scholarly journals Hemorrhagic stroke: a diagnosis guided by visual field findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Auchter Riese ◽  
Melissa Annette Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
The Right ◽  
Head Computed Tomography ◽  
Eye Clinic

This case report outlines a patient with a hemorrhagic stroke who presented to the eye clinic with visual field loss, which the patient interpreted as blur, and a severe headache. The visual field loss consisted of an incomplete homonymous hemianopsia with an absolute superior defect, which corresponds well to the right sided temporal lobe hemorrhage found on head computed tomography (CT) scan. This case highlights the importance of all eye care providers recognizing stroke symptoms and understanding referral timelines and protocols as well as the high predictive value of visual fields.

Long-term visual outcome after microsurgical removal of occipital lobe cavernomas

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juri Kivelev ◽  
Elina Koskela ◽  
Kirsi Setälä ◽  
Mika Niemelä ◽  
Juha Hernesniemi
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Visual Field Deficit

Object Cavernomas in the occipital lobe are relatively rare. Because of the proximity to the visual cortex and incoming subcortical tracts, microsurgical removal of occipital cavernomas may be associated with a risk of visual field defects. The goal of the study was to analyze long-term outcome after operative treatment of occipital cavernomas with special emphasis on visual outcome. Methods Of the 390 consecutive patients with cavernomas who were treated at Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1980 and 2011, 19 (5%) had occipital cavernomas. Sixteen patients (4%) were surgically treated and are included in this study. The median age was 39 years (range 3–59 years). Seven patients (56%) suffered from hemorrhage preoperatively, 5 (31%) presented with visual field deficits, 11 (69%) suffered from seizures, and 4 (25%) had multiple cavernomas. Surgery was indicated for progressive neurological deterioration. The median follow-up after surgery was 5.25 years (range 0.5–14 years). Results All patients underwent thorough neuroophthalmological assessment to determine visual outcome after surgery. Visual fields were classified as normal, mild homonymous visual field loss (not disturbing the patient, driving allowed), moderate homonymous visual field loss (disturbing the patient, driving prohibited), and severe visual field loss (total homonymous hemianopia or total homonymous quadrantanopia). At the last follow-up, 4 patients (25%) had normal visual fields, 6 (38%) had a mild visual field deficit, 1 (6%) complained of moderate visual field impairment, and 5 (31%) had severe homonymous visual field loss. Cavernomas seated deeper than 2 cm from the pial surface carried a 4.4-fold risk of postoperative visual field deficit relative to superficial ones (p = 0.034). Six (55%) of the 11 patients presenting with seizures were seizure-free postoperatively. Eleven (69%) of 16 patients had no disability during the long-term follow-up. Conclusions Surgical removal of occipital cavernomas may carry a significant risk of postoperative visual field deficit, and the risk is even higher for deeper lesions. Seizure outcome after removal of these cavernomas appeared to be worse than that after removal in other supratentorial locations. This should be taken into account during preoperative planning.

On the Relation between Visual Spatial Attention and Visual Field Asymmetries

1992 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A Mondor ◽  
M.P. Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Letter Identification ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
The Right

In the typical visual laterality experiment, words and letters are more rapidly and accurately identified in the right visual field than in the left. However, while such studies usually control fixation, the deployment of visual attention is rarely restricted. The present studies investigated the influence of visual attention on the visual field asymmetries normally observed in single-letter identification and lexical decision tasks. Attention was controlled using a peripheral cue that provided advance knowledge of the location of the forthcoming stimulus. The time period between the onset of the cue and the onset of the stimulus (Stimulus Onset Asynchrony—SOA) was varied, such that the time available for attention to focus upon the location was controlled. At short SO As a right visual field advantage for identifying single letters and for making lexical decisions was apparent. However, at longer SOAs letters and words presented in the two visual fields were identified equally well. It is concluded that visual field advantages arise from an interaction of attentional and structural factors and that the attentional component in visual field asymmetries must be controlled in order to approximate more closely a true assessment of the relative functional capabilities of the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

Charles Bonnet syndrome as first manifestation of occipital infarction

2022 ◽  
pp. 112067212110697
Author(s):  
Marta Isabel Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Gema Bolívar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Purpose To describe a case of Charles Bonnet syndrome as the first manifestation of occipital infarction in a patient with preserved visual acuity. Observations We report a 78-year-old man followed in our department with a two-month-long history of visual hallucinations based on the vision of flowers and fruits intermittently, being perceived as unreal images. Best-corrected visual acuity was stable in the follow-up time being 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye. Extraocular muscle function testing, pupillary reflexes, biomicroscopy, fundus and optical coherence tomography examinations did not reveal any interesting findings. In order to rule out occipital pathology, orbital-cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was performed, showing an image compatible with the chronic ischemic right occipital lesion. The patient was diagnosed with Charles Bonnet syndrome secondary to occipital infarction and neurology decided that no treatment was required. 24-2 and 10-2 visual field tests showed no remarkable alterations and Full-field 120 point screening test showed nonspecific peripheral defects. Hallucinations improved over the months, being described as not annoying and increasingly infrequent. Conclusions and Importance Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition characterized by the presence of recurrent and complex visual hallucinations in patients with visual pathway pathologic defects. Visual acuity or visual field loss is not a requirement for diagnosis. Charles Bonnet syndrome should be suspected in all patients with non-disturbing visual hallucinations, even though they present good visual acuteness. It will be essential to perform complementary explorations to identify the underlying pathology that allows the starting of a correct treatment option.

scholarly journals Estimating Rates of Progression and Predicting Future Visual Fields in Glaucoma Using a Deep Variational Autoencoder

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel I. Berchuck ◽  
Sayan Mukherjee ◽  
Felipe A. Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Standard Automated Perimetry ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm

AbstractIn this manuscript we develop a deep learning algorithm to improve estimation of rates of progression and prediction of future patterns of visual field loss in glaucoma. A generalized variational auto-encoder (VAE) was trained to learn a low-dimensional representation of standard automated perimetry (SAP) visual fields using 29,161 fields from 3,832 patients. The VAE was trained on a 90% sample of the data, with randomization at the patient level. Using the remaining 10%, rates of progression and predictions were generated, with comparisons to SAP mean deviation (MD) rates and point-wise (PW) regression predictions, respectively. The longitudinal rate of change through the VAE latent space (e.g., with eight dimensions) detected a significantly higher proportion of progression than MD at two (25% vs. 9%) and four (35% vs 15%) years from baseline. Early on, VAE improved prediction over PW, with significantly smaller mean absolute error in predicting the 4th, 6th and 8th visits from the first three (e.g., visit eight: VAE8: 5.14 dB vs. PW: 8.07 dB; P < 0.001). A deep VAE can be used for assessing both rates and trajectories of progression in glaucoma, with the additional benefit of being a generative technique capable of predicting future patterns of visual field damage.

Interocular torsional disparity and visual cortical development in the cat

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Isley ◽  
D. C. Rogers-Ramachandran ◽  
P. G. Shinkman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Orientation Columns ◽  
Areas 17 And 18 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Cortical

1. The present experiments were designed to assess the effects of relatively large optically induced interocular torsional disparities on the developing kitten visual cortex. Kittens were reared with restricted visual experience. Three groups viewed a normal visual environment through goggles fitted with small prisms that introduced torsional disparities between the left and right eyes' visual fields, equal but opposite in the two eyes. Kittens in the +32 degrees goggle rearing condition experienced a 16 degrees counterclockwise rotation of the left visual field and a 16 degrees clockwise rotation of the right visual field; in the -32 degrees goggle condition the rotations were clockwise in the left eye and counterclockwise in the right. In the control (0 degree) goggle condition, the prisms did not rotate the visual fields. Three additional groups viewed high-contrast square-wave gratings through Polaroid filters arranged to provide a constant 32 degrees of interocular orientation disparity. 2. Recordings were made from neurons in visual cortex around the border of areas 17 and 18 in all kittens. Development of cortical ocular dominance columns was severely disrupted in all the experimental (rotated) rearing conditions. Most cells were classified in the extreme ocular dominance categories 1, 2, 6, and 7. Development of the system of orientation columns was also affected: among the relatively few cells with oriented receptive fields in both eyes, the distributions of interocular disparities in preferred stimulus orientation were centered near 0 degree but showed significantly larger variances than in the control condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Bilateral Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy Caused by Eye Rubbing

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Savastano ◽  
Maria Cristina Savastano ◽  
Laura Carlomusto ◽  
Silvio Savastano
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Pattern Electroretinogram ◽  
Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
The Right

In this report, we describe a particular condition of a 52-year-old man who showed advanced bilateral glaucomatous-like optic disc damage, even though the intraocular pressure resulted normal during all examinations performed. Visual field test, steady-state pattern electroretinogram, retinal nerve fiber layer and retinal tomographic evaluations were performed to evaluate the optic disc damage. Over a 4-year observational period, his visual acuity decreased to 12/20 in the right eye and counting fingers in the left eye. Visual fields were severely compromised, and intraocular pressure values were not superior to 14 mm Hg during routine examinations. An accurate anamnesis and the suspicion of this disease represent a crucial aspect to establish the correct diagnosis. In fact, our patient strongly rubbed his eyes for more than 10 h per day. Recurrent and continuous eye rubbing can induce progressive optic neuropathy, causing severe visual field damage similar to the pathology of advanced glaucoma.

Vocal Reaction Times to Tachistoscopically Presented High- and Low-Frequency Verbs: Some Evidence for Selective Minor Hemisphere Linguistic Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Catherine Loren
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Intact Brain ◽  
The Right

The current study investigated the capacity of the right hemisphere to process verbs using a paradigm proven reliable for predicting differential, minor hemisphere lexical analysis in the normal, intact brain. Vocal reaction times of normal subjects were measured to unilaterally presented verbs of high and of low frequency. A significant interaction was noted between the stimulus items and visual fields. Post hoc tests showed that vocal reaction times to verbs of high frequency were significantly faster following right visual-field presentations (right hemisphere). No significant differences in vocal reaction time occurred between the two visual fields for the verbs of low frequency. Also, significant differences were observed between the two types of verbs following left visual-field presentation but not the right. These results were interpreted to suggest that right-hemispheric analysis was restricted to the verbs of high frequency in the presence of a dominant left hemisphere.

scholarly journals Novel Pathogenic Sequence Variants in NR2E3 and Clinical Findings in Three Patients

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1288
Author(s):  
Saoud Al-khuzaei ◽  
Suzanne Broadgate ◽  
Stephanie Halford ◽  
Jasleen K. Jolly ◽  
Morag Shanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Targeted Ngs ◽  
Clinical Records

A retrospective review of the clinical records of patients seen at the Oxford Eye Hospital identified as having NR2E3 mutations was performed. The data included symptoms, best-corrected visual acuity, multimodal retinal imaging, visual fields and electrophysiology testing. Three participants were identified with biallelic NR2E3 pathogenic sequence variants detected using a targeted NGS gene panel, two of which were novel. Participant I was a Nepalese male aged 68 years, and participants II and III were white Caucasian females aged 69 and 10 years old, respectively. All three had childhood onset nyctalopia, a progressive decrease in central vision, and visual field loss. Patients I and III had photopsia, patient II had photosensitivity and patient III also had photophobia. Visual acuities in patients I and II were preserved even into the seventh decade, with the worst visual acuity measured at 6/36. Visual field constriction was severe in participant I, less so in II, and fields were full to bright targets targets in participant III. Electrophysiology testing in all three demonstrated loss of rod function. The three patients share some of the typical distinctive features of NR2E3 retinopathies, as well as a novel clinical observation of foveal ellipsoid thickening.

Backward Contralateral Masking by Light and by Random Pattern

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Bart Jarvis ◽  
Julia Vormbrock ◽  
Dennis P. Saccuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Backward Masking ◽  
Pattern Mask ◽  
Cortex Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
Contralateral Masking

Letter-stimuli as targets were presented to the right or left visual fields and followed either by a flash of light or by a flash of light plus a patterned mask. The patterned mask always appeared in the opposite visual field of the letter targets. Analysis showed that masking occurred for both types of masks but that subjects produced more errors at each of five intervals between onset of the target and onset of the mask for the flash of light plus a patterned mask in the opposite visual field than for the flash of light alone. A pattern mask, when presented to the opposite visual field of a target stimulus, interferes with target processing at short target-mask intervals. These findings suggest that central backward masking may involve target-mask interactions beyond the visual cortex (Area 17).

Visual Field Sensitivity on a Two-Choice Discrimination Task

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Salmon ◽  
Albert Rodwan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Field Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Detection Analysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

A signal-detection analysis was used to evaluate visual-field sensitivity on a two-choice (same/different) discrimination task. Pairs of unfamiliar geometrical forms were presented tachistoscopically to the right or left visual fields of 12 subjects. Of 12 subjects 11 obtained left visual-field values which exceeded those of the right. The data suggested that the superiority of stimulation of the left visual field resulted from greater sensitivity to “same” figure pairs.

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