Effects of Zinc Source and Level on Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Metabolic Hormone Concentrations of Growing and Finishing Lambs11The authors were supported by funds from the New Mexico Agric. Exp. Sta., Las Cruces. Appreciation is expressed to Zinpro Corp., Edina, MN, for partial financial support. We also acknowledge the National Hormone and Pituitary Program from supplying assay materials. Technical support was provided by M. Birch, B. Christensen, F. Schneider, A. Ortiz, K. Hayth, D. Graham, and B. Gardner.

Abstract Four hundred and thirty-two beef steers (346.3 ± 63.7 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of Zn source on feedlot cattle fed ractopamine hydrochloride. Cattle were blocked in groups of 54 by BW and housed in 48 pens containing 9 steers per pen. Pens within a weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with factors being: 1) 0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM fed during the final 29 days on feed; and 2) Zn source: 90 mg of supplemental Zn/kg DM from ZnSO4; Zn sulfate (67%) + Zn methionine (33%); and Zn from Zn hydroxychloride, fed through the entire feeding period. Cattle were fed a high concentrate finishing diet for 154 d and slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Average daily gain, DMI, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics were determined after slaughter. Zinc source had no impact on live animal performance. Cattle fed ractopamine HCl had greater (P < 0.01) final BW, greater (P < 0.001) ADG, improved (P < 0.001) G:F, heavier (P < 0.01) HCW, and larger (P < 0.05) longissimus muscle compared to non-ractopamine supplemented steers. There was a Zn source by ractopamine interaction (P < 0.01) for dressing percentage. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn hydroxychloride had a greater dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn sulfate had a lesser dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Additional Zn source by ractopamine HCl interactions were not significant. These data indicate that Zn source has minimal impacts on feedlot steer performance and carcass characteristics when supplemented to cattle receiving 0.0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM.

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Guessing the missing half of a geophysical field with blunt extension of discrete Universal Multifractal cascades

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-10550 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Auguste Gires ◽

Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia ◽

Daniel Schertzer

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Financial Support ◽

Space Time ◽

Rainfall Data ◽

Second Step ◽

Geophysical Field ◽

Geophysical Fields ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Common ◽

Partial Financial Support

Universal Multifractals have been widely used to characterize and simulate geophysical fields extremely variable over a wide range of scales such as rainfall. Despite strong limitations, notably its non-stationnarity, discrete cascades are often used to simulate such fields. Recently, blunt cascades have been introduced in 1D and 2D to cope with this issue while remaining in the simple framework of discrete cascades. It basically consists in geometrically interpolating over moving windows the multiplicative increments at each cascade steps.&#160;In this paper, we first suggest an extension of this blunt cascades to space-time processes. Multifractal expected behaviour is theoretically established and numerically confirmed. In a second step, a methodology to address the common issue of guessing the missing half of a field is developed using this framework. It basically consists in reconstructing the increments of the known portion of the field, and then stochastically simulating the ones for the new portion, while ensuring the blunting the increments on the portion joining the two parts of the fields. The approach is tested with time series, maps and in a space-time framework. Initial tests with rainfall data are presented.&#160;Authors acknowledge the RW-Turb project (supported by the French National Research Agency - ANR-19-CE05-0022), for partial financial support.

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