Vera and the Prison Rape Elimination Act

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Tara Graham ◽  
Allison Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Prison Rape ◽  
Prison Rape Elimination Act ◽  
Original Goal ◽  
The Creation

In 2003, Congress unanimously passed the landmark Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA). The legislation established a zero-tolerance standard for sexual abuse in U.S. correctional facilities. Implicitly, PREA recognized that sending individuals to facilities where sexual abuse is tolerated is equal to the imposition of a greater—and unintended—punishment. PREA also called for the creation of a national commission to study the causes and consequences of sexual abuse in confinement and to issue national standards for preventing, detecting, responding to, and monitoring such abuse. The Commissioners believe that standard compliance will result in achieving PREA's original goal: the protection of incarcerated individuals from sexual abuse.

New Hope for Victims of Prison Sexual Assault

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Samia Mair ◽  
Shannon Frattaroli ◽  
Stephen P. Teret
Keyword(s):  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Prison Rape ◽  
Prison Rape Elimination Act ◽  
President Bush ◽  
Unanimous Consent

Senate Bill 1435, the “Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003,” was introduced into the Senate on July 21, 2003, and in less than a week passed both the Senate and House by unanimous consent. The Bill was presented to President Bush on September 2, 2003, and he signed it two days later on September 4, 2003. The stated purposes of the Act are far-reaching and ambitious:(1)establish a zero-tolerance standard for the incidence of prison rape in prisons in the United States;(2)make the prevention of prison rape a top priority in each prison system;(3)develop and implement national standards For the detection, prevention, reduction, and punishment of prison rape;(4)increase the available data and information on the incidence of prison rape, consequently improving the management and administration of correctional facilities;(5)standardize the definitions used for collecting data on the incidence of prison rape;

An Analysis of Statutes Criminalizing Correctional Officer Sexual Misconduct With Inmates

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Kowalski ◽  
Xiaohan Mei ◽  
John R. Turner ◽  
Mary K. Stohr ◽  
Craig Hemmens
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Correctional Officer ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Legal Definition ◽  
Prison Rape ◽  
Prison Rape Elimination Act ◽  
Correctional Systems ◽  
Sexually Victimized

The 2003 Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) mandates that U.S. state correctional systems regulate and reduce staff-on-inmate sexual misconduct in state correctional facilities. As data on correctional officer sexual misconduct are limited and its legal definition varies across states, this study utilized statutory analysis to document how staff sexual misconduct is defined and how it is punished across state correctional systems. The most notable finding is that although all 50 states have statutes designed to protect incarcerated persons from being sexually victimized by correctional staff, they are far from uniform.

scholarly journals Impact of Prison Rape on Public Health

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dyan McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Prison Rape ◽  
Prison Rape Elimination Act

One of the most significant threats to the health of incarcerated persons is prison rape. Through such acts, communicable diseases are spread and physical and mental injuries are inflicted. This article evaluates the evidence regarding the extent to which prison rape occurs in both men and women’s correctional facilities in the United States. It also discusses how prison rape jeopardizes public health by exposing the community to disease, brutalized inmates who are likely to have become more violent as a result of their victimization, and the cancer of racism. Current efforts to deal with the prison rape problem, particularly the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 are explored. Policy recommendations, including the adoption of “no-drop” policies for prosecutors’ officers dealing with prison rape cases are proposed and discussed.

National Prison Rape Elimination Commission Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Sexual Predators ◽  
Prison Rape ◽  
Commission Report ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
The Right

This article is excerpted from the 276-page National Prison Rape Elimination Commission Report published in June 2009. Sexual abuse in correctional environments is a serious concern with dire consequences, especially for victims. Individuals confined in correctional facilities or under supervision in the community must be protected from sexual predators. They do not relinquish their fundamental human rights when they are incarcerated or otherwise constrained. They still have the right to be treated in a manner consistent with basic human dignity, the right to personal safety, and the right to justice if they become victims of crime. This excerpt includes the Commission's nine core findings about sexual abuse in confinement. A discussion of the facts that led to each finding and subsequent standards can be found in the full text of the report.

Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Michael K. Dzordzormenyoh ◽  
Bridget K. Diamond-Welch
Keyword(s):  
Prison Rape ◽  
Prison Rape Elimination Act

UNESCO and French cultural relations 1945–1970

1976 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Pendergast
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
International Norms ◽  
French Language ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
The Creation ◽  
French Foreign Policy ◽  
Cultural Expansion

Cultural expansion has been a major component of postwar French foreign policy. The creation and operation of UNESCO afforded opportunities for pursuit of French cultural relations. French authorities determined to secure the location of UNESCO in Paris, the privileged use of the French language, and to direct the organization towards activities with appeal to an international intellectual clientele. France also endeavored to divert UNESCO from paths detrimental to French cultural policy. These dangers included the creation of international norms and mandatory reports on bilateral cultural relations, adherence by UNESCO to a philosophy inimical to French cultural policy, and penetration by multilateral organs into areas of French cultural predominance. At the same time, France availed itself of UNESCO to supplement its independent actions, to infiltrate a French presence into new areas, to facilitate the operational conduct of cultural relations, and to diversify the conventional instruments of cultural action. Additionally, the French National Commission for UNESCO emerged as an agent for the conduct of French cultural diplomacy.

The Uncertain Future of Forensic Science

Daedalus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Mnookin
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Current State ◽  
Tool Mark ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Forensic Scientists ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Courtroom Testimony ◽  
Institutional Stakeholders

Forensic science is at a crossroads. In the last two decades, often-used forms of pattern evidence, such as fingerprint, tool mark, and bite mark identification, have faced significant criticism for lacking adequate scientific validation or proven reliability. Is this the beginning of a sea change, signaling the rise of a science-based, empirically grounded approach to these forms of evidence, both in the courtroom and in the crime laboratory? Or has the increased attention produced Band-Aids rather than meaningful and lasting cures? This essay argues that the current state of forensic science reform is both “half empty” and “half full.” Looking first at bite mark evidence, then at modifications in the language used by forensic scientists for their courtroom testimony, and, finally, at the creation and the elimination of the National Commission on Forensic Science, this essay argues that we have thus far seen modest and meaningful – but far from adequate or transformative – reform. Our best hope for sustained, substantial changes necessary for improving forensic science evidence within our system of justice requires the creation of another national commission or other institutional body, made up of both research scientists and other institutional stakeholders, and situated as to prevent “capture” by either forensic practitioners or advocates within our adversarial system.

scholarly journals Reflections on crafting an ayahuasca community guide for the awareness of sexual abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Daniela Peluso ◽  
Emily Sinclair ◽  
Beatriz Labate ◽  
Clancy Cavnar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Educational Task ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Creation

This article reflects upon the conception and development of a set of guidelines for the awareness of sexual abuse in ayahuasca settings, an assortment of scenarios that take place in local and global settings entailing the use of a psychedelic brew known for producing visionary and purgative effects composed of Amazonian Banisteriopsis caapi (ayahuasca vine) commonly combined with the leaves of Psychotria viridis (chacruna) or Diplopterys cabrerana (chaliponga). The globalization and diaspora of ayahuasca expertise, usage, and plant materials has broadened the diversity of individual and group interactions and geographical and social contexts in which this hallucinogenic concoction is ingested, and thus given rise to a range of possibilities, which also may, despondently, include possibilities for sexual harassment and abuse. The authors raise the key issues and processes that have led to formation, publication, and dissemination of the Ayahuasca Community Guide for the Awareness of Sexual Abuse of Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines, focusing specifically on the needs for such guidelines, as well as the challenges faced in collaboratively creating them. The creation of guidelines as an educational task is wrought with concerns, as they must first and foremost convey the fact that abuse is never the victim/survivor’s fault, and yet they must also aim to inform individuals of potential common scenarios that can lead to abuse. In this sense, guidelines themselves are held up to scrutiny, and the process of collaboratively crafting the Chacruna Institute’s Guide for the Awareness of Sexual Abuse has not been an exception.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document