scholarly journals Dendritic cells produce interleukin-12 in hyperthyroid mice

1999 ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tamura ◽  
B Matsuura ◽  
S Miyauchi ◽  
M Onji
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Hyperthyroid State ◽  
Thyroid Glands

We previously reported that serum interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels were significantly increased in patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease and in normal subjects after administration of thyroid hormone. In the present study, we investigated which cells produce IL-12 and the interactions between IL-12 and thyroid hormones, using a hyperthyroid mouse model. Thyroid hormones induced IL-12 production, and IL-12 was mainly produced by dendritic cells outside the thyroid glands in a hyperthyroid state.

scholarly journals Increased levels of serum interleukin-12 in Graves' disease

1999 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tamaru ◽  
B Matsuura ◽  
M Onji
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Prolonged Stimulation ◽  
Hyperthyroid State

We investigated serum total interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels in patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The serum IL-12 levels in Graves' disease were significantly increased in the hyperthyroid state, and were decreased during treatment with methimazole or propylthiouracil in accordance with the decline of free tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) levels, free thyroxine levels and thyroid-binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII) levels. When T(3) was administered orally to normal subjects, serum IL-12 levels were slightly increased. These results suggest that IL-12 might be increased due to prolonged stimulation with thyroid hormone, and thyroid hormone by itself might be a self-perpetuating factor of Graves' disease via increased IL-12 production.

LINGUAL AND SUBLINGUAL THYROID GLANDS IN EUTHYROID CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-651
Author(s):  
Wellington Hung ◽  
Judson G. Randolph ◽  
Domenic Sabatini ◽  
Theodore Winship
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Careful Physical Examination

Five clinically euthyroid children with lingual or sublingual thyroid glands were seen during a 12-month period. Certain recommendations have been formulated based upon our experience with these patients. A careful physical examination should be performed to demonstrate the presence of a normally located thyroid gland in all children presenting with midline masses in the lingual or sublingual areas. When the thyroid gland cannot be palpated with certainty in these children, a scintiscan with I-131 should be carried out to determine if the mass is an ectopic thyroid gland and if a normally located thyroid gland is present. All children with lingual on sublingual thyroid glands should have a trial of full replacement thyroid hormone therapy before excision is contemplated. Thyroid therapy will prevent further hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Surgical intervention should be reserved for those children in whom there is dysphagia, dysphonia, ulceration, or hemorrhage due to a lingual thyroid gland or if the ectopic thyroid gland fails to decrease in size following a course of treatment with thyroid hormones.

scholarly journals Graves' Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 327-31
Author(s):  
M. Suttan Assin ◽  
Jusuf Rukman ◽  
Jose R. L. Batubara ◽  
Purnama Wati S. P.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patient ◽  
Hyperthyroid State

Thyroid hormones play an important role in the metabolic propesses. Its disturbances will involve several organs, consequently. A 5 year old girl with Graves' diseases, after several weeks of treatment with propylthiouracil (PTV), developed thyrotoxicosis crisis and diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis; a condition which is usually fatal. Treatment toward the hyperthyroid state overcome the diabetic stage, eventually. This report is an example of an endocrinological interaction in a hyperthyroid patient. Therefore, the diabetogenic effect of hyperthyroxinemia should not be overlooked.

Autoantibodies to thyroxin and triiodothyronine in the immunoglobulin G fraction of serum.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2561-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Li Calzi ◽  
S Benvenga ◽  
S Battiato ◽  
F Santini ◽  
F Trimarchi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Weak Binding ◽  
Idiopathic Myxedema

Abstract Thyroid hormone antibodies (THAbs)--i.e., antibodies to thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)--are detected rarely in human serum, where they are searched for, possibly because of a quantitatively minimal interaction between thyroid hormones (the haptens) and serum IgGs (the antibodies). The weak binding could result from these facts: (a) there are already six physiological carrier proteins for thyroid hormones; (b) THAbs usually account for a very small fraction of the total serum IgGs; (c) THAbs may have--as reported in the literature--a relatively low affinity. To ascertain whether THAbs could pass undetected in serum, we measured antibodies to T3 and T4 in both the serum and the corresponding IgG fraction of six normal persons and 45 patients with various thyroid diseases (Graves' disease, idiopathic myxedema, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, tumors), using radioimmunoprecipitation. The prevalence of antibodies to T4 was 0/51 in both the sera and the IgG fractions; the prevalence of antibodies to T3 was 1/51 in both materials. Because all of the sera that tested THAb negative were confirmed to be so in the THAb assay of the IgG fraction, we conclude that the prevalence of serum THAbs is not underestimated and that autoimmunization against thyroid hormones is really a rare phenomenon.

Mechanism of increased hepatic concentration of carnitine by clofibrate

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (3) ◽  
pp. E311-E315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Paul ◽  
C. E. Gleditsch ◽  
S. A. Adibi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Hypolipidemic Drug ◽  
Hyperthyroid State ◽  
Hepatic Synthesis

Our previous studies have shown that treatment of rats with clofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, greatly increases the total concentration of carnitine in the liver (H. S. Paul and S. A. Adibi, J. Clin. Invest. 64: 405-412, 1979). In the present experiment we have investigated some possible mechanisms to account for this increase. Clofibrate treatment (30 mg/100 g rat/day for 2 wk) increased significantly the concentration (nmol/g, mean +/- SE, 6 rats) of both free (289 +/- 21 vs. 1,747 +/- 131) and acylcarnitine (87 +/- 11 vs. 412 +/- 42). These increases were not the result of redistribution of carnitine among tissues or due to a decrease in urinary excretion. In view of previous observations that thyroid hormones increase the hepatic concentrations of carnitine, and clofibrate treatment causes a hyperthyroid state in the liver, we investigated the effect of clofibrate in thyroidectomized rats. Clofibrate treatment of thyroidectomized rats also increased the concentration of free (423 +/- 25 vs. 1,460 +/- 123) and acylcarnitine (35 +/- 6 vs. 305 +/- 31) in the liver. Finally, clofibrate treatment significantly increased the urinary excretion of trimethyllysine, a precursor of carnitine (31 +/- 3 vs. 47 +/- 4 nmol/mg creatinine, mean +/- SE, 5 rats). Our data suggest that clofibrate treatment stimulates hepatic synthesis of carnitine by increasing the availability of its precursor, trimethyllysine. This effect of clofibrate is independent of thyroid hormone.

scholarly journals Behavioral assessment of children and adolescents with Graves’ disease: A prospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248937
Author(s):  
Sherifa Ahmed Hamed ◽  
Fadia Ahmed Attiah ◽  
Samir Kamal Abdulhamid ◽  
Mohamed Fawzy
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Active Disease

Previous studies have identified frequent comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders and conditions in adults with thyrotoxicosis. These studies are scarce or even lacking in pediatric population. This work aimed to study the behavior of children and adolescents with Graves’ disease (GD). This study included 35 children with GD (boys = 15; girls = 25; mean age: 11.45±1.50yrs) and 40 healthy children (boys = 20; girls = 20; mean age: 12.54±1.62yrs). Behavior was assessed using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Children with GD were assessed during periods of thyroid hormone elevation (active disease) and normalized thyroid hormones (with anti-thyroid drugs or ATDs). Compared to healthy children, patients during periods of thyroid hormone elevation (74.29%) and normalized thyroid hormones (31.43%) had higher frequencies of behavioral abnormalities and scorings of total CBCL scale (P = 0.01; P = 0.04, respectively) and its subscales’ [Anxious/Depressed (P = 0.02; P = 0.04), Withdrawn/Depressed (P = 0.03; P = 0.04) and Somatic Complaints (P = 0.03; P = 0.127) and Social (P = 0.01; P = 0.225), Thought (P = 0.01; P = 0.128) and Attention (P = 0.01; P = 0.01) problems], indicating internalizing and externalizing problems. The majority of patients had at least two different behavioral problems. Marked improvement was found during period of normalized thyroid hormones (P = 0.001). Correlation analyses showed significant associations between total CBCL scoring and age at onset (P = 0.01; P = 0.001) and lower concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (P = 0.001; P = 0.04) and higher concentrations of free thyroxine (fT4) (P = 0.01; P = 0.02), triiodothyronine (fT3) (P = 0.01; P = 0.03) and thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) (P = 0.001; P = 0.01) during periods of thyroid hormone elevation and normalized thyroid hormones, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that "at presentation" lower concentrations of TSH (P = 0.001; P = 0.03) and higher concentrations of fT4 (P = 0.001, P = 0.01), fT3 (P = 0.01; P = 0.06) and TRAbs (P = 0.001; P = 0.001) were predictors of behavioral problems during periods of active disease and normalized thyroid hormones. We conclude that GD is associated with higher frequencies and severities of anxiety, depression and inattention during periods of thyroid hormone elevation as well as normalized thyroid hormones with ATDs. Therefore, early diagnosis and optimizing management are required to improve children’s social life.

scholarly journals Thyroid arterial embolization for the treatment of hyperthyroidism in a patient with thyrotoxic crisis

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Bu-Lang Gao ◽  
Gen-Fa Yi ◽  
Hui-Ying Yang ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Arterial Embolization ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Thyrotoxic Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormones

Purpose: We report a case of hyperthyroidism in a young woman caused by Graves’ disease that was successfully treated with thyroid arterial embolization. Clinical details: A 35 year-old woman with a history of thyrotoxic crises was admitted after the last thyroid crisis. Thyroid arterial embolization was used to treat the hyperthyroidism after it had been controlled. Immediately after embolization, the enlarged thyroid gland shrank and vascular murmurs disappeared. Serum thyroid hormones increased on day 3 following embolization but decreased gradually. Thyroid hormone returned to normal 2 months after embolization and remained normal at three years. Conclusion: Thyroid arterial embolization is an effective means to treat refractory hyperthyroidism.

Comparison of calculated and measured free thyroid hormones in serum in health and in abnormal states.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fresco ◽  
G Curti ◽  
A Biggi ◽  
B Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Law Of Mass Action ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormone

Abstract To evaluate a theoretical model for calculating free thyroid hormones, based on the law of mass action, we compared values for both calculated and measured free thyroxin and free triiodothyronine in a group of normal subjects. To determine whether the concentrations of circulating free hormones were also predictable from equilibrium considerations in abnormal states, we compared calculated and measured free thyroid hormone values in an additional population including pregnant women and hyperthyroid, hypothyroid, and "sick euthyroid" patients. Predictions based on the model were accurate in all these states except pregnancy, where there was some discrepancy between calculated and measured values for both hormones. In pregnant women with large abnormalities in thyroid-hormone-binding proteins, euthyroidism was accompanied by significantly lower free hormone concentrations, leading us to conclude that, in pregnancy, equilibrium may be reached at concentrations lower than those in other healthy subjects. Values for calculated and measured free thyroid hormones in "sick euthyroids" showed no discrepancy; however, we cannot exclude the possibility that non-dialyzable compounds are present that interfere with the hormone-protein binding.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ORAL ALFACALCIDOL ON MATURATION OF DENDRITIC CELLS IN GRAVES’ DISEASE PATIENTS: A DOUBLE-BLINDED RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyah Purnamasari ◽  
Samsuridjal Djauzi ◽  
Siti Setiati ◽  
Alida Harahap ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Pemayun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Dc Maturation

Maturity level of dendritic cells (DC) plays a pivotal role in initiating and regulating autoimmunity. In graves’ disease (GD), DCs have more active immune responses than those in healthy subjects. Our previous study demonstrated immunoregulatory effects of in vitro 1,25-D3 on maturation of DC in GD patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oral 1α-D3 on DC maturation in GD patients. Methods: Twenty five GD patients with thyrotoxicosis were divided into two groups: 12 GD patients receiving oral 1α-D3 and 13 GD patients receiving placebo, in addition to treatment of propylthiouracil. Comparison of DC maturation were performed before and after the oral 1α-D3. DC maturation was assessed based on the expression of DC markers (HLA-DR, CD80, CD40, CD83, CD14 and CD206) and the ratio of cytokines interleukin-12/IL-10.Results: After 8 weeks, 8 out of 12 GD patients in treatment group and 6 out of 13 GD patients in placebo group still had high fT4 level. The expression of CD80 decreased (p=0.48) and CD206 increased (p=0.47) insignificantly among treatment group. The IL-12/IL-10 ratio decreased along with the improvement of fT4 level in both groups. No difference of the IL-12/IL10 ratio between treatment and placebo group. Conclusion: The effects of oral 1α-D3 on DC maturation of GD patients have not been clearly demonstrated in this study yet.  

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