scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DO PRIMING GRAFO-FÔNICO-FONOLÓGICO EM UMA TAREFA DE DECISÃO LEXICAL EM MULTILÍNGUES FALANTES DE PORTUGUÊS (L1), INGLÊS (L2) E FRANCÊS (L3)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Aline Behling Duarte ◽  
Cintia Ávila Blank
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Priming

Este artigo discute a influência do priming grafo-fônico-fonológico na execução de uma tarefa de decisão lexical realizada por multilíngues. Nesse sentido, buscou-se verificar se semelhanças grafo-fônico-fonológicas entre palavras das línguas estudadas (português, inglês e francês) influenciariam o tempo de reação na tarefa. Com o auxílio do software E-Prime 2.0, foi elaborado um experimento que contou com 90 pares de palavras, das quais metade apresentava supostas semelhanças grafo-fônico-fonológicas entre si, enquanto a outra metade não apresentava tais similaridades. Considerando a Hipótese de Seleção Não-Específica (CONKLIN; MAUNER, 2005), defendeu-se que as supostas semelhanças grafo-fônico-fonológicas entre as línguas promoveriam a ativação de correspondências grafo-fônico-fonológicas distintas, acarretando uma maior competição lexical entre os itens investigados, evidenciada no aumento dos tempos de reação (MACWHINNEY, 2005). Os resultados encontrados indicaram que os tempos de reação foram maiores para os itens que apresentavam as semelhanças grafo-fônico-fonológicas entre prime e palavra-alvo, o que parece apontar para uma possível influência dos níveis de proficiência em cada uma das línguas dos participantes nesses resultados.Palavras-chave: Acesso lexical; priming; influência grafo-fônico-fonológica; multilinguismo; níveis de proficiência.

Sensitivity to distributional properties of the orthography in the spelling of Italian children with dyslexia

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182199892
Author(s):  
Chiara Valeria Marinelli ◽  
Marika Iaia ◽  
Cristina Burani ◽  
Paola Angelelli
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Lexical Priming ◽  
Distributional Properties ◽  
Developing Readers ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Italian Children

The study examines statistical learning in the spelling of Italian children with dyslexia and typically developing readers by studying their sensitivity to probabilistic cues in phoneme-grapheme mappings. In the first experiment children spelled to dictation regular words and words with unpredictable spelling that contained either a high- or a low-frequency (i.e., typical or atypical) sound-spelling mappings. Children with dyslexia were found to rely on probabilistic cues in writing stimuli with unpredictable spelling to a greater extent than typically developing children. The difficulties of children with dyslexia on words with unpredictable spelling were limited to those containing atypical mappings. In the second experiment children spelled new stimuli, that is, pseudowords, containing phonological segments with unpredictable mappings. The interaction between lexical knowledge and reliance on probabilistic cues was examined through a lexical priming paradigm in which pseudowords were primed by words containing related typical or atypical sound-to-spelling mappings. In spelling pseudowords, children with dyslexia showed sensitivity to probabilistic cues in the phoneme-to-grapheme mapping but lexical priming effects were also found, although to a smaller extent than in typically developing readers. The results suggest that children with dyslexia have a limited orthographic lexicon but are able to extract regularities from the orthographic system and rely on probabilistic cues in spelling words and pseudowords.

Lexical and sentential priming in competition: Implications for two-stage theories of lexical access

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTURO E. HERNANDEZ ◽  
CHRISTINE FENNEMA-NOTESTINE ◽  
CARE UDELL ◽  
ELIZABETH BATES
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Access ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Unrelated Word ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Sentential Context ◽  
Lexical Priming ◽  
Priming Word ◽  
Stage Theories

This article presents a new method that can compare lexical priming (word–word) and sentential priming (sentence–word) directly within a single paradigm. We show that it can be used to address modular theories of word comprehension, which propose that the effects of sentence context occur after lexical access has taken place. Although lexical priming and sentential priming each occur very quickly in time, there should be a brief time window in which the former is present but the latter is absent. Lexical and sentential priming of unambiguous words were evaluated together, in competing and converging combinations, using time windows designed to detect an early stage where lexical priming is observed but sentential priming is not. Related and unrelated word pairs were presented visually, in rapid succession, within auditory sentence contexts that were either compatible or incompatible with the target (the second word in each pair). In lexical decision, the additive effects of lexical priming and sentential priming were present under all temporal conditions, although the latter was always substantially larger. In cross-modal naming, sentential priming was present in all temporal conditions; lexical priming was more fragile, interacting with timing and sentential congruence. No evidence was found for a stage in which lexical priming is present but sentential priming is absent – a finding that is difficult to reconcile with two-stage models of lexical versus sentential priming. We conclude that sentential context operates very early in the process of word recognition, and that it can interact with lexical priming at the earliest time window.

The asymmetric contribution of consonants and vowels to phonological similarity

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Turnbull ◽  
Sharon Peperkamp
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Phonological Similarity ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Lexical Priming ◽  
Precise Nature ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision ◽  
Unrelated Condition

Abstract Lexical priming is known to arise from phonological similarity between prime and target, and this phenomenon is an important component of our understanding of the processes of lexical access and competition. However, the precise nature of the role of phonological similarity in lexical priming is understudied. In the present study, two experiments were conducted in which participants performed auditory lexical decision on CVC targets which were preceded by primes that either matched the target in all phonemes (CVC condition), in the first two phonemes (CV_ condition), the last two phonemes (_VC condition), the initial and last phonemes (C_C condition) or no phonemes (unrelated condition). Relative to the unrelated condition, all conditions except CV_ led to facilitation of response time to target words. The _VC and C_C conditions led to equivalent facilitation magnitude, while the CV_ condition showed neither facilitation nor inhibition. Accounting for these results requires appeal to processes of lexical competition and also to the notion that phonemes do not lend equivalent phonological similarity; that is, vowels and consonants are processed differently.

Lexical priming in humorous satirical newspaper headlines

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Skalicky
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
American English ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Lexical Priming ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge ◽  
Do So

Abstract Satire is a type of discourse commonly employed to mock or criticize a satirical target, typically resulting in humor. Current understandings of satire place strong emphasis on the role that background and pragmatic knowledge play during satire recognition. However, there may also be specific linguistic cues that signal a satirical intent. Researchers using corpus linguistic methods, specifically Lexical Priming, have demonstrated that other types of creative language use, such as irony, puns, and verbal jokes, purposefully deviate from expected language patterns (e.g. collocations). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether humorous satirical headlines also subvert typical linguistic patterns using the theory of Lexical Priming. In order to do so, a corpus of newspaper headlines taken from the satirical American newspaper The Onion are analyzed and compared to a generalized corpus of American English. Results of this analysis suggest satirical headlines exploit linguistic expectations through the use of low-frequency collocations and semantic preferences, but also contain higher discourse and genre level deviations that cannot be captured in the surface level linguistic features of the headlines.

Lexical Priming

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael Hoey ◽  
Katie Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Priming
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