OVARIAN PROGESTERONE SECRETION DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE, PREGNANCY AND LACTATION IN DOGS

1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Telegdy ◽  
E. Endröczi ◽  
K. Lissák
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

ABSTRACT The concentration of progesterone in the ovarian venous blood of female dogs varied between 0.13 and 2.70 μg/h per ovary and per kg body weight, in the different phases of the oestrous cycle. There was no evidence of progesterone secretion in the absence of the corpus luteum. The highest values of progesterone secretion were detected in the early stage of pregnancy (12.9-16.2 μg/h per ovary and per kg body weight). In the course of pregnancy, a gradual decrease in progesterone secretion was found which fell below detectable amounts 48 hours after parturition. The ovarian venous blood did not contain any progesterone in the presence of a corpus luteum of lactation. There was some progesterone in the extracts of placental tissue, however, though in much smaller quantities than in the human placenta.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kadar Progesteron pada Fase Awal Luteal dengan Kematian Embrio pada Sapi Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Budianto Panjaitan ◽  
Citra Chyntia Helwana ◽  
Nellita Meutia ◽  
Yusmadi Yusmadi ◽  
Tongku Nizwan Siregar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Double Injection ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Embryonic Death

ABSTRAK.  Progesteron merupakan hormon yang berperan penting dalam proses pemeliharaan kebuntingan dan dihasilkan oleh corpus luteum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kadar hormon progesteron pada fase awal luteal dengan kematian embrio pada sapi Aceh. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan empat ekor sapi betina dewasa berumur 3-5 tahun, bobot badan 150-250 kg, sehat secara klinis, dan memiliki reproduksi normal. Sapi disinkronisasi menggunakan 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) dengan pola penyuntikan ganda berinterval 11 hari. Koleksi sampel darah untuk pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan pada hari ke-5, 6, dan 7 pasca inseminasi. Pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan menggunakan metode enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), pemeriksaan kebuntingan dan kematian embrio menggunakan metode transrektal ultrasonografi pada hari ke-25 pasca inseminasi. Pemeriksaan diulang setiap 10 hari sampai hari ke-55 pasca inseminasi. Puncak sekresi progesteron pada sapi bunting dengan embrio yang bertahan hidup terdapat pada hari ke-7 (2,082 ng/ml), pada sapi Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) di hari ke-5 (8,209 ng/ml) dan pada sapi tidak bunting di hari ke-7 (3,051±1,157 ng/ml). Sekresi progesteron sapi LEM pada hari ke-5 sampai dengan ke-7 cenderung menurun sedangkan pada sapi yang bertahan hidup cenderung meningkat.  (Correlation between progesterone levels in early luteal phase and embryonic death  in Aceh cattle) ABSTRACT. Progesterone is an important hormone that functions to maintain pregnancy and is produced by the corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to see a correlation between progesterone and the incidence of embryonic death in Aceh cattle. This study used four adult female cows, 3-5 years old, 150-250 kg body weight, clinically healthy, and have a normal reproduction. The synchronized with 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa hormone, and double injection pattern with 11-day intervals. The blood was collected for progesterone measurements on 5th, 6th, 7th day post artificial insemination. Measurement of progesterone concentration was carried out using an enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), while pregnancy and embryo mortality was performed using the trans-rectal ultrasonography method on the 25th day after insemination. The examination was repeated every 10 days until day 55th after insemination. Progesterone secretion peaks in pregnant cows were on day 7th (2.082 ng/ml), in cattle Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) on day 5th (8.209 ng/ml) and in cattle not pregnant on day 7th (3.051±1.157 ng/ml). The pattern of LEM progesterone secretion on days 5th to 7th tends to decrease while those that survive tend to increase.

scholarly journals Delayed effect of low progesterone concentrations on bovine uterine PGF(2alpha) secretion in the subsequent oestrous cycle

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shaham-Albalancy ◽  
Y Folman ◽  
M Kaim ◽  
M Rosenberg ◽  
D Wolfenson
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Delayed Effect ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Late Luteal Phase ◽  
Subsequent Cycle ◽  
Concentration Curves

Low progesterone concentrations during the bovine oestrous cycle induce enhanced responsiveness to oxytocin challenge late in the luteal phase of the same cycle. The delayed effect of low progesterone concentrations during one oestrous cycle on uterine PGF(2alpha) secretion after oxytocin challenge on day 15 or 16 of the subsequent cycle was studied by measuring the concentrations of the major PGF(2alpha) metabolite (13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF(2alpha); PGFM) in plasma. Two experiments were conducted, differing in the type of progesterone treatment and in the shape of the low progesterone concentration curves. In Expt 1, progesterone supplementation with intravaginal progesterone inserts, with or without an active corpus luteum, was used to obtain high, or low and constant plasma progesterone concentrations, respectively. In Expt 2, untreated cows, representing high progesterone treatment, were compared with cows that had low but increasing plasma progesterone concentrations that were achieved by manipulating endogenous progesterone secretion of the corpus luteum. Neither experiment revealed any differences in plasma progesterone concentrations between the high and low progesterone groups in the subsequent oestrous cycle. In both experiments, both groups had similar basal concentrations of PGFM on day 15 (Expt 1) or 16 (Expt 2) of the subsequent oestrous cycle, 18 days after progesterone treatments had ended. In both experiments, the increases in PGFM concentrations in the low progesterone groups after an oxytocin challenge were markedly higher than in the high progesterone groups. These results indicate that low progesterone concentrations during an oestrous cycle have a delayed stimulatory effect on uterine responsiveness to oxytocin during the late luteal phase of the subsequent cycle. This resulting increase in PGF(2alpha) secretion may interfere with luteal maintenance during the early stages of pregnancy.

Source of ovarian inhibin secretion during the oestrous cycle of the sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Mann ◽  
A. S. McNeilly ◽  
D. T. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Luteal Tissue

ABSTRACT The source of inhibin secretion by the ovary in the sheep at different stages of the oestrous cycle was investigated by in-vivo cannulation of the ovarian veins. Twenty-four Scottish Blackface ewes were allocated to four groups of six ewes, i.e. those operated on during the luteal phase (day 10), and those operated on during the follicular phase 24–30, 36 and 60 h following an injection of 125 μg cloprostenol on day 10 of the luteal phase. Samples of jugular and timed ovarian venous blood were collected under anaesthesia before and after enucleation of the corpus luteum. Ovaries were then removed and follicles dissected out. Following injection of cloprostenol, luteal regression occurred as indicated by a fall in the secretion of progesterone. The concentration of inhibin in jugular venous plasma and its ovarian secretion rate were similar at all stages of the follicular phase and during the luteal phase. In contrast, the secretion rate of oestradiol rose from 2·68 ±0·73 pmol/min during the luteal phase to 8·70± 2·24 pmol/min 24 h after injection of cloprostenol (P<0·05). Following enucleation of the corpus luteum the secretion rate of progesterone fell from 809 ± 270 pmol/min to 86 ± 30 pmol/min (P<0·001). There was also a smaller, artifactual fall in the secretion rate of oestradiol following enucleation of the corpus luteum, which was of similar size to a fall seen in the secretion rate of inhibin. This resulted in a significant (P<0·001) fall in the ratio of progesterone to inhibin, while the oestradiol to inhibin ratio remained unchanged. The secretion rate of inhibin from ovaries containing luteal tissue was similar to that from the contralateral side without luteal tissue (1·41±0·30 compared with 1·32±0·30 ng/min), while ovaries with large antral follicles secreted significantly (P< 0·001) more inhibin than those with no follicles ≥3 mm (2·28 ± 0·36 compared with 0·25 ±0·06 ng/min). From these results we conclude that, in the sheep, large antral follicles are responsible for most, if not all, the secretion of inhibin by the ovary at all stages of the oestrous cycle, and that the corpus luteum secretes little or no immunoactive or bioactive inhibin. Due to the fact that, unlike inhibin, the secretion rate of oestradiol rises during the follicular phase of the cycle, when the concentration of FSH is suppressed, it seems likely that oestradiol rather than inhibin is the major ovarian factor modulating the change in FSH secretion seen at this stage of the oestrous cycle. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 181–188

EFFECT OF INTRA-UTERINE FOREIGN BODIES AND OF PROSTAGLANDIN ADMINISTRATION ON PROGESTERONE SECRETION DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE OF THE GUINEA-PIG

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. BLATCHLEY ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Prostaglandin F

SUMMARY The response of the guinea-pig corpus luteum to the luteolytic influence of glass beads placed in the uterus, or to prostaglandin administration, was followed by assay of the progesterone content of blood samples collected daily. Following the introduction of glass beads into the uterus early in the cycle, the secretion of progesterone was curtailed. Treatment with prostaglandin F2α over days 4–6 or 6–8 of the cycle temporarily depressed progesterone release without shortening the life of the corpora lutea. When the drug was administered over days 8–10, 10–12 or 12–14 the depression in progesterone was not followed by any recovery. These observations indicate that the response of the corpora lutea to a luteolytic influence changes during the oestrous cycle.

The effect of oxytocin on progesterone secretion, phosphoinositide hydrolysis and intracellular mobilisation of Ca 2+ in porcine luteal cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Franczak ◽  
Beata Kurowicka ◽  
Magdalena Kowalik ◽  
Renata Ciereszko ◽  
Genowefa Kotwica
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Inositol Phosphates ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Pi Hydrolysis ◽  
Porcine Luteal Cells

Oxytocin (OT) is involved in the regulation of steroid secretion by the corpus luteum (CL) in pigs, but OT signal transduction in the porcine CL has not been identified. In this study, the effects of OT on in vitro progesterone (P 4 ) secretion, phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis and intracellular mobilisation of Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) were investigated in porcine luteal cells during the early (days 3–5), mid-(days 8–10) and late luteal phases (days 12–14) of the oestrous cycle. Basal concentrations of P 4 and accumulation of inositol phosphates (IPs) were higher (P < 0.05) on days 3–5 and 8–10 of the oestrous cycle than on days 12–14. Basal [Ca 2+ ] i mobilisation did not differ among studied periods of the oestrous cycle. Oxytocin (10 −7 M) enhanced P4 secretion and PI hydrolysis (P < 0.05) by luteal cells harvested on days 8–10 of the oestrous cycle. Moreover, OT started to increase mobilisation of [Ca 2+ ] i at the 15th (days 3–5 and 8–10) or 30th second (days 12–14) in porcine luteal cells. It was concluded that in pigs OT acts as a regulator of steroidogenesis, stimulating P 4 secretion in mature CL. This OT action may be mediated by changes in PI hydrolysis and [Ca 2+ ] i mobilisation.

Different effects of the antiprogesterone RU486 on progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum of rats with 4- and 5-day oestrous cycles

1992 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Sánchez-Criado ◽  
J. Th. J. Uilenbroek ◽  
B. Karels
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Progesterone Secretion

ABSTRACT Administration of the antiprogesterone RU486 (2 mg/day) for 14 days to rats with a 5-day reproductive cycle resulted in an increase in both ovarian and pituitary weight in contrast with rats with a 4-day oestrous cycle. Luteal progesterone production decreased earlier in 4-day than in 5-day cyclic rats. Treatment of 5-day cyclic rats with antiprogesterone from the day of metoestrus onwards resulted in the advancement of the preovulatory prolactin surge by 24 h. Progesterone production by the corpus luteum was, however, not affected, indicating that in 5-day cyclic rats the corpora lutea are still functionally active at the time of the preovulatory surge of prolactin. They become, therefore, stimulated both in size and progesterone production. In contrast, the corpora lutea in 4-day cyclic rats are functionally inactive at the time of the preovulatory surge of prolactin, and prolactin acts luteolytically. In conclusion, the advancement of the preovulatory surge of prolactin by 24 h accounts, at least in part, for the increase in ovarian weight in 5-day cyclic rats after treatment with antiprogesterone. The results of these experiments do not agree with a direct effect of the antiprogesterone RU486 on progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 132, 115–122

scholarly journals On the occurrence of the œstrous cycle after X-ray sterilisation. Part IV.–Irradiation of the adult during pregnancy and lactation; and general summary

1927 ◽  
Vol 102 (713) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

In the first two parts of this series (2, 3) it was shown that the complete destruction of Graafian follicles as organised units by irradiation of the young female does not inhibit the appearance of the œstrous cycle when puberty is subsequently reached, while in Part III (4) the cycle in the non-mated adult was shown to persist unchanged after sterilisation. The clear deduction from these results is that neither follicles nor corpora lutea are essential to the main­ tenance of the œstrous cycle in the unmated animal. Extensive investigation was first made on the sterilisation of young animals, because preliminary experiments had shown that irradiation of the adult, during the functional life of the persistent corpus luteum at any rate, resulted in the permanent histological survival of corpora lutea vera, and it was desired in the first place to investigate the œstrous cycle after sterilisation in the absence of such a com­plication. This anticipation was not altogether realised, because in certain cases the young follicles, sent into atresia by irradiation, produced corpora lutea atretica. In the majority of cases, however, the ovaries from animals sterilised at birth or at weaning time were free from tissue of follicular derivation. Since it seemed possible that the removal of follicular competition might cause the persistent corpus luteum to function for an abnormally long period, experiments on this question have been carried out, and the present paper deals with the irradiation of the adult during the functional life of the persistent corpus luteum ( i. e ., irradiation during pregnancy and lactation), which results in the permanent histological survival of the orpora lutea vera, and with the effects of these structures on the recurrence of the œstrous cycle. The histology of the ovaries of the animals discussed in this paper is essentially similar to that found in the ovaries of non-parous adults after irradiation, and is con­sidered in collaboration with Dr. Brambell elsewhere.

THE SHEEP CORPUS LUTEUM SECRETES INHIBIN

1988 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. R3-R5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Tsonis ◽  
D. T. Baird ◽  
B. K. Campbell ◽  
R. Leask ◽  
R. J. Scaramuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Two Stages

ABSTRACT An experiment was performed in 20 Merino ewes in which ovarian venous blood was collected by venepuncture at surgery and at two stages of the oestrous cycle. The ovarian venous concentrations of inhibin, oestradiol-17β and progesterone were determined. The results demonstrate that during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle the ovarian venous blood draining an ovary containing luteal tissue contains significantly more inhibin bioactivity than ovarian venous blood from an ovary not containing luteal tissue. During the follicular phase the concentration of inhibin bioactivity in ovarian venous blood was reduced compared with the luteal phase. From this data we conclude that the sheep corpus luteum secretes inhibin bioactivity into the ovarian venous blood.

CONSUMPTION OF FOOD, BODY WEIGHT, PERINEAL COLOUR AND LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE IN THE SERUM OF CYCLIC FEMALE CHINCHILLAS

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN M. BROOKHYSER ◽  
R. J. AULERICH
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Food Body

Venous blood of eight cyclic female chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger) was collected twice weekly during all stages of the oestrous cycle and levels of progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. Consumption of food, body weight and perineal colour were also monitored in 25 cyclic female chinchillas. Cyclic trends were significant for feed consumption (P<0·01), colour of the perineum (P<0·001) and body weight (P<0·001). Analysis of data used a standardized cycle of 36 days which was arranged according to vaginal perforation. This was subdivided into six periods with 6 days in each. Values of progesterone in the serum ranged from 0·07 to 6·27 ng/ml (n = 64 samples, each in duplicate), and the period of 6 days with the lowest mean progesterone value was that which included the first day of vaginal perforation. The pattern of fluctuations of progesterone resembled that of another hystricomorph rodent, the guinea-pig.

THE CORPUS LUTEUM OF THE SHEEP: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Wendler Deane ◽  
Mary F. Hay ◽  
R. M. Moor ◽  
L. E. A. Rowson ◽  
R. V. Short
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
And Function ◽  
Regressive Changes

ABSTRACT Certain structural and functional aspects of the regression of the corpus luteum in the sheep were studied using biochemical, histological, electron microscopic and histochemical techniques. Alterations in the size and density of mitochondria in the lutein cells on Day 12 or 13 of the oestrous cycle were the first sign of luteal regression seen. This was followed by the appearance of cytoplasmic lipid droplets on Day 13 or 14, in the large, definitive lutein cells. The rapid decline in the secretory activity of the corpus luteum on Day 15 was associated with a reduction in Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and diaphorase activities, as well as with shrinkage of the lutein cells and pyknosis of their nuclei. Despite a general correlation between all the above regressive changes, however, there was in a few instances a lack of complete concordance between the parameters studied. It is therefore not possible to state that any one criterion gives a consistently reliable indication of the functional state of the corpus luteum. A good correlation was found between the progesterone concentration in the ovarian venous blood and that in the luteal tissue during the regression of the corpus luteum. The occurrence of some regressive changes on Day 12 may be related to the fact that this is the time when the ovine corpus luteum must be stimulated by an embryo in the uterus to survive.

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