The Exocrinology of the Queen Bumble Bee Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Hefetz ◽  
Timo Taghizadehr ◽  
Wittko Francke
Keyword(s):  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Exocrine Glands ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Methyl Ketones ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Glands ◽  
Tarsal Glands ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract Chemical analyses are presented of prominent exocrine glands of queen Bombus terrestris including mandibular, labial and hypopharyngeal glands in the head, Dufour’s gland and tarsal glands. A plethora of about 500 substances were identified belonging to various ali­phatic compounds including hydrocarbons, various classes of esters, alcohols, methyl ketones and fatty acids. A group of chiral hydroxy acids and their butanoic acid esters are reported for the first time in bees.

α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Docking Studies of 5-Deoxyflavonols and Dihydroflavonols Isolated from Abutilon pakistanicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 1857-1866
Author(s):  
Munawar Hussain ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Shamsun N. Khan ◽  
Syed A. A. Shah ◽  
Rizwana Razi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phenol Moiety

Three new 5-deoxyflavonoid and dihydroflavonoids 2, 3 and 4 have been isolated from the methanolic extract of Abutioln pakistanicum aerial parts, for which structures were elucidated explicitly by extensive MS- and NMR-experiments. In addition to these, 3,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxy flavonol (1) is reported for the first time from Abutioln pakistanicum. Compound 2 and 4 are p-coumaric acid esters while compounds 2–4 exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Docking studies indicated that the ability of flavonoids 2, 3 and 4 to form multiple hydrogen bonds with catalytically important residues is decisive hence is responsible for the inhibition activity. The docking results signified the observed in-vitro activity quite well which is in accordance with previously obtained conclusion that phenol moiety and hydroxyl group are critical for the inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme.

scholarly journals Olfactory coding in the antennal lobe of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Mertes ◽  
Julie Carcaud ◽  
Jean-Christophe Sandoz
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Olfactory Coding ◽  
Major Transitions

AbstractSociality is classified as one of the major transitions in evolution, with the largest number of eusocial species found in the insect order Hymenoptera, including the Apini (honey bees) and the Bombini (bumble bees). Bumble bees and honey bees not only differ in their social organization and foraging strategies, but comparative analyses of their genomes demonstrated that bumble bees have a slightly less diverse family of olfactory receptors than honey bees, suggesting that their olfactory abilities have adapted to different social and/or ecological conditions. However, unfortunately, no precise comparison of olfactory coding has been performed so far between honey bees and bumble bees, and little is known about the rules underlying olfactory coding in the bumble bee brain. In this study, we used in vivo calcium imaging to study olfactory coding of a panel of floral odorants in the antennal lobe of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Our results show that odorants induce reproducible neuronal activity in the bumble bee antennal lobe. Each odorant evokes a different glomerular activity pattern revealing this molecule’s chemical structure, i.e. its carbon chain length and functional group. In addition, pairwise similarity among odor representations are conserved in bumble bees and honey bees. This study thus suggests that bumble bees, like honey bees, are equipped to respond to odorants according to their chemical features.

Parasitic larvae in Bombus terrestris

Parasitology ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Legge
Keyword(s):  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Bumble Bee

I wish to record some unidentified parasites, from the abdominal cavity of a Queen Bumble-bee (Bombus terrestris).

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Catalytic Synthesis of Bio-Based Copolymers from Waste Cooking Oil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahrzadi Noureen Shahi ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Aman Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acid Esters

Solvent free copolymerization of epoxides derived from fatty acid esters of waste cooking oil with phthalic anhydride using (salen)CrIII Cl as catalyst and n-Bu4NCl/DMAP as co-catalyst was carried out for the first time under microwave irradiation, where reaction time was reduced from number of hours to minutes. The polyesters were obtained with molecular weight (Mw = 3084-6740 g/mol) and dispersity values (D = 1.18-1.92), when (salen)CrIII Cl/n-Bu4NCl was used as catalysts. While in case of DMAP as a co-catalyst, polyesters with improved molecular weight (Mw = 5537-6925 g/mol) and narrow dispersity values (D = 1.07-1.28) were obtained even at reduced concentrations of (salen)CrIII Cl and DMAP. The obtained products were characterized and evaluated by attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Techniques.

First Complete Genome of Lake Sinai Virus Lineage 3 and Genetic Diversity of Lake Sinai Virus Strains From Honey Bees and Bumble Bees

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Šimenc ◽  
Urška Kuhar ◽  
Urška Jamnikar-Ciglenečki ◽  
Ivan Toplak
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Genome Region ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
First Time

Abstract The complete genome of Lake Sinai virus 3 (LSV3) was sequenced by the Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology from an archive sample of honey bees collected in 2010. This strain M92/2010 is the first complete genome sequence of LSV lineage 3. From October 2016 to December 2017, 56 honey bee samples from 32 different locations and 41 bumble bee samples from five different locations were collected. These samples were tested using a specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method; 75.92% of honey bee samples and 17.07% of bumble bee samples were LSV-positive with the RT-PCR method. Phylogenetic comparison of 557-base pair-long RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genome region of selected 23 positive samples of honey bees and three positive bumble bee samples identified three different LSV lineages: LSV1, LSV2, and LSV3. The LSV3 lineage was confirmed for the first time in Slovenia in 2010, and the same strain was later detected in several locations within the country. The LSV strains detected in bumble bees are from 98.6 to 99.4% identical to LSV strains detected among honey bees in the same territory.

‘We must send you a sample’—a Persian–European dialogue: insights into late nineteenth-century ceramic technology based on chemical analysis of tiles from the Ettehadieh house complex, Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moujan Matin ◽  
Mohammad Gholamnejad ◽  
Ali Nemati Abkenar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Technological Information ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
First Time

This paper focuses on the production technology of late nineteenth-century tiles from the Ettehadieh House Complex in Tehran, Iran. It makes use of the opportunity to provide for the first time the results of chemical and microstructural analyses of late nineteenth-century tiles selected directly from context and with known provenance. The paper integrates the results of chemical study of the Ettehadieh tiles with other available technological information on nineteenth-century Persian tiles, including chemical analyses of signed tiles and samples of pigments, as well as the study of the treatise of a certain Persian potter, ‘Ali Mohammad Isfahani, to suggest processes of materials procurement and manufacture. These processes are used as evidence to discuss trade and technological interactions between Iran and Europe in the nineteenth century.

Potash-trachytes and ultra-potassic rocks associated with the carbonatite complex of the Toror Hills, Uganda

1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (270) ◽  
pp. 363-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Close Similarity ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Potash Feldspar ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
Modes Of Occurrence ◽  
First Time ◽  
Potassic Rocks ◽  
Eastern Uganda

SummaryRocks containing a high percentage of potash feldspar are described for the first time from the Toror Hills in the Karamoja district of eastern Uganda. They include feldspathic fenites, intrusive feldspathic fenite-breccias, potashtrachytes, and orthoclasites. Petrographic data and chemical analyses show the close similarity in composition of these rocks despite their widely differing textures and modes of occurrence. The potash metasomatism associated with the emplacement of carbonatite, and the subsequent mobilization of these feldspathic fenites are compared with similar phenomena observed at other carbonatite centres. The problem of the mechanism of mobilization is discussed.

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