The X-ray Structure Factor of Liquid Glycerol

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1045-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soltwisch ◽  
B. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Peak Height ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Scattering Intensity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Atomic Radial Distribution ◽  
Atomic Radial Distribution Function ◽  
Q Values

The X-ray scattering intensity from highly viscous, liquid glycerol has been measured using MoKα-radiation (0.2 < qÅ < 10) between 250 K and 350 K. The corrected spectra were Fourier transformed to obtain the atomic radial distribution function.For increasing temperatures one observes an increase of the X-ray intensity before the first structure maximum, and a broadening and a shift to lower-q-values of the main peak, while the peak height remains nearly constant.The temperature dependent structure factors are compared with a model calculation, which in a simple way gives the correct compressibility limit. From the fits to the structure maximum the existence of orientational correlations is inferred.

scholarly journals Dynamic electron correlations with charge order wavelength along all directions in the copper oxide plane

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Boschini ◽  
M. Minola ◽  
R. Sutarto ◽  
E. Schierle ◽  
M. Bluschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Order ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Coulomb Interactions ◽  
Static Charge ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Vector Magnitude

AbstractIn strongly correlated systems the strength of Coulomb interactions between electrons, relative to their kinetic energy, plays a central role in determining their emergent quantum mechanical phases. We perform resonant x-ray scattering on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ, a prototypical cuprate superconductor, to probe electronic correlations within the CuO2 plane. We discover a dynamic quasi-circular pattern in the x-y scattering plane with a radius that matches the wave vector magnitude of the well-known static charge order. Along with doping- and temperature-dependent measurements, our experiments reveal a picture of charge order competing with superconductivity where short-range domains along x and y can dynamically rotate into any other in-plane direction. This quasi-circular spectrum, a hallmark of Brazovskii-type fluctuations, has immediate consequences to our understanding of rotational and translational symmetry breaking in the cuprates. We discuss how the combination of short- and long-range Coulomb interactions results in an effective non-monotonic potential that may determine the quasi-circular pattern.

Temperature-dependent small-angle x-ray scattering from poly(vinylidene fluoride)

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 5508 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schultz ◽  
J. S. Lin ◽  
R. W. Hendricks ◽  
R. R. Lagasse ◽  
R. G. Kepler
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Ray Scattering

Morphological basis for the complex melting behaviour of isotactic polystyrene

e-Polymers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Al-Hussein ◽  
Gert Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Melting Behaviour ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Molten Material ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Isotactic Polystyrene ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractTemperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy of isothermally cold crystallized isotactic polystyrene revealed considerable morphological reorganization during subsequent heating to the melt. Both the crystalline thickness and the long period increased continuously with increasing temperature before the samples finally melted. The temperature dependence of these changes correlated very well with the melting behaviour observed with differential scanning calorimetry. As the temperature increased during a heating scan, the initial lamellae that formed during isothermal crystallization showed only little reorganization until they started to melt. Then, the molten material recrystallized continuously into increasingly thicker lamellae at increasing temperature until they finally melted. As the crystallization temperature approached the final melting temperature of the recrystallized lamellae, the initial lamellae melted without further recrystallization and no morphological changes were seen in this case.

FitGISAXS: software package for modelling and analysis of GISAXS data using IGOR Pro

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Babonneau
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Stratified Medium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Scripting Language

A software package for performing modelling and analysis of GISAXS (grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering) data within the distorted-wave Born approximation has been developed using the IGOR Pro scripting language (http://www.wavemetrics.com). The tool suite uses a slab-model approach with the Abélès matrix method to calculate X-ray reflectivity curves, electric field intensity distributions and GISAXS intensities from supported or buried scatterers arranged in two or three dimensions in a stratified medium. Models are included to calculate the scattered intensity for monodisperse, polydisperse and interacting particles with various size distributions, form factors and structure factors. The source code for the entire package is freely available, allowing anyone to develop additional tools.

scholarly journals GIWAXS-SIIRkit: scattering intensity, indexing and refraction calculation toolkit for grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering of organic materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1108-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Savikhin ◽  
Hans-Georg Steinrück ◽  
Ru-Ze Liang ◽  
Brian A. Collins ◽  
Stefan D. Oosterhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Scattering Intensity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Short Learning Curve ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Intensity Normalization ◽  
Ray Scattering

Grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) has become an increasingly popular technique for quantitative structural characterization and comparison of thin films. For this purpose, accurate intensity normalization and peak position determination are crucial. At present, few tools exist to estimate the uncertainties of these measurements. Here, a simulation package is introduced called GIWAXS-SIIRkit, where SIIR stands for scattering intensity, indexing and refraction. The package contains several tools that are freely available for download and can be executed in MATLAB. The package includes three functionalities: estimation of the relative scattering intensity and the corresponding uncertainty based on experimental setup and sample dimensions; extraction and indexing of peak positions to approximate the crystal structure of organic materials starting from calibrated GIWAXS patterns; and analysis of the effects of refraction on peak positions. Each tool is based on a graphical user interface and designed to have a short learning curve. A user guide is provided with detailed usage instruction, tips for adding functionality and customization, and exemplary files.

scholarly journals Valence and patterning of aromatic residues determine the phase behavior of prion-like domains

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6478) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik W. Martin ◽  
Alex S. Holehouse ◽  
Ivan Peran ◽  
Mina Farag ◽  
J. Jeremias Incicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiscale Simulations ◽  
Sequence Feature ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Aromatic Residues ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Biophysical Approach ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Prion-like domains (PLDs) can drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cells. Using an integrative biophysical approach that includes nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, and multiscale simulations, we have uncovered sequence features that determine the overall phase behavior of PLDs. We show that the numbers (valence) of aromatic residues in PLDs determine the extent of temperature-dependent compaction of individual molecules in dilute solutions. The valence of aromatic residues also determines full binodals that quantify concentrations of PLDs within coexisting dilute and dense phases as a function of temperature. We also show that uniform patterning of aromatic residues is a sequence feature that promotes LLPS while inhibiting aggregation. Our findings lead to the development of a numerical stickers-and-spacers model that enables predictions of full binodals of PLDs from their sequences.

X-ray Investigations of Liquid Bismuth-Copper Alloys

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nomssi Nzali ◽  
W. Hoyer
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Reverse Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Square Well ◽  
Total Structure

Liquid copper, bismuth, and eleven bismuth-copper alloys were investigated at temperatures above the liquidus with X-ray diffraction. The experimental procedure was adjusted to reduce the effects of evaporation. The Faber-Ziman total structure factors S(Q) feature a splitting of the first maximum and negative values for Q around 1 Å -1 in a large concentration range. The results are compared to previous neutron diffraction results by Zaiss and Steeb, to square-well potential model calculations by Gopala Rao and Satpathy and to a simple segregation model. The segregation model reproduces the features qualitatively. Partial structure factors are assessed by fitting both neutron and X-ray scattering results with reverse Monte-Carlo simulation

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