Superoxide Production by Phagocytes in Myeloid Graffi Tumor-Bearing Hamsters

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petia A. Dimitrova ◽  
Reneta A Toshkova ◽  
Emilia H. Ivanova ◽  
Zvetanka H. Stefanova ◽  
Maria B. Angelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Superoxide Anions ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Tumor Transplantation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Humicola Lutea

Abstract A progressive suppression of the phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclears (PMNs) in hamsters with transplanted myeloid tumors was previously established. The i.p. application of Cu/Zn SOD, isolated from the fungal strain Humicola lutea (HLSOD) (2 injections before and 5 injections after tumor transplantation) induced the mean survival time of the animals as well as a temporally stimulating action on the macrophage and PMNs phagocyting indices. In the present work, the superoxide production of peritoneal macrophages and PMNs during 30 days of tumor progression was followed. Effects of the application of HLSOD in an optimal protective dose on the superoxide production in peritoneal macrophages and blood PMNs were examined. The spontaneous and phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA)-inducible O2- production in both types of phagocytes was 4-5- fold increased in tumor-bearing hamsters (TBH), as compared to the controls, at day 14 after tumor transplantation (the day of tumor appearance in transplanted animals). Furthermore, O2- production was also similar to the control values for the following days of observation.HLSOD treatment of TBH induced a normalization of superoxide production in macrophages and PMNs. Therefore, the established decrease of superoxide anions in phagocyting cells of TBH indicates possible effects of HLSOD on the host antioxidant defense.

Effect of Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase from the Fungal Strain Humicola lutea 103 on Antioxidant Defense of Graffi Tumor-Bearing Hamsters

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Ivanova ◽  
Maria Angelova ◽  
Ludmila Slokoska ◽  
Svetlana Pashova ◽  
Reneta Toshkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Humicola Lutea

A novel Cu/Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD) was isolated from the fungal strain Humicola lutea 103. Previously, a protective effect of this enzyme (HLSOD) against tumor growth and also superoxide production in Graffi tumor-bearing hamsters (TBH) were established. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HLSOD on the activity of endogenous SOD and catalase in the cells from TBH during tumor progression. Our results point out that transplantation of Graffi tumor causes a significant decrease in SOD activity in the cells from liver of the hosts (from 35 to 59% compared to the control). In the tumor cells relatively low levels of SOD (about 7 U mg protein-1) were found, and Cu/ZnSOD was the main isoenzyme in total SOD activity. Tumor growth resulted in a reduction of catalase activity, which correlated with the process of tumor progression. A single dose (65 U) treatment with HLSOD caused an increase in endogenous SOD and catalase activity in healthy animals and resulted in restoration of the antioxidant ability in liver cells of the hosts at the early stage of tumor progression. The results show the possible participation of HLSOD in the host oxidant-antioxidant balance, which is probably one of the factors of its immunoprotective action established earlier.

Effects of Repeated Injections of Rabbit Anti-mouse Lymphocyte Serum on Tumors Induced in Mice by 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene Given at Birth.

1973 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo D. Baroni ◽  
Roberto Scelsi ◽  
Laura Peronace ◽  
Stefania Uccini ◽  
Anna Cavallero
Keyword(s):  
Latency Period ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Mouse Lymphocyte ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
The Mean

The present paper describes the effects of repeated administration of rabbit anti-mouse lymphocyte serum (ALS) or normal rabbit serum (NRS) on tumors induced in Charles–River mice by 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) given at birth. ALS or NRS were given at the same time of DMBA administration and subsequently at weekly intervals for the first 10 weeks of life or at daily intervals for 7 days during the first, second, third or fourth week of life. Incidence, latency, diffusion and histology of the tumors were studied. It was found that either chronic administration of ALS or treatment of very young mice with the serum, greatly reduced the mean survival time of mice, markedly increased the number of tumor bearing mice and the incidence of all histological types of tumors, and decreased their latency period. Administration of ALS in the other experimental groups gave results essentially similar to those observed in DMBA control and NRS treated mice.

Platelet Suruival and Function in Rats with Enhanced Thrombotic Tendency

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Delaini ◽  
Elisabetta Dejana ◽  
Ine Reyers ◽  
Elisa Vicenzi ◽  
Germana De Bellis Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Function ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

SummaryWe have investigated the relevance of some laboratory tests of platelet function in predicting conditions of thrombotic tendency. For this purpose, we studied platelet survival, platelet aggregation in response to different stimuli, TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα production in serum of rats bearing a nephrotic syndrome induced by adriamycin. These animals show a heavy predisposition to the development of both arterial and venous thrombosis. The mean survival time was normal in nephrotic rats in comparison to controls. As to aggregation tests, a lower aggregating response was found in ADR-treated rats using ADP or collagen as stimulating agents. With arachidonic acid (AA) we observed similar aggregating responses at lower A A concentrations, whereas at higher AA concentrations a significantly lower response was found in nephrotic rats, despite their higher TxB2 production. Also TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα levels in serum of nephrotic rats were significantly higher than in controls. No consistent differences were found in PGI2-activity generated by vessels of control or nephrotic rats.These data show that platelet function may appear normal or even impaired in rats with a markedly increased thrombotic tendency. On the other hand, the significance of high TxB2 levels in connection with mechanisms leading to thrombus formation remains a controversial issue.

scholarly journals Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Carcinomas: A Retrospective Study of 14 Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Liming Gao ◽  
Yunxiao Meng ◽  
Wenwen Diao ◽  
Xiaoli Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Atypical Carcinoid ◽  
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Typical Carcinoid ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (LNECs) are rare and highly heterogeneous which present a wide spectrum of pathological and clinical manifestations. Fourteen patients with histologically demonstrated LNEC were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The 14 cases were classified into 3 subtypes: typical carcinoid in 2, atypical carcinoid in 5, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in 7. The mean survival time of the 14 patients in this study was 112.5 months (95% CI, 81.5–143.6). Surgeries were performed for 2 patients of typical carcinoid, and they were alive with no evidence of recurrence after 24 and 47 months of follow-ups. Patients in the atypical carcinoid group were treated with surgeries and postoperative radiotherapy. After 58.4 months of follow-ups (range: 9–144), 2 patients showed no evidence of disease and 1 was lost to follow-up after 72 months. The other 2 patients died of other unrelated diseases. In the small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma group, a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was applied. The mean survival time was 79.7 months (95% CI, 37.9–121.4), and the 5-year survival rate was 53.6%. In conclusion, the clinical behaviors, treatment protocols, and prognosis are different for each subtype of LNECs.

Effect of Intravenous Iron in Experimental Traumatic Shock

1956 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-556
Author(s):  
Donn L. Smith ◽  
Irvin I. Kibbey ◽  
Max E. Bierwagen ◽  
J. R. Cruse
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean

Intravenous administration of colloidal saccharated iron oxide prior to intestinal traumatization in the albino rat resulted in a significant reduction of the mean survival time. Sodium gold thiosulfate and colloidal manganese hydroxide employed in the same manner did not significantly alter mean survival times. ACTH and cortisone did not modify the deleterious effects of iron in experimental traumatic shock. A decrease in soluble liver iron was observed when traumatization followed the injection of iron. It was concluded that the reduction of mean survival time in iron injected, traumatized animals was due to a specific action of iron and is not the result of generalized heavy metal toxicity.

A multidisciplinary team approach to skull base chondrosarcomas

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Alan Crockard ◽  
Anthony Cheeseman ◽  
Timothy Steel ◽  
Tamas Revesz ◽  
Janice L. Holton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Slow Progression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Skull Base Chordomas ◽  
Skull Base Chordoma ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors review their experience with treating skull base chondrosarcomas, which are much rarer than skull base chordomas and differ from them in prognosis and treatment. Methods. Seventeen patients (12 male and five female patients) with histologically verified chondrosarcomas were followed up prospectively over a 12-year period. The mean age at presentation was 35.9 years. Most patients presented with cranial nerve palsies. Seven had undergone surgery prior to referral to the authors' unit. All underwent maximum surgical cytoreduction by the most direct surgical approach; only the two patients harboring the mesenchymal variant underwent radiotherapy. Conclusions. One patient died of a pulmonary embolus; the patients harboring mesenchymal chondrosarcomas died at 20 and 36 months, respectively, after treatment. Of the remaining patients, 93% were alive 5 years postsurgery and had a projected 10-year survival rate of 84% (mean survival time 9.3 years). These data emphasize the very slow progression of this tumor compared with skull base chordoma.

Immunoprotective Effect of Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase on Myeloid Graffi Tumor-Bearing Hamsters

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reneta A. Toshkova ◽  
Petia A. Dimitrova ◽  
Emilia H. Ivanova ◽  
Pavlina A. Dolashka ◽  
Maria B. Angelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Tumor Bearing

Abstract Investigation on the immunoprotective activity of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase from Humicola lutea 103 AL (HLSOD) in hamsters with transplanted myeloid tumor was performed. Survivability, tumor growth and tumor transplantability were followed. The immune status of tumor-bearing animals, injected with the optimal protective HLSOD dose, was examined during 27 days after tumor transplantation by the following parameters: (i) the number, migration and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, (ii) the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), (iii) the responsibility in vitro of spleen lymphocytes to T and B cell mitogens. It was established that intraperitoneal inoculation of HLSOD produced a protective effect on the development of tumors. Elongation of the latent time for tumor appearance and inhibition of the tumor growth were observed. The decreased percentage of mortality in early stage of tumor progression was established. Immunological studies on tumor-bearing hamsters (TBH) induced a tem porary immunorestoring effect on the suppressed phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages and blood PMNs during the first 14 days of tumor development. Moreover, HLSOD showed an expressed stimulating effect on proliferative activity in vitro of spleen B lymphocytes from healthy and TBH as well. The immunorestoring and protective effect of the enzyme was probably due to improve of the oxidant-antioxidant balance in peritoneal phagocytes. The tem porary character of the effect can be explained with the interference of immunosuppressing factors produced by tumor tissue as well as by the presence of tumor antigens, tumor cells and antigen-antibody complexes in the circulation.

scholarly journals Big End Double-Layer Stents for the Treatment of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Stomach Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ding Shi ◽  
Dong Wu ◽  
Yongpan Liu ◽  
Feng Ji ◽  
Yinsu Bao
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Distal Gastric Cancer ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of the big end double-layer uncovered self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) caused by distal stomach cancer.Methods. Seventy three patients receiving big end double-layer uncovered SEMS for the treatment of GOO caused by distal gastric cancer will be included in this multicenter prospective clinical trial. The main outcome measures included the functional outcome, the complications, the reinterventional rates, the average treatment charges, and the mean survival time. Monthly telephone calls were needed to assess the food intake until the patients died.Results. The technical and the clinical success rates were 98.6%. The stent obstruction caused by tumor ingrowth was observed in one patient (1.4%). The incidence of food impaction was 2.9% (2/70) and the reinterventional rate was 4.3% (3/70). However, stent migration and obstruction caused by overgrowth were not observed. No perforation and severe bleeding were observed. The median cost of endoscopic stenting and total hospitalization (including reinterventions) for the big end double-layer uncovered SEMS in this study was $2945 and $3408, respectively. The mean survival time was 212.5 days.Conclusions. The placement of big end double-layer uncovered SEMS is a safe and effective modality and has the potential to be one of the options for the treatment of GOO caused by the distal gastric cancer.

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