The Performance of Polyaluminium Chloride and Bentonite clay Coagulant in the Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride

Adsorption-Coagulation for the Decolorisation of Textile Dye Solutions

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sanghi ◽  
Bani Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Eriochrome Black T ◽  
Synthetic Dye ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride ◽  
Dye Solutions

Abstract Studies were undertaken for the removal of colour from different types of synthetic dye solutions by using powdered activated carbon (PAC) and bentonite clay (BC) as adsorbents. The different types of dyes (direct, mordant and basic) studied were Direct Orange, Eriochrome Black T and Malachite Green. The synthetic dye solutions behaved differently with the two adsorbents. The effect of adsorption by PAC and the further addition of a very small dose of a coagulant polyaluminium chloride (PAlC) on the settling and/or reuse of adsorbents used was studied. PAC and BC, though effective adsorbents, remained suspended in the solution for a long time. PAlC not only enhanced dye removal, but also formed a sludge that settled very quickly and which could also be reused effectively for dye removal.

Comparative Evaluation of Natural Polyelectrolytes Psyllium and Chitosan as Coagulant Aids for Decolourization of Dye Solutions

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sanghi ◽  
Bani Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Direct Dyes ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Minimal Dose ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride ◽  
Dye Solutions

Abstract The aqueous solutions of three different highly coloured anionic dyes (reactive, acidic and direct dyes), commonly used in the dyeing process, were studied for decolourization by coagulation. For optimum results the variables studied with polyaluminium chloride (PAC) were pH, dosage and temperature. Coagulation efficiencies of natural polyelectrolytes such as psyllium and chitosan alone or as coagulant aids in conjunction with PAC were studied and compared. In conjunction with a minimal dose of PAC, chitosan and psyllium were found to be very effective for the decolourization of acidic and direct dyes. Reactive dyes with anthraquinone chromophore were the most difficult to decolourize.

Improving the wear resistance of hoe blades by modifying of restoration coatings

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (94/4) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
T.S. Skoblo ◽  
I.N. Rybalko ◽  
A.V. Tihonov ◽  
T.V. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Surface Coating ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Magnetic Fraction ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Agricultural Machines ◽  
Modifying Additive

The possibility of using a non-magnetic fraction of a detonation charge with a diamond fraction from the disposal of ammunition to modify the restoration coatings of a natural product – clay and secondary raw materials — was studied. Four different coating variants were investigated. For this, a T-620 electrode was used with its additional modification by coating with bentonite clay, as well as with a non-magnetic fraction of the detonation charge and applying it in the form of a slip coating on the cutting surface of the cultivator. It is shown that the use of such additives allows to increase the resistance of the working tool of agricultural machines, reduces its tendency to damage due to the minimum penetration of the thin-walled product of the hoe blade and a decrease in the cross section of the transition layer and the level of stress. Each modifier makes changes to increase the microhardness to varying degrees. An increase in microhardness is observed on the surface of the coating and its gradual decrease to the transition layer. The surface coating with the additional introduction of bentonite clay in a liquid bath has the highest microhardness. Its microhardness varies from HV-50-1009.7 to HV-50-615.2. Similarly, the effect of the modifying additive of the detonation charge, the microhardness varies from HV-50-969.6 to HV-50-633.26. When clay or a mixture is introduced into the restoration coating, the wear resistance increases by 1.3 - 2 times with respect to the deposited surfacing only by the electrode and by 2 - 3 times to the initial material of the cultivator. It was found that the lowest coefficient is characteristic for dry friction, as well as for hydroabrasive, for samples with additional modification with clay or a detonation charge

Особенности стандартизации химических реагентов для подготовки питьевой воды (на примере коагулянта полиоксихлорида алюминия)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Samburskii ◽  
O. Ustinova ◽  
Svetlana, Leont’eva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Disperse Medium ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Uniform Assessment ◽  
Dissolved Form ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride

Распространенным технологическим приемом удаления из воды грубодисперсных примесей, находящихся во взвешенном состоянии, а также коллоидных органических загрязнений, присутствующих в растворенном виде, является процесс коагуляции. Эффективными коагулянтами для систем с водной дисперсионной средой являются соли поливалентных металлов. Цель работы заключалась в создании нового государственного стандарта, предназначенного для обеспечения единообразной оценки качества коагулянтов. Рассмотрена область применения коагулянтов в процессе водоподготовки и проведен их сравнительный анализ. Показана необходимость унификации в области процессов контроля качества коагулянтов. Сформулированы общие требования к контролю качества полиоксихлорида алюминия. Представлен разработанный и утвержденный новый национальный стандарт ГОСТ Р 58580-2019 Полиоксихлорид алюминия. Технические условия , который учитывает требования санитарного законодательства, технического регулирования, безопасности процессов производства и транспортировки полиоксихлорида алюминия.Coagulation process has been a widespread process technology for removing coarse suspended impurities from water, as well as colloidal organic contaminants present in dissolved form. Polyvalent metal salts are effective coagulants for the systems with aqueous disperse medium. The purpose of the work was developing a new state standard to provide for a uniform assessment of the quality of coagulants. The scope of coagulants in the process of water treatment is considered and their comparative analysis is carried out. The general requirements to the control of polyaluminium chloride quality are formulated. The developed and approved new national standard GOST R 58580-2019 Polyaluminium chloride. Technical conditions is presented that takes into account the requirements of sanitary legislation, technical regulation, safety of the processes of production and transportation of polyaluminium chloride.

The Effect Of Bentonite Clay Into The Epoxy Coating To Minimize Cathodic Disbonding

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagi Al Sahabi Issa Ali ◽  
Ashraf M. El Aiab
Keyword(s):  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Epoxy Coating
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