Optimización del tratamiento térmico para la inducción al desove de Argopecten purpuratus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

Based on methodologies currently used in commercial hatcheries, four thermic treatments were compared to induce the gametes expulsion of Argopecten purpuratus. The treatments evaluated included: 1) gradual increase in temperature, 2) gradual decrease, 3) 5 °C thermal-shock, 4) 10 °C thermal-shock and 5) control at constant temperature 16 °C. After induction, the number of fertilized oocytes in each treatment was estimated. The results show that a gradual increase in temperature between 16 and 26 °C causes a significantly higher proportion of fertilized oocytes compared to other treatments.

Association Between Bedtime at Night and Systolic Blood Pressure in Adults in NHANES

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between bedtime at night and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in adults.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 7,642 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Bedtime was defined as the response to the question: “What time do you usually fall asleep on weekdays or workdays?” SBP was taken using the average of all measured values. Multiple linear regression analyses were done to explore the relationship between bedtime and SBP.Results: The bedtime was changed from categorical variable to continuous variable for data analysis, and a significantly negative association was identified between bedtime and SBP (β, −0.23 [95% CI, −0.43, −0.02]). With the delay of bedtime, the SBP showed a gradual decrease trend, and it was dropped to the lowest at 0:00. After 0:00, the SBP was gradually increased with the delay of sleep time. The stratified analyses showed that in the female group, with the delay of bedtime, the range of SBP was decreased more obviously at 0:00. In the 18–45 year group, bedtime had little effect on SBP. Among ≥45 years old group, this trend was still the same. In the black group, an obvious downward trend was found at 22:00.Conclusion: With the delay of bedtime, the SBP had shown a gradual decrease trend, and it was dropped to the lowest at 0:00. After 0:00, the SBP was gradually increased with the delay of sleep time. Bedtime and SBP showed a U-shaped relationship.

Astigmatism Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes in Younger Children With Severe Congenital Ptosis After Frontalis Suspension Surgery

Background: To examine the astigmatism characteristics and surgical outcomes in patients with unilateral severe congenital ptosis following frontalis suspension surgery.Methods: We included 53 congenital ptosis patients who underwent frontalis suspension surgery in Hunan Children‘s Hospital. Each patient underwent a refractive examination before and after surgery to assess astigmatism. We also evaluated the effects and complications associated with the procedure.Results: Degree of astigmatism in ptotic and fellow eyes was -1.45±0.59 D and -0.66±0.51 D before surgery. Ratio of severe astigmatism in ptotic and fellow eyes was 51.3% and 12.8%. The fellow eyes presented with with-the-rule astigmatism (WR; 71.8%) and against-the-rule astigmatism (AR; 20.5%) types, with no cases of oblique astigmatism (OA). Ptotic eyes demonstrated higher frequencies of AR (59.0%) and OA (10.2%) than did fellow eyes. Furthermore, the former showed increased astigmatism, followed by a gradual decrease at the 6-month, before significantly decreasing at the 1-year postoperatively. The ratio of postoperative AR and OA astigmatism cases in ptotic eyes decreased to 35.9% and 7.7% 1 month postoperatively. However, there was a postoperative increase in the WR ratio from 30.8% to 56.4% after 1 month. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a success rate of 81.4% at 6 months and 62.9% at 12 months which was influenced by the following complications: suture reaction, epithelial keratopathy, infection and granuloma, lid lag, and recurrence. Conclusion: Frontalis suspension surgery can effectively and safely correct congenital ptosis in younger patients, which may ameliorate the development of amblyopic astigmatism.

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL STRESS ON VISUAL ACUITY IN THE PLAIN AND MOUNTAIN CONDITIONS

Научная статья посвящена установлению изменений со стороны зрительных функций у студенток старших курсов очно-заочной формы обучения в условиях гипоксической и динамической гипоксии. В период акклиматизации к гипоксической гипоксии в течение пятнадцати дней наблюдалась волнообразность или двухфазность изменения остроты зрения. Повышение с первого по пятый день и постепенное снижение с десятого по пятнадцатый день. Scientific article is devoted to establishing changes on the part of visual functions in students of senior courses of full-time education in conditions of hypoxic and dynamic hypoxia. During the period of acclimatization to hypoxic hypoxia, waviness or two-phase change in visual acuity was observed for fifteen days. Increase from day one to day five and gradual decrease from day ten to day fifteen.

Changes in the Microrna Expression Profile in Patients Undergoing Autologous Steam Cell Transplantation

Introduction: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is an acknowledged and effective treatment method for hematopoietic system diseases. MicroRNAs were reported to impact the bone marrow niche microenvironment and regulate proliferation and survival of the hematopoietic stem cells in such a manner may also influence bone marrow convalescence after AHSCT. The project aimed to identify changes in the signature of miRNAs freely circulating in the serum during AHSCT related to chemotherapy-induced injury and further bone marrow recovery using next-generation sequencing. Patients and methods: Serum samples from 10 patients undergoing ASCT were collected. Blood samples were taken from each patient at four time points: (T1) before conditioning with high dose chemotherapy, (T2) on the day of AHSCT (day 0), on day +7 (T3), and on +14 day after AHSCT (T4). The myeloablative conditioning regimen for patients with MM was melphalan 200 mg/m 2, while in lymphoma patients, BEAM was used. Total RNA was extracted from 200 μl serum using miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Advanced Kit (QIAGEN) following manufacture instructions. Libraries were prepared from 5 μl of total RNA using QIAseq® miRNA Library Kit. The libraries were pooled in equimolar concentrations and sequenced on a NextSeq 550 System using a single-end read length of 75 nucleotides at an average of 10 million reads per sample (Illumina). In bioinformatics analysis, after adapter cut-off, filtration and mapping, miRNAs were counted based on mapping to reference miRbase 22 (tools: fastp, bowtie, samtools, picard). MicroRNAs were filtered to have at least 10 counts-per-million (CPM) of classified sequences in at least two samples. MiRNAs expression levels between time points were compared using paired t-test with Bonferroni correction. Results: The study group consisted patients with multiple myeloma (N=4), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL, N=3), and non-HL (N=3) aged 48±13 years. There was a significant decrease in the hematological parameters during ASCT with a nadir at T3, including hemoglobin (T1 vs. T3, p<0.0012), white blood cell count (p<0.0001), neutrophil count (p=0.0003), and platelet count (p<0.0001). Similarly, the decrease was observed in hsa-miR-223-3p (T1 vs. T3, p=0.048) and hsa-miR-18a-5p (T2 vs. T3, p=0.033) with a nadir at T3. On the other hand, an increase with a peak at T3 was observed in the expression of hsa-miR-320b (T1 vs. T3, p=0.007), hsa-miR-320c (T1 vs. T3, p=0.007), hsa-miR-320a-3p (T1 vs. T3, p=0.009), and hsa-miR-320d (T1 vs. T3, p=0.042). Interestingly, we have observed a gradual decrease across study timepoints in the expression of hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-let-7i-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p with a nadir at T4 (T1 vs. T4, p=0.004, p=0.01, and p=0.019, respectively). Similar changes were observed in the expression of hsa-miR-486-5p, but the statistically significant decline was only noted between T3 and T4 (p=0.024). Conversely, a gradual decrease was also seen in the expression of hsa-miR-96-5p, but there was a significant increment between T3 and T4 (p=0.036). Figure 1 presents the heatmaps for the miRNAs with significant expression changes and corresponding hematological parameters during AHSCT. Conclusion: Several significant changes in the miRNA expression profile were identified, both related to the chemotherapy-induced injury and subsequent bone marrow recovery. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Wierzbowska: Novartis: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; Jazz: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy; Astellas: Consultancy; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy.

Annual Actual Evapotranspiration Estimation via GIS Models of Three Empirical Methods Employing Remotely Sensed Data for the Peloponnese, Greece, and Comparison with Annual MODIS ET and Pan Evaporation Measurements

Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) has been insufficiently investigated in Greece. This study aimed to estimate annual ETa by empirical methods (Turc, modified Turc, and Coutagne) for the Peloponnese, Greece, a Mediterranean testbed, between 2016–2019, four of the warmest years since the preindustrial era, and compare them to MODIS ET. Furthermore, measurements of annual pan evaporation (Epan) were performed for two Class A pan stations in the Peloponnese with different reliefs and conditions. The empirical methods and statistical formulae (RMSD, MB, and NMB) were developed as models in ArcMap. The outcomes of the Turc method resembled MODIS ET ranges for all years, followed by those of Coutagne. The estimates by the modified Turc method were almost identical to MODIS ET. Therefore, the modified Turc method can be used as an alternative to MODIS ET (and vice versa) for the Peloponnese for 2016–2019. Moreover, the Epan at Patras University station (semiurban, low elevation) exhibited an upward trend resembling the trends of the empirical methods over the study years, whereas the Epan at Ladonas station (higher elevation, lakeside) required investigation on a monthly time scale. Additionally, the gradual decrease of pan-water icing at Ladonas in December (from 20 d in 2016 to 0 d in 2019) could imply an undergoing decrease in snowpack storage retention across the mountains of the Peloponnese.

Plasmonic hot electron induced layer dependent anomalous Fröhlich interaction in InSe

Despite the great promise of InSe for electronic and optoelectronic applications, Fröhlich interaction plays an important role in electrical transport due to the polar nature of it, which can become more significant in reduced dimensionality. Here, we report on how the dimensionality influences the strength and nature of the Fröhlich polaronic effect in InSe with the aid of plasmonic hot electrons injection. Polar optical phonons couple to hot electrons via the Fröhlich interaction in InSe and enable us to monitor them in conventional Raman measurements. We observed that the intensity of these phonon modes initially increases gradually with decreasing layer number and then drops drastically from 7 L to 6 L (transition from quasi-direct to indirect bandgap at room temperature). Additionally, a gradual decrease of intensity of the polar modes with further decreasing layer number is observed due to the increasing indirect bandgap nature of InSe suggesting reduced Fröhlich coupling below this thickness.

Kinetics of solid–liquid interface motion in molecular dynamics and phase-field models: crystallization of chromium and silicon

The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the crystallization process in one-component materials and solid solution alloys reveal a complex temperature dependence of the velocity of the crystal–liquid interface featuring an increase up to a maximum at 10–30% undercooling below the equilibrium melting temperature followed by a gradual decrease of the velocity at deeper levels of undercooling. At the qualitative level, such non-monotonous behaviour of the crystallization front velocity is consistent with the diffusion-controlled crystallization process described by the Wilson–Frenkel model, where the almost linear increase of the interface velocity in the vicinity of melting temperature is defined by the growth of the thermodynamic driving force for the phase transformation, while the decrease in atomic mobility with further increase of the undercooling drives the velocity through the maximum and into a gradual decrease at lower temperatures. At the quantitative level, however, the diffusional model fails to describe the results of MD simulations in the whole range of temperatures with a single set of parameters for some of the model materials. The limited ability of the existing theoretical models to adequately describe the MD results is illustrated in the present work for two materials, chromium and silicon. It is also demonstrated that the MD results can be well described by the solution following from the hodograph equation, previously found from the kinetic phase-field model (kinetic PFM) in the sharp interface limit. The ability of the hodograph equation to describe the predictions of MD simulation in the whole range of temperatures is related to the introduction of slow (phase field) and fast (gradient flow) variables into the original kinetic PFM from which the hodograph equation is obtained. The slow phase-field variable is responsible for the description of data at small undercoolings and the fast gradient flow variable accounts for local non-equilibrium effects at high undercoolings. The introduction of these two types of variables makes the solution of the hodograph equation sufficiently flexible for a reliable description of all nonlinearities of the kinetic curves predicted in MD simulations of Cr and Si. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 1)’.

Clinical observation of an HIV-infected patient heterozygous for the mutant allele of the CCR5 del 32 chemokine receptor

The article describes the clinical observation of an HIVinfected patient heterozygous for the mutant allele of the CCR5 del 32 chemokine receptor, who is not receiving antiretroviral therapy. The follow-up showed the course of the disease over 20 years of follow-up, without receiving antiretroviral therapy, with a gradual decrease in the number of CD4-lymphocytes and an increase in viral load.

Un regard sur le français inclusif canadien dans une journée de Twitter

This paper looks at the variation of typographical procedures and agreements related to inclusive French (FI) on the microblogging system Twitter in Canada. The corpus used includes 464 tweets geo-localized in Montreal, Ottawa and Quebec and published on May 12th, 2020. They were sorted into cases of simple inclusion (IS), uniform agreement (AU) and mixed agreement (AM). The results showed that IS (57%) is the most preferred approach. When the tweets presented more than one FI mark, the preferred structure was AM (27%). When compared to the 15% of AU cases, we might conclude that uniform agreement is not common in this corpus. The analysis of AM tokens showed a gradual decrease in agreement marks throughout a given tweet. The preferred FI typographical procedures in this corpus (complete doublets, abbreviated doublets with parentheses, and epicene forms) are consistent with the recommendations of the Office québécois de la langue française, despite the informal context. As my results show a set of alternative overlapping agreement systems, I propose that this heterogeneity is one of the characteristic features of inclusive French.