scholarly journals Dissociated Gender-Specific Effects of Recurrent Seizures on GABA Signaling in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons: Role of GABAA Receptors

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1557-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Galanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Gabaa Receptors ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Gaba Signaling ◽  
Gender Specific

scholarly journals When it Comes to GABAergic Responses and Neonatal Seizures—Sex Matters!

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl E. Stafstrom
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures

Dissociated Gender-Specific Effects of Recurrent Seizures on GABA Signaling in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons: Role of GABAA Receptors. Galanopoulou AS. J Neurosci 2008;28(7):1557–1567. Early in development, the depolarizing GABAAergic signaling is needed for normal neuronal differentiation. It is shown here that hyperpolarizing reversal potentials of GABAAergic post-synaptic currents ( EGABA) appear earlier in female than in male rat CA1 pyramidal neurons because of increased potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) expression and decreased bumetanide-sensitive chloride transport in females. Three episodes of neonatal kainic acid-induced status epilepticus (3KA-SE), each elicited at postnatal days 4 (P4)–P6, reverse the direction of GABAAergic responses in both sexes. In males, 3KA-SE trigger a premature appearance of hyperpolarizing GABAAergic signaling at P9, instead of P14. This is driven by an increase in KCC2 expression and decrease in bumetanide-sensitive chloride cotransport. In 3KA-SE females, EGABA transiently becomes depolarizing at P8–P13 because of increase in the activity of a bumetanide-sensitive NKCC1 (sodium potassium chloride cotransporter 1)-like chloride cotransporter. However, females regain their hyperpolarizing GABAAergic signaling at P14 and do not manifest spontaneous seizures in adulthood. In maternally separated stressed controls, a hyperpolarizing shift in EGABA was observed in both sexes, associated with decreased bumetanide-sensitive chloride cotransport, whereas KCC2 immunoreactivity was increased in males only. GABAA receptor blockade at the time of 3KA-SE or maternal separation reversed their effects on EGABA. These data suggest that the direction of GABAA-receptor signaling may be a determining factor for the age- and sex-specific effects of prolonged seizures in the hippocampus, because they relate to normal brain development and possibly epileptogenesis. These effects differ from the consequences of severe stress.

scholarly journals Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons ofMecp2Mutant Mice Show a Dendritic Spine Phenotype Only in the Presymptomatic Stage

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Chapleau ◽  
Elena Maria Boggio ◽  
Gaston Calfa ◽  
Alan K. Percy ◽  
Maurizio Giustetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Dendritic Spine Density ◽  
Presymptomatic Stage ◽  
Deficient Mice

Alterations in dendritic spines have been documented in numerous neurodevelopmental disorders, including Rett Syndrome (RTT). RTT, an X chromosome-linked disorder associated with mutations inMECP2, is the leading cause of intellectual disabilities in women. Neurons inMecp2-deficient mice show lower dendritic spine density in several brain regions. To better understand the role of MeCP2 on excitatory spine synapses, we analyzed dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus ofMecp2tm1.1Jaemale mutant mice by either confocal microscopy or electron microscopy (EM). At postnatal-day 7 (P7), well before the onset of RTT-like symptoms, CA1 pyramidal neurons from mutant mice showed lower dendritic spine density than those from wildtype littermates. On the other hand, at P15 or later showing characteristic RTT-like symptoms, dendritic spine density did not differ between mutant and wildtype neurons. Consistently, stereological analyses at the EM level revealed similar densities of asymmetric spine synapses in CA1stratum radiatumof symptomatic mutant and wildtype littermates. These results raise caution regarding the use of dendritic spine density in hippocampal neurons as a phenotypic endpoint for the evaluation of therapeutic interventions in symptomaticMecp2-deficient mice. However, they underscore the potential role of MeCP2 in the maintenance of excitatory spine synapses.

The catecholamine response to spaceflight: role of diet and gender

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (3) ◽  
pp. E500-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Stein ◽  
C. E. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Catecholamine Excretion ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Catecholamine Response ◽  
Fluid Shifts ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Do So

Compared with men, women appear to have a decreased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) response to stress. The two manifestations where the sexual dimorphism has been the most pronounced involve the response of the SNS to fluid shifts and fuel metabolism during exercise. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether a similar sexual dimorphism was found in the response to spaceflight. To do so, we compared catecholamine excretion by male and female astronauts from two similar shuttle missions, Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS1, 1991) and 2 (SLS2, 1993) for evidence of sexual dimorphism. To evaluate the variability of the catecholamine response in men, we compared catecholamine excretion from the two SLS missions against the 1996 Life and Microgravity Sciences Mission (LMS) and the 1973 Skylab missions. Results: No gender- or mission-dependent changes were found with epinephrine. Separating out the SLS1/2 data by gender shows that norepinephrine excretion was essentially unchanged with spaceflight in women (98 ± 10%; n = 3) and substantially decreased with the men (41 ± 9%; n= 4, P < 0.05). Data are a percentage of mean preflight value ± SE. Comparisons among males demonstrated significant mission effects on norepinephrine excretion. After flight, there was a transient increase in norepinephrine but no evidence of any gender-specific effects. We conclude that norepinephrine excretion during spaceflight is both mission and gender dependent. Men show the greater response, with at least three factors being involved, a response to microgravity, energy balance, and the ratio of carbohydrate to fat in the diet.

Role of low-voltage-activated calcium current and extracellular calcium in controlling the firing pattern of developing CA1 pyramidal neurons

Neuroscience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sánchez-Aguilera ◽  
José Luis Sánchez-Alonso ◽  
María Ángeles Vicente-Torres ◽  
Asunción Colino
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Current ◽  
Firing Pattern ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons

scholarly journals Role of Glycine Receptors in Glycine-Induced LTD in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1948-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Qing Chen ◽  
Shan-Hui Wang ◽  
Wen Yao ◽  
Jing-Jing Wang ◽  
Fang Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Glycine Receptors ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1

scholarly journals Strong Gender-Specific Additive Effects of the NYD-SP18 and FTO Variants on BMI Values

2015 ◽  
pp. S419-S426
Author(s):  
J. A. HUBACEK ◽  
D. DLOUHA ◽  
V. LANSKA ◽  
V. ADAMKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
P Values ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Significant Additive Effect ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Large Adult

The role of the FTO gene in obesity development is well established in populations around the world. The NYD-SP18 variant has been suggested to have a similar effect on BMI, but the role of this gene in determining BMI has not yet been verified. The objective of our study was to confirm the association between NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP and BMI in the Slavic population and to analyze i) the gender-specific effects of NYD-SP18 on BMI and ii) the simultaneous effect of FTO rs17817449 and NYD-SP18 on BMI. We analyzed a sample of a large adult population based on the post-MONICA study (1,191 males and 1,368 females). Individuals were analyzed three times over 9 years. NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP is related to BMI in males (2000/1 GG 28.3±3.7 kg/m2 vs. +A 27.5±3.7 kg/m2 P<0.0005; in other examinations P<0.05 and <0.005), but not in females (all P values over 0.48 in all three examinations). Further analysis revealed the significant additive effect (but not the interaction) of FTO and NYD-SP18 SNPs on BMI in males (all P<0.01). These results suggest that association between NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP and BMI may be restricted to males. Furthermore, variants within NYD-SP18 and FTO genes revealed a significant additive effect on BMI values in males.

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