scholarly journals A TEORIA GEOSSISTÊMICA NA PESQUISA GEOMORFOLÓGICA: UMA ABORDAGEM TEÓRICO-CONCEITUAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Caio Lima-dos Santos ◽  
Osvaldo Girão
Keyword(s):  
Physical Geography ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
Effect Relation

<p>A teoria geossistêmica está fortemente inserida na geográfica física, sobretudo no campo da pesquisa geomorfológica. Essa teoria busca realizar suas analises através da relação de causa e efeitos dos elementos que compõe o sistema terrestre, bem como tenta explicar como esses elementos se materializam no tempo e no espaço. Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma discussão teórica e conceitual sobre a teoria geossistêmica e seu desenvolvimento dentro da pesquisa geomorfológica, fazendo assim uma reflexão sobre o potencial e as fragilidades apresentadas por essa teoria. Destaca-se, portanto, a importância dessa teoria para orientar a ocupação territorial, considerando os atributos físico-ambientais e sua dinâmica, com intuito estabelecer uma ação humana menos onerosa à natureza e a sociedade que faz uso desses espaços.</p><p>THE GEOSYSTEMIC THEORY IN GEOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH: A THEORETICAL-CONCEPTUAL APPROACH</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br /> The geosystemic theory is strongly embedded in Physical Geography, especially in the field of geomorphological research. This theory seeks to accomplish its analysis through the cause-effect relation of the elements that compose the Earth system, and it also attempts to explain how these elements are materialized in time and space. This article aims at making a theoretical and conceptual discussion on geosystemic theory and its development within the geomorphological research, thus making a reflection on the potential and weaknesses presented by this theory. We emphasize; however, the importance of this theory to guide land occupation considering the physical and environmental attributes and its dynamics in order to establish a less onerous nature and human society action that use these spaces.</p><p><span><br /></span></p>

scholarly journals Cryosphere: a kingdom of anomalies and diversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Melnikov ◽  
Viktor Gennadinik ◽  
Markku Kulmala ◽  
Hanna K. Lappalainen ◽  
Tuukka Petäjä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Geography ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
The Universe

Abstract. The cryosphere of the Earth overlaps with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere over vast areas with temperatures below zero C and pronounced H2O phase changes. In spite of its strong variability in space and time, the cryosphere plays the role of a global thermostat keeping the thermal regime on the Earth within rather narrow limits affording continuation of the conditions needed for the maintenance of life. Objects and processes related to cryosphere are very diverse due to the following basic reasons: anomalous thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of H2O, intermediate intensity of hydrogen bonds, and very wide spread of cryogenic systems all over the Earth. These features yet attract insufficient attention of research communities. Cryology is usually understood as a descriptive discipline within physical geography basically limited to glaciology and permafrost research. We emphasize its broad interdisciplinary landscape involving physical, chemical and biological phenomena related to the H2O phase transitions and various forms of ice. This paper aims to attract attention of readers to crucial importance of cryogenic anomalies which make the Earth atmosphere and the entire Earth system very specific, if not unique, objects in the universe.

scholarly journals Cryosphere: a kingdom of anomalies and diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 6535-6542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Melnikov ◽  
Viktor Gennadinik ◽  
Markku Kulmala ◽  
Hanna K. Lappalainen ◽  
Tuukka Petäjä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Geography ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
The Universe

Abstract. The cryosphere of the Earth overlaps with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere over vast areas with temperatures below 0 ∘C and pronounced H2O phase changes. In spite of its strong variability in space and time, the cryosphere plays the role of a global thermostat, keeping the thermal regime on the Earth within rather narrow limits, affording continuation of the conditions needed for the maintenance of life. Objects and processes related to cryosphere are very diverse, due to the following basic reasons: the anomalous thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of H2O, the intermediate intensity of hydrogen bonds and the wide spread of cryogenic systems all over the Earth. However, these features attract insufficient attention from research communities. Cryology is usually understood as a descriptive discipline within physical geography, limited to glaciology and permafrost research. We emphasise its broad interdisciplinary landscape involving physical, chemical and biological phenomena related to the H2O phase transitions and various forms of ice. This paper aims to draw the attention of readers to the crucial importance of cryogenic anomalies, which make the Earth atmosphere and the entire Earth system very special, if not unique, objects in the universe.

Editorial: Fire in the Earth System

PAGES news ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Whitlock ◽  
Willy Tinner
Keyword(s):  
Earth System ◽  
The Earth

SPIES AND BLOGGERS: NEW SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY TOOLS TO UNDERSTAND MICROBIAL PROCESSES IN THE EARTH SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Masiello ◽  
◽  
Jonathan J. Silberg ◽  
Hsiao-Ying Cheng ◽  
Ilenne Del Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Microbial Processes ◽  
Earth System ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals High and specific diversity of protists in the deep-sea basins dominated by diplonemids, kinetoplastids, ciliates and foraminiferans

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schoenle ◽  
Manon Hohlfeld ◽  
Karoline Hermanns ◽  
Frédéric Mahé ◽  
Colomban de Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Unicellular Eukaryotes ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Pelagic Communities

AbstractHeterotrophic protists (unicellular eukaryotes) form a major link from bacteria and algae to higher trophic levels in the sunlit ocean. Their role on the deep seafloor, however, is only fragmentarily understood, despite their potential key function for global carbon cycling. Using the approach of combined DNA metabarcoding and cultivation-based surveys of 11 deep-sea regions, we show that protist communities, mostly overlooked in current deep-sea foodweb models, are highly specific, locally diverse and have little overlap to pelagic communities. Besides traditionally considered foraminiferans, tiny protists including diplonemids, kinetoplastids and ciliates were genetically highly diverse considerably exceeding the diversity of metazoans. Deep-sea protists, including many parasitic species, represent thus one of the most diverse biodiversity compartments of the Earth system, forming an essential link to metazoans.

scholarly journals Applicability of NGGM near-real time simulations in flood detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
A. F. Purkhauser ◽  
J. A. Koch ◽  
R. Pail
Keyword(s):  
European Space Agency ◽  
Earth System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Future Mission ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Flood Detection ◽  
The One ◽  
Real Time Simulations ◽  
Grace Mission ◽  
Gravity Mission

Abstract The GRACE mission has demonstrated a tremendous potential for observing mass changes in the Earth system from space for climate research and the observation of climate change. Future mission should on the one hand extend the already existing time series and also provide higher spatial and temporal resolution that is required to fulfil all needs placed on a future mission. To analyse the applicability of such a Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) concept regarding hydrological applications, two GRACE-FO-type pairs in Bender formation are analysed. The numerical closed loop simulations with a realistic noise assumption are based on the short arc approach and make use of the Wiese approach, enabling a self-de-aliasing of high-frequency atmospheric and oceanic signals, and a NRT approach for a short latency. Numerical simulations for future gravity mission concepts are based on geophysical models, representing the time-variable gravity field. First tests regarding the usability of the hydrology component contained in the Earth System Model (ESM) by the European Space Agency (ESA) for the analysis regarding a possible flood monitoring and detection showed a clear signal in a third of the analysed flood cases. Our analysis of selected cases found that detection of floods was clearly possible with the reconstructed AOHIS/HIS signal in 20% of the tested examples, while in 40% of the cases a peak was visible but not clearly recognisable.

scholarly journals A potential feedback loop underlying glacial-interglacial cycles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els Weinans ◽  
Anne Willem Omta ◽  
George A. K. van Voorn ◽  
Egbert H. van Nes
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Ocean Ventilation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Convergent Cross Mapping

AbstractThe sawtooth-patterned glacial-interglacial cycles in the Earth’s atmospheric temperature are a well-known, though poorly understood phenomenon. Pinpointing the relevant mechanisms behind these cycles will not only provide insights into past climate dynamics, but also help predict possible future responses of the Earth system to changing CO$$_2$$ 2 levels. Previous work on this phenomenon suggests that the most important underlying mechanisms are interactions between marine biological production, ocean circulation, temperature and dust. So far, interaction directions (i.e., what causes what) have remained elusive. In this paper, we apply Convergent Cross-Mapping (CCM) to analyze paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic records to elucidate which mechanisms proposed in the literature play an important role in glacial-interglacial cycles, and to test the directionality of interactions. We find causal links between ocean ventilation, biological productivity, benthic $$\delta ^{18}$$ δ 18 O and dust, consistent with some but not all of the mechanisms proposed in the literature. Most importantly, we find evidence for a potential feedback loop from ocean ventilation to biological productivity to climate back to ocean ventilation. Here, we propose the hypothesis that this feedback loop of connected mechanisms could be the main driver for the glacial-interglacial cycles.

scholarly journals A Clear Past and a Murky Future: Life in the Anthropocene on the Pampana River, Sierra Leone

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Marcantonio ◽  
Agustin Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Sierra Leonean ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Complex Adaptive

The impacts of human activities on ecosystems are significantly increasing the rate of environmental change in the earth system, reshaping the global landscape. The rapid rate of environmental change is disrupting the ability of millions of people around the globe to live their everyday lives and maintain their human niche. Evidence suggests that we have entered (or created) a new epoch, the Anthropocene, which is defined as the period in which humans and human activities are the primary drivers of planetary change. The Anthropocene denotes a global shift, but it is the collective of local processes. This is our frame for investigating local accounts of human-caused disruptive environmental change in the Pampana River in Tonkolili District, Northern Province, Sierra Leone. Since the end of the Sierra Leonean civil war in 2002, the country has experienced a rapid increase in extractive industries, namely mining. We explored the effects of this development by working with communities along the Pampana River in Tonkolili, with a specific focus given to engaging local fishermen through ethnographic interviews (N = 21 fishermen and 33 non-fishermen), focus group discussions (N = 21 fishermen), and participant observation. We deployed theoretical and methodological frameworks from human niche construction theory, complex adaptive systems, and ethnography to track disruptive environmental change in and on the Pampana from upstream activities and the concomitant shifts in the local human niche. We highlight the value of integrating ethnographic methods with human evolutionary theory, produce important insights about local human coping processes with disruptive environmental change, and help to further account for and understand the ongoing global process of human modification of the earth system in the Anthropocene.

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