scholarly journals A Method of Calculating Bound States in a Unified Field Model

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1056-1063
Author(s):  
D. Großer ◽  
B. Hailer ◽  
L. Hornung ◽  
T. Lauxmann ◽  
H. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Explicit Representations ◽  
Space Vectors ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract In a model in which the usual elementary particles (leptons, quarks, photons, weak bosons, gluons, and so on) are bound states of truly elementary fermions we present a method for the calculation of the masses of these bound states. The kinetic energy of this model contains derivatives of second order so that the four-fermion interaction becomes renormalizable. The method uses explicit representations for the Hilbert space vectors of bound states.

Effective Boson-Fermion Dynamics for Subfermion Models

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-662
Author(s):  
G. Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Bound States ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Composite Particle ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Composite Models Of Particles ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Nonlinear Spinor ◽  
General Group ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Composite Models

Abstract Effective composite particle dynamics can be derived by weak mapping of quantum fields. This method was already applied to derive effective boson or boson-fermion coupling theories from a nonlinear subfermion field. In this paper we present an extension of those calculations to the general group theoretical treatm ent of two-fermion bound states and their coupling to (elementary) fermions within an arbitrary nonlinear spinor-isospinor field model. The resulting effective field equations are com pared with the corresponding phenomenological expressions which for example underly the standard electroweak theory. PACS 11 .10 - Field theory.PACS 12.10 - Unified field theories and models. PACS 12.35 - Composite models of particles.

MULTIVERSE COSMOLOGICAL MODELS

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 727-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. W. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Cosmological Models ◽  
Anthropic Principle ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Inflationary Cosmology ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Masses

Recent advances in string theory and inflationary cosmology have led to a surge of interest in the possible existence of an ensemble of cosmic regions, or "universes", among the members of which key physical parameters, such as the masses of elementary particles and the coupling constants, might assume different values. The observed values in our cosmic region are then attributed to an observer selection effect (the so-called anthropic principle). The assemblage of universes has been dubbed "the multiverse". In this paper we review the multiverse concept and the criticisms that have been advanced against it on both scientific and philosophical grounds.

What are the masses of elementary particles?

Nature ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 332 (6164) ◽  
pp. 495-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. GOOD
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particles ◽  
The Masses

On Some Physical Properties of a Unified Lepton-Hadron Field Model with Composte Bosons

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Permutation Group ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Intrinsic Parity ◽  
Pseudo Color

In preceding papers a lepton-hadron unified field model was introduced by means of a third order nonlinear spinorfield equation. In this paper an improved interpretation to this model is given which tries to incorporate the advantages of various current matter models and to avoid their drawbacks. In particular charge and lepton number are introduced, while the extended unstable baryon states are distinguished from lepton states by an intrinsic parity. A theorem is derived which allows a biunique decomposition of the nonlinear higher order spinorfield equation into nonlinear first order spinorfield equations and the simultaneous introduction of a permutation group of the subfields. These subfields are identified as pseudo-color fields.

scholarly journals Examples of enhanced quantization: Bosons, fermions and anyons

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (22) ◽  
pp. 1450119
Author(s):  
T. C. Adorno ◽  
J. R. Klauder
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Coherent States ◽  
Canonical Quantization ◽  
Action Functional ◽  
Classical Action ◽  
Unitary Transformations ◽  
Classical Quantum ◽  
Quantum Action ◽  
Space Vectors ◽  
Gaussian Vectors

Enhanced quantization offers a different classical/quantum connection than that of canonical quantization in which ℏ > 0 throughout. This result arises when the only allowed Hilbert space vectors allowed in the quantum action functional are coherent states, which leads to the classical action functional augmented by additional terms of order ℏ. Canonical coherent states are defined by unitary transformations of a fixed, fiducial vector. While Gaussian vectors are commonly used as fiducial vectors, they cannot be used for all systems. We focus on choosing fiducial vectors for several systems including bosons, fermions and anyons.

Dynamical variables in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism

1955 ◽  
Vol 233 (1193) ◽  
pp. 248-266 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Element ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Dynamical Variable ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Scattering States ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Masses

It is shown that a knowledge of the behaviour of the propagators around their singularities enables one to determine not only the masses of bound states, but also the matrix element of any dynamical variable between two bound states. One is thus enabled to find such a matrix element, to any order in the coupling constant, by the integration of certain expressions over the corresponding Bethe-Salpeter wave-functions. As a consequence, it is possible to find normalization and orthogonality properties of these wave-functions, which in turn lead to the condition which must be imposed on their singularities a t the origin. More light is thus shed on Goldstein’s difficulty concerning the existence of a continuous infinity of bound states. The formalism is extended to scattering states in which some of the particles may be composite—in particular, an expression for the S -matrix is obtained

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