scholarly journals Implicit Preferences for Straight People over Lesbian Women and Gay Men Weakened from 2006 to 2013

Collabra ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin C. Westgate ◽  
Rachel G. Riskind ◽  
Brian A. Nosek
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
White Female ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Hispanic White

Legal rights and cultural attitudes towards lesbian women and gay men have shifted rapidly in the early 21st century. Using 683,976 visitors to Project Implicit from February 2006 to August 2013, we investigated whether shifts were also observable in implicit evaluations that occur outside of conscious awareness or control. Similar to public opinion polling, the estimated explicit preference for straight people over lesbian women and gay men was 26% weaker on the last day compared to the first. The estimated implicit preference for straight people declined by 13.4% over the same period. The largest shifts in implicit evaluations occurred among Hispanic, White, female, liberal, and young adult participants; the smallest shifts occurred among Black, Asian, male, conservative, and older adult participants. Societal change in evaluation of lesbian and gay people is not limited to what people are willing and able to report. However, change in implicit evaluation appears to be slower.

scholarly journals Implicit preferences for straight people over lesbian women and gay men weakened from 2006 to 2013

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Corwin Westgate ◽  
Rachel G. Riskind ◽  
Brian A. Nosek
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
White Female ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Hispanic White

Legal rights and cultural attitudes towards lesbian women and gay men have shifted rapidly in the early 21st century. Using 683,976 visitors to Project Implicit from February 2006 to August 2013, we investigated whether shifts were also observable in implicit evaluations that occur outside of conscious awareness or control. Similar to public opinion polling, the estimated explicit preference for straight people over lesbian women and gay men was 26% weaker on the last day compared to the first. The estimated implicit preference for straight people declined by 13.4% over the same period. The largest shifts in implicit evaluations occurred among Hispanic, White, female, liberal, and young adult participants; the smallest shifts occurred among Black, Asian, male, conservative, and older adult participants. Societal change in evaluation of lesbian and gay people is not limited to what people are willing and able to report. However, change in implicit evaluation appears to be slower.

Volunteering among Older Lesbian and Gay Adults: Associations with Mental, Physical and Social Well-Being

2020 ◽  
pp. 089826432095291
Author(s):  
Anthony Lyons ◽  
Beatrice Alba ◽  
Andrea Waling ◽  
Victor Minichiello ◽  
Mark Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Community Connectedness ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Objectives: Volunteering is associated with positive well-being among older people, providing opportunities to stay active and socially connected. This may be especially relevant for older lesbian and gay people, who are less likely than heterosexual people to have a partner, children or support from their family of origin. Methods: Patterns of volunteering and mental, physical and social well-being were examined in a sample of 754 lesbian and gay adults in Australia aged 60 years and older who completed a nationwide survey. Results: Volunteers reported greater positive mental health than non-volunteers. Among the gay men, volunteers additionally reported higher self-rated health and social support and lower psychological distress. Both the lesbian women and gay men who volunteered for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or intersex (LGBTI) organisations also reported greater LGBTI community connectedness than volunteers for non-LGBTI organisations. Discussion: These findings provide further insight into potential factors associated with the well-being of older lesbian and gay adults.

The Changing Nature of Gay Rugby Clubs in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ken Muir ◽  
Eric Anderson ◽  
Keith D. Parry ◽  
David Letts
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Impact ◽  
British Culture

Rugby has traditionally existed as a leading definer of masculinity in British culture, which has included overt homophobia. However, cultural attitudes toward homosexuality have improved rapidly in the 21st century. To assess the impact of wider societal change on gay rugby teams, we employed a multiple methods investigation across five gay rugby teams in England. Results show that, whereas athletes once played for these teams to escape homophobia in broader rugby culture, this is no longer true. Affiliation with gay clubs is now primarily for social purposes, and gay rugby clubs now protect the physical safety of gay men from being less prepared to play the game, whereas before it was safety from homophobia. This research shows that gay rugby clubs have undergone an organizational shift in response to the increased social acceptance of sexual minorities.

Training Issues for Counseling Psychologists in Working with Lesbian Women and Gay Men

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin A. Buhrke ◽  
Louise A. Douce
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Counseling Psychology ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Psychology Training Programs ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Counseling Psychologists

Counseling psychology professional organizations clearly state that discrimination on the basis of minority status-be it racial/ethnic, sexual orientation, gender, or other-is unethical and unacceptable. Unfortunately, many counselors and counseling psychologists have received little training with regard to lesbian and gay issues. This article presents ways in which these issues can and should be incorporated into counseling psychology training programs. Academic and internship training are addressed, followed by a discussion of the importance of a safe and appropriate environment for lesbian and gay personnel Specific recommendations are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals United States Normative Attitudes for Pursuing Parenthood as a Function of Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle P. Tate
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Descriptive Norms ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Lesbian And Gay

Decisions about whether or not to become a parent are significant parts of normative human development. Many studies have shown that married different-sex couples are expected to become parents, and that many social pressures enforce this norm. For same-sex couples, however, much less is known about social norms surrounding parenthood within marriage. This study examined injunctive norms and descriptive norms for the pursuit of parenthood as a function of age, gender, and sexual orientation. Participants in an internet survey included 1020 (522 heterosexual, 498 lesbian/gay) cisgender people from across the United States Findings showed that norms, especially descriptive norms, for the pursuit of parenthood for heterosexual people were much stronger than those for lesbian women and gay men, and that norms for lesbian women were stronger than those for gay men. These differences were more pronounced for older, heterosexual, and male participants. However, lesbian and gay participants, especially gay men, reported that lesbian and gay people ought to become parents to the same extent as heterosexual people. Overall, the results indicated that, regardless of sexual orientation, adults report that lesbian and gay married people ought to become parents, but that they expect only a minority of these couples will pursue parenthood. This research provided a glimpse into how Americans are envisioning family formation among same-sex couples today.

scholarly journals Demographic and Psychosocial Predictors of Housing Security in Older Lesbian and Gay Australians

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Alba ◽  
Anthony Lyons ◽  
Andrea Waling ◽  
Victor Minichiello ◽  
Mark Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Psychosocial Predictors ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Housing Situation ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
The Past ◽  
Housing Security

This study examined housing security among 679 lesbian women and gay men aged 60 years and older living in Australia. We examined a range of potential demographic and psychosocial predictors of whether participants felt that their housing situation was secure. Overall, most participants (89%) felt that their housing situation was secure. We found that the sense of housing security was greater among those who were younger, had people they felt they could depend on, had better self-rated health, and had fewer experiences of sexual orientation discrimination over the past year. In addition, housing security was greater among those who owned their own home and had no mortgage, compared with those who had a mortgage, were renting, or had some other living arrangement. No other demographic variables were significant predictors of housing security. These results can be useful in targeting groups that may be particularly vulnerable to a lack of housing security.

Relationship commitment of Portuguese lesbian and gay individuals: Examining the role of cohabitation and perceived social support

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2738-2758
Author(s):  
David L. Rodrigues ◽  
Aleksandra Huic ◽  
Diniz Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relationship Commitment ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Important Relationship

Lesbian and gay (LG) individuals strive to form stable relationships, and most of them are successful in doing so. Because successful relationships have benefits for psychological well-being, it is important to investigate factors that help people in same-sex relationships to achieve stable and committed relationships. The Investment Model (IM) proposes commitment to be predicted by satisfaction, quality of alternatives, and relationship investments. We extend this model by proposing two additional variables—cohabitation and social support. Cohabitation is a particularly important relationship marker for LG individuals, and its role on same-sex relationship commitment may be linked to the perception of greater support from close family and friends. In a cross-sectional study conducted in Portugal ( N = 534, 62.4% gay men and 37.6% lesbian women; Mage = 29.64 years, SD = 8.30), we tested a multigroup structural equation model linking cohabitation to perceived social support from close network members (family and friends) and to relationship commitment, via the IM variables. The results showed that cohabitation was positively associated with perceived social support from both parents and friends. Friend support and its association with satisfaction mediated the association between cohabitation and commitment for both gay men and lesbian women. However, there were differences between LG individuals. Support from parents was positively associated with satisfaction and negatively associated with perceived quality of alternative situations to the relationship, but only for gay men. Support from friends was positively associated with satisfaction for both lesbian women and gay men while also positively associated with relationship investments for gay men. These results are a relevant addition to the literature by showing the importance of cohabitation and social support from parents and friends for same-sex relationship outcomes, possibly acting as buffers against different sorts of negative experiences.

FACTS, NOT OPINIONS, DRIVE SCIENCE: A REPLY TO MORRISON

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
PAUL CAMERON
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Ad Hominem

Accuracy is the most important aspect of empiricism. If investigators are clear about their method and employ it to generate ‘facts,’ their opinions are irrelevant. So it is of some significance that Morrison, who spends more than one-third of his paper attacking my motives — indeed accusing me of ‘hatred of gay men and lesbian women’ — does not dispute my findings. Strip away the ad hominem attacks and little remains.

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