Relationship of family history, antisocial personality disorder and personality traits in young men at risk for alcoholism.

What are individuals with psychopathy like and what are their defining features? ‘How can we know if someone is a psychopath or is at risk of becoming one?’ considers two case studies to give an idea of the developmental course of criminal psychopathy and what psychopathic personality traits look like. It discusses the Psychopathy Checklist, developed by Robert Hare in the 1980s, and explains the difference between antisocial personality disorder, sociopathy, and psychopathy. Research has shown that whether we look at criminal psychopaths, individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits in the general population, or children who are at risk of developing psychopathy, similar patterns of brain function and information processing are seen.

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The Differentiation of Narrative Styles in Individuals with High Psychopathic Deviate

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research ◽

10.1007/s10936-021-09824-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Gawda

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Computer Software ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Psychopathic Personality ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Clustering Method ◽

Intelligence Level ◽

Psychopathic Deviate

AbstractThe current study was designed to show the differentiation of narrative styles in individuals with high scores in Psychopathic deviate (Pd) scale and develop a method enabling identification of psychopathic personality traits based on linguistic indicators. 600 spontaneous narrations related to emotional topics have been examined for grammar, syntactic, and lexical indicators. The indicators have been selected based on a review related to language of psychopaths. The narrations were written by 200 persons who were also tested for psychopathic deviate and intelligence level, including prisoners diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. Independent judges identified the linguistic indicators which were then counted for each person with the use of computer software. The configuration profiles of the linguistic indicators/narrative styles were established using k-mean clustering method. Then, ANOVA was performed to show which clusters differentiate the levels of psychopathic deviate. The findings show there are two configurations of language features (important: single features were not examined) associated with high levels of psychopathic deviate patterns. Two narrative styles were identified, labelled demonstrative-digressive-egocentric-emotional-dogmatic and reserved-focused on the topic-repetitive, which indicate high psychopathic deviate traits. The ROC curves were applied to establish the prediction of the narrative styles for high psychopathic deviate scores.

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Antisocial Personality Traits as a Risk Factor of Violence between Individuals with Mental Disorders

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 657-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Izabela Filov

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Control Group ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Antisocial Personality Traits

BACKGROUND: Mental disorder can increase the likelihood of taking violent acts of some individuals, but only a small percentage of violence in societies could be attributed to patients with mental health problems. For the past several years numerous studies related to forensic psychiatry has confirmed a close causal relationship between violent offenders and psychiatric comorbidity. Several studies have provided strong evidence that antisocial personality disorders (APD) represent a significant clinical risk for violence. AIM: This study aims to show the relationship between antisocial personality disorder and antisocial personality traits with the other mental disorders and the manifestation of violence between the forensic populations of patients. METHODS: The survey was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospitals and the Mental Health Centre. The research was carried out between two groups: one group of perpetrators of violence (PV) and a control group divided into two subgroups, a control group without violence (CG WV) and a group of respondents forcibly hospitalised CG FH. After obtaining consent for participation in the study, patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were applied. The research methodology included using measuring instrument-Psychopathy Checklist-revised (Hare's PCL-R). RESULTS: The results show that in the group PV antisocial personality disorder is present in 45 patients, or 50% of the total sample. According to statistical research in between groups PV, CG WV and CG WV, there were determent significant differences in specifically listed items from Hare's PCL-R. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathological traits of mental disorders which are pathognomonic of committing violence are paranoid schizophrenia, as the most present and antisocial personality disorder in comorbidity, as the highest risk factor among the population with mental disorders that manifest violence.

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The A1 allele of the DRD2 gene (TaqI A polymorphisms) is associated with antisocial personality in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.06.006 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 356-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

G Ponce ◽

M.A Jimenez-Arriero ◽

G Rubio ◽

J Hoenicka ◽

I Ampuero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Phenotypic Expression ◽

Severity Index ◽

Addiction Severity Index ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Drd2 Gene ◽

Alcohol Dependent

AbstractBackground. –Presence of A1 allele of the DRD2 gene has been associated with a predisposition for alcoholism although there are limited data about its phenotypic expression in alcoholism.Objectives. –To determine the importance of the A1 allele in clinical variables of alcohol dependence.Methodology. –A sample of 103 alcohol-dependent males was studied. All patients were recruited consecutively from the general hospital and community settings. The diagnostics were made with the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID); and the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). Diagnosis of family alcoholism was made by direct interview or with the Research Diagnostic Criteria-Family History (RDC-FH). The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Scale (SADS) were used to assess alcohol dependence severity. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods.Results. –Approximately 39% of the sample carried the A1 allele (A1+ group). This group had higher prevalences of antisocial personality disorder (60% vs. 15.9%); and alcoholism family history (72.5% vs. 52.4%). Also A1+ had early onset alcohol abuse and more drinking problems. The presence of A1+ was the main factor to explain the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, but the weight of this factor was not sufficient to explain the complications assessed by the ASI.Conclusions. –Our results support the existence of an association between the A1 allele and factors resulting from dopaminergic deficiency, otherwise denominated reward deficiency syndrome.

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Relationship of Child Psychopathology to Parental Alcoholism and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/00004583-199906000-00015 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 686-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

SAMUEL KUPERMAN ◽

STEVEN S. SCHLOSSER ◽

JAMA LIDRAL ◽

WENDY REICH

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Child Psychopathology ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Parental Alcoholism ◽

Relationship Of

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Early identification of individuals at risk for antisocial personality disorder

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.182.44.s11 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 182 (S44) ◽

pp. s11-s14 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Jonathan Hill

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Conduct Problems ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Early Identification ◽

Antisocial Behaviour ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Child Conduct Problems ◽

Child Conduct ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundAntisocial personality disorder is usually preceded by serious and persistent conduct problems starting in early childhood, and so there is little difficulty in identifying an at-risk group.AimsTo address six key areas concerning the relationship between early conduct problems and antisocial personality disorder.MethodReview of recent research into early identification of and intervention in child conduct problems, following up to possible adult antisocial behaviour.ResultsConduct problems are predictive of antisocial personality disorder independently of the associated adverse family and social factors. Prediction could be aided through identification of subtypes of conduct problems. There is limited evidence on which children have problems that are likely to persist and which will improve; children who desist from early conduct problems and those with onset in adolescence are also vulnerable as adults.ConclusionsThe predictive power of the childhood precursors of antisocial personality disorder provides ample justification for early intervention. Greater understanding of subgroups within the broad category of antisocial children and adults should assist with devising and targeting interventions.

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