Wales. Desk study, specialised investigations and mathematical modelling techniques are integrated to identify critical processes in the dispersal, degradation and biological impact of pollutants. These are modelled to predict effluent behaviour for various discharge regimes, allowing a flexible approach to the selection of a consent.

Medical Literature Searches -How Many Bibliographic Databases are Needed for Sufficient Retrieval in Medical Topics?

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. John
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryAs many bibliographic services in medicine are offered, literature searches in eight databases at DIMDI were performed to find out which database is most important in medicine. The distribution of publications from members of the medical faculty of Frankfurt University was examined. No save prediction is possible as to which database will yield most articles. Overlapping from different databases is often rather low. The selection of an appropriate database mix for sufficient recall and in a cost-effective manner.is a task for an experienced searcher.

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