scholarly journals Effects of an Upper-Body Training Program Involving Resistance Exercise and High-Intensity Arm Cranking on Peak Handcycling Performance and Wheelchair Propulsion Efficiency in Able-Bodied Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 2267-2275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhissanuvach Chaikhot ◽  
Katherine Reed ◽  
Wannakarn Petroongrad ◽  
Fotios Athanasiou ◽  
Daan van Kooten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Training Program ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Wheelchair Propulsion ◽  
Arm Cranking ◽  
Propulsion Efficiency

Effects of High-Intensity Endurance and Resistance Exercise on HIV Metabolic Abnormalities: A Pilot Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Patrick Robinson ◽  
Lauretta T. Quinn ◽  
James H. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Training Program ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Electron Beam Tomography ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The purposes of this pilot study were to examine the effects of a 16-week supervised high-intensity combined endurance and resistance exercise training program on HIV-associated metabolic abnormalities (abdominal adiposity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance) and to explore methodological issues related to the design and implementation of the research protocol in preparation for a randomized controlled trial. A one-group pretest-posttest design was used, with outcomes measured at baseline and within 1 week after the conclusion of the training program. The exercise program consisted of 16 weeks (preceded by a 2-week phase-in period) of three endurance sessions (20 min at 70%-80% of VO 2max) and two resistance sessions per week (one set of 8-10 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum on seven exercises). Outcome measures included lipid levels (total, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides), visceral and subcutaneous adipose area measured by electron beam tomography, fat and lean mass of trunk and limbs measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and insulin sensitivity measured by the homeostatic model assessment. Nine participants were recruited, 5 of whom completed the intervention and had pretest and posttest data available for analyses. Aerobic capacity and strength improved over the course of the intervention. Statistically significant decreases were found for total and trunk fat mass (1,324.9 g [± 733.6] and 992.8 g [± 733.6], respectively). Triglycerides decreased by 59 mg/dL (± 69.88), and insulin sensitivity decreased by 15.7% (± 41.7%), neither of which was a statistically significant change. Results suggest that further testing of the combined exercise intervention in a randomized controlled design is warranted.

scholarly journals Short-Time β-Alanine Supplementation on the Acute Strength Performance after High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise in Recreationally Trained Men

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Conrado Freitas ◽  
Jason Cholewa ◽  
Valéria Panissa ◽  
Giovanni Quizzini ◽  
João Vitor de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Training Program ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Leg Press

(1) Background: We investigated the effects of 28 days of beta-alanine (β-alanine) supplementation on the acute interference effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) on lower-body resistance exercise performance, body composition, and strength when combined with a resistance training program. (2) Methods: Twenty-two males were randomized into: β-alanine supplementation (6.4 g/day) or placebo (6.4 g/day maltodextrin) during 28 days. Total body water, intracellular and extracellular water, fat-free mass (FFM), and fat mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Participants performed 5000-m HIIE (1:1 effort and rest ratio) followed by resistance exercise (four sets of 80% at 45° leg press until muscular failure) at baseline and after 28 days. The resistance training program consisted of three sets of 10 to 12 RM with 90 s of rest, four days per week. (3) Results: For the post-HIIE leg press volume, higher values were observed post-training than pre-training, but no group x time interaction was observed. There was a non-significant trend for an interaction in the FFM change (β-alanine = 2.8% versus placebo = 1.0%, p = 0.072). (4) Conclusion: Twenty-eight days of β-alanine supplementation did not prevent acute strength loss during resistance exercise after high-intensity interval exercise, nor increase strength or hypertrophic adaptations associated with resistance training.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a 16-Week High-Intensity Cardioresistance Training Program in Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2528-2541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina A. Greenlee ◽  
Daniel R. Greene ◽  
Nathan J. Ward ◽  
Ginger E. Reeser ◽  
Courtney M. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
High Intensity

Exercise Order Interacts With Rest Interval During Upper-Body Resistance Exercise

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1573-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Miranda ◽  
Roberto Simão ◽  
PatrÍcia dos Santos Vigário ◽  
Belmiro Freitas de Salles ◽  
Marcos TT Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Body Resistance

Regional changes in capillary supply in skeletal muscle of high-intensity endurance-trained rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gute ◽  
C. Fraga ◽  
M. H. Laughlin ◽  
J. F. Amann
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Capillary Supply

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that an endurance training program designed to produce recruitment of all extensor muscle fiber types during each exercise bout would stimulate capillary angiogenesis throughout rat gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exercise trained 5 days/wk for 12–14 wk with exercise bouts consisting of a combination of high intensity (32 m/min on a 15% incline) and long duration (90 min/day). On completion of high-intensity endurance training (HIET) or cage activity [sedentary (Sed)], rat hindquarters were vascularly isolated and perfusion fixed with a modified Karnovsky's fixative. Capillary supply was measured in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles by using Olympus Cue 2 image-analyzer software. Capillary supply was reflected in measurements of capillary-to-fiber ratio, capillary numerical density, capillary surface area density, and capillary volume density on transversely cut tissue sections. HIET increased citrate synthase activity by 20 and 42% in the medial and long heads of the triceps brachii, respectively. Sarcomere lengths were similar in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of Sed and HIET rats after fixation. All four indexes of capillary supply were significantly greater throughout the gastrocnemius muscle of HIET rats compared with Sed values. The relative increase in capillarity was greater in white than in red gastrocnemius muscle of HIET rats. HIET also increased capillary supply of soleus muscle. However, only capillary numerical density was statistically greater (19%) in HIET soleus compared with Sed. These results support the hypothesis that this training program would produce an increase in capillary supply in all extensor muscles.

Rating Perceived Exertion during Short Duration, Very High Intensity Cycle Exercise

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall F. Gearhart ◽  
M. Daniel Becque ◽  
Chad M. Palm ◽  
Matthew D. Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cycle Exercise ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Very High

This study compared undifferentiated ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during short duration, very high intensity cycle exercise using high and low resistance. 30 recreationally trained males (24.2 ± 2.4 yr.) were memory-anchored to the Borg 15-category scale. The high and low resistance exercises were defined by 30-sec. maximum tests assigned in counterbalanced order, with resistances set before testing during an orientation session. High resistance was 10% of body mass. Low resistance resulted in the same total work as the high resistance over the 30-sec. sessions (± 5%) but increased pedal rate. RPE was taken at 8, 13, 18, 23, and 28 sec. during the high and the low resistance exercises. Measurements were compared using a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. RPE was significantly greater ( p = .005) for the high than the low resistance exercise at each interval. RPE increased when the subjects were required to pedal against a greater resistance and produce the highest forces. These RPE data are consistent with data from both aerobic cycle and resistance exercise. The data suggest that instantaneous force production, not summed work, is a primary determinant of RPE. All of these observations support Cafarelli's theoretical model of effort sense. In conclusion, as an individual generates more force during high resistance exercise than in light resistance exercise, a potential explanation of our results is that the increased motor outflow and corollary sensory signal lead to a greater sense of effort.

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