THE EFFECT OF THE 11β-HYDROXYLASE BLOCKING SUBSTANCE, SU-4885, ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS AND OF MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE-LIKE ACTIVITY

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Akinci ◽  
M. Apostolakis ◽  
J. Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dosage Range ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT 1. The effect of an 11β-hydroxylase inhibiting substance (SU–4885) on the urinary excretion of 17-OHCS and MSH-like activity was studied in ten normal male subjects. SU-4885 was administered both orally and intravenously in a dosage range varying from 3 to 16 g. 2. A sharp increase of free and of low polar conjugated 17-OHCS excretion was noted in every case. The 17-OHCS of higher polarity showed no consistent changes. 3. An evident increase in MSH-like activity in urine was found in only 2 subjects. A doubtful effect was present in 3 other cases. 4. It is suggested that there is no exact parallelism between ACTH and MSH response to an inhibition of cortisol biosynthesis in the adrenal cortex.

A RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR β-MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN HUMAN PLASMA

1973 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. THODY ◽  
N. A. PLUMMER
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Porous Glass ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Bilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY A method is described for the radioimmunoassay of β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH) in human plasma. It was capable of detecting 20–30 pg β-MSH and was unaffected by the presence of α-MSH and human adrenocorticotrophic hormone. However, cross-reactivity did occur with β-glutamyl MSH (porcine). A simple technique employing porous glass (Florisil) was used to extract β-MSH from plasma. In normal male subjects plasma β-MSH levels ranged from 21 to 133 pg/ml. In patients receiving cortisol therapy for Addison's disease slightly elevated levels were found. Much higher levels were found in patients who had undergone bilateral adrenalectomy as treatment for Cushing's disease.

THE INFLUENCE OF 17α-METHYL-19-NORTESTOSTERONE ON THE ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 388-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Huis in 't Veld ◽  
B. Louwerens ◽  
P. A. F. van der Spek
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
List Type ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Normal Males

ABSTRACT In two male patients and two castrated males, the influence of corticotrophin (ACTH) on the urinary excretion of neutral 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids was determined before and during a period in which patients were treated with 5 mg 17α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MNT) daily. In two castrated males, moreover, the influence of chorionic gonadotrophin and ACTH + chorionic gonadotrophin on the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids was determined before and during a period of treatment with 5 mg MNT daily. Prolonged administration of MNT causes a decrease in the urinary excretion of neutral 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids both in the normal males and in the male castrates. ACTH caused an increase in the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids before and during MNT administration. During MNT administration this increase (expressed in mg/24 hours) was ≤ the increase produced by the same dose of ACTH prior to MNT administration. In two male castrates treated with MNT, chorionic gonadotrophin caused no increase in the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. The effect obtained before and during MNT administration by administration of ACTH + chorionic gonadotrophin did not exceed the effect obtained by the same dose of ACTH alone. Our conclusion is that the effect of MNT on the excretion of adrenocortical steroids is not due to the inhibition of the ACTH secretion. The possibility of a direct effect of MNT on the adrenal cortex has not been excluded with complete certainty. A change in the corticosteroid metabolism due to the influence of MNT, however, must also be taken into consideration.

THE EFFECTS OF ACTH AND HCG ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF TESTOSTERONE IN MALE PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tamm ◽  
M. Apostolakis ◽  
K. D. Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
List Type ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Secondary Hypogonadism

ABSTRACT The effects of HCG and/or ACTH administration have been investigated in 2 normal subjects and in 12 male patients suffering from various endocrinopathies. It was found that: In normal adult males 3000 IU HCG given daily over three days appear to be sufficient to obtain a significant increase in urinary testosterone excretion. The degree of the increase appears to be dependent on the age of the patient. Prolonged HCG administration in secondary hypogonadism can lead to significant sustained increases of testosterone and epitestosterone excretions. Endogenous HCG of the type produced by chorionepitheliomas does not necessarily have an effect on testosterone and epitestosterone production in male patients. HCG stimulates the testosterone and epitestosterone secretion of the testes only; it thus has no effect on orchiectomized patients. Exogenous ACTH increases the testosterone and epitestosterone production of the adrenal cortex, the latter apparently more than the former; the testosterone/epitestosterone quotient in the urine falls. In orchiectomized patients ACTH administration leads to an increase of oestrogen production from the adrenal cortex and of oestriol excretion in the urine.

EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC LUTEINIZING HORMONE-AND FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE (LH/FSH-RH) ON SERUM LEVELS OF LH, FSH, THYROTROPHIN (TSH) AND GROWTH HORMONE (HGH) IN NORMAL MALE SUBJECTS

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egil Haug ◽  
Peter Torjesen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Maximum Serum ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Four normal male subjects received iv injections of synthetic luteinizing hormone- and follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) in doses of 12.5, 25, 100, 200 and 400 μg, respectively. A dose of 12.5 μg of LH/FSH-RH caused a significant increase in serum FSH, and 25 μg significantly increased the serum LH. The peak responses occurred 15 to 30 min after the LH/FSH-RH injections in most of the experiments. The increase in the mean maximum serum LH and FSH levels was 2 to 4 fold. There was great variation in response between the subjects, but when tested repeatedly with the same dose of LH/FSH-RH a given individual responded in a consistent manner. The log dose-response curve between LH/FSH-RH and serum LH, and between LH/FSH-RH and serum FSH was approximately linear. A small but significant (P < 0.05) rise in serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was found after LH/FSH-RH in doses ranging from 25 to 400 μg. There was no significant rise in serum growth hormone (HGH). On the basis of the present study a standard 100 μg iv LH/FSH-RH test is suggested.

Long-term trophic action of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on the zona glomerulosa of the rat adrenal cortex

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Robba ◽  
Piera Rebuffat ◽  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract. The effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on the rat adrenal cortex were investigated by coupled morphometric and radioimmunological techniques. Short-term α-MSH administration provoked a significant increase in the aldosterone plasma level along with a notable lipid droplet depletion in zona glomerulosa cells. Long-term α-MSH treatment induced a notable hypertrophy of zona glomerulosa cells and a further rise in the blood concentration of aldosterone. α-MSH did not affect zona fasciculata morphology and corticosterone plasma level. The possibility is discussed that α-MSH may be specifically involved in the control of the growth and steroidogenic capacity of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.

INFLUENCE OF RESERPINE ON THE PITUITARY CONTENT OF MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND ON HYPOTHALAMIC FACTORS WHICH AFFECT ITS RELEASE

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA E. TOMATIS ◽  
S. TALEISNIK
Keyword(s):  
Median Eminence ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Inhibiting Factor ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY The melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) content of whole toad pituitary glands decreased upon treatment with reserpine. With daily injections the values remained low for 1 week but regained normal levels after 2 weeks in spite of an increased secretion of MSH as indicated by darkening of the skin. In rats a drop in pituitary MSH content also occurred after reserpine injection but normal values were found after 7 and 14 days of treatment. MSH-releasing factor found in stalk-median eminence tissue of normal male rats was not present in the reserpine-injected animals, but after 7 days of treatment an increase in MSH-release-inhibiting factor (MSH-R-IF) was demonstrated. MSH-R-IF was also found to have increased in female castrated rats after 2 days of treatment with reserpine. It is concluded that reserpine permits the secretion of pituitary MSH by blocking the release of MSH-R-IF, which accumulates in the hypothalamic neurones.

The Effect of Tryptophan Load and Vitamin B6 Supplementation on Urinary Excretion of Tryptophan Metabolites in Human Male Subjects

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wolf ◽  
R. R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites ◽  
Prostatic Diseases ◽  
Male Subjects

1. Urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites of the kynurenine pathway before and after a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan (both before and during supplementation with vitamin B6) was studied in normal young male subjects and in elderly male subjects with prostatic diseases. 2. The increase in urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites in the normal male subjects after a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan was unchanged after vitamin B6 supplementation, indicating that this dose does not exceed the normal capacity of the kynurenine pathway. 3. It is therefore concluded that a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan is preferable when studying the capacity of the kynurenine pathway. 4. In about three-quarters of the elderly male subjects with prostatic diseases, the capacity of the kynurenine pathway was normal. 5. In about one-quarter of the subjects with prostatic diseases after a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan there was abnormally high urinary excretion of one or several tryptophan metabolites, which could be normalized by vitamin B6, indicating that the capacity of the kynurenine pathway had been exceeded in these subjects. 6. Urinary excretion of individual tryptophan metabolites after a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan was constant in the same subject when studied under unchanged conditions, whether there was a normal or a decreased capacity of the kynurenine pathway. 7. It is concluded that a single determination of urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites after a loading dose of 2 g of l-tryptophan is sufficient to determine the capacity of the kynurenine pathway.

ON THE VALUE OF SOME PARAMETERS OF ADRENOCORTICAL GLUCOCORTICOID FUNCTION

1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van Der Straeten ◽  
A. Vermeulen ◽  
N. Orie ◽  
P. Regniers
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Isotope Dilution Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Colorimetric Methods

ABSTRACT The authors studied the correlation between cortisol production, as measured by an isotope dilution method, and the urinary excretion of total and free Porter-Silber chromogens, as well as of 17-ketogenic steroids. Although a significant correlation exists between total Porter-Silber chromogens, 17-ketogenic steroid excretion and cortisol production, discrepancies are occasionally observed. Hence, different colorimetric methods should be used to assess the glucocorticoid activity of the adrenal cortex.

QUANTITATIVE RELATIONS IN THE AQUEOUS FLARE RESPONSE INDUCED BY α-MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE RABBIT EYES

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dyster-Aas ◽  
C. E. T. Krakau
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Aqueous Flare ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Flare Response ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The aqueous flare response (AFR) to MSH is induced in an increasing percentage of animals with increasing age. The great variability of the responses and the fact that local administration of MSH is not more efficient with lower doses than by subcutaneous injection indicate that the AFR is a complex result in which general factors play a part. The analysis of the variation of the responses has led to a procedure for testing the effect of different preparations.

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