scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY SHOCKS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, AND CAPITAL TAXES

Ekonomika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Aras Zirgulis
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Competition ◽  
Productivity Shocks ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Capital Tax ◽  
Model Evidence ◽  
Dynamic Spatial Model

The present study deals with the effect that productivity and capital taxes have on foreign direct investment through a panel consisting of 41 countries utilising the GMM system on a dynamic spatial model. Evidence reveals that an increase in the domestic capital tax rate leads to less FDI inflows, and higher levels of domestic productivity growth lead to less FDI inflows. Foreign competition did not have a significant effect on domestic FDI inflows.

scholarly journals Modelling the synergy between fiscal incentives and foreign direct investment in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
Adamu Braimah Abille ◽  
Desmond Mbe-Nyire Mpuure ◽  
Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni ◽  
Peter Dadzie
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Short Run

PurposeThe purpose of the paper was to investigate the role of fiscal incentives in driving foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the Ghanaian economy based on data from 1975 to 2017 with the Eclectic paradigm as the theoretical basis. FDI inflows was the dependent variable whiles trade openness, corporate tax rate, exchange rate and market size were the independent variables with corporate tax rate as the main explanatory variable of interest.Design/methodology/approachThe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test technique was employed to investigate Cointegration in the model. The results showed the presence of cointegration among the variables.FindingsThe results revealed that corporate tax rates have a significant negative impact on FDI inflows into the Ghanaian economy in the long run and significant positive impact on FDI inflows in the short run. In the context of Ghana, the positive short-run relationship observed is attributed to the lag effect of tax policy on FDI inflows.Research limitations/implicationsOne obvious limitation of the research is that, it does not identify the specific foreign businesses that are more deserving of a low corporate rate and to what extent can that boost FDI inflows in Ghana. Another limitation is that the data analyzed in the paper is exclusively for Ghana and the findings may not be generalized for other countries.Practical implicationsBased on the research findings, it is recommended that the Ghana Revenue Service (GRA) restructures the corporate tax regime in the country to deal with the policy lapses. It is also recommended that low corporate rates should be maintained especially in respect of foreign companies that are into the production of goods and services for which indigenous companies in Ghana have a comparative disadvantage in order to drive FDI into the Ghanaian economy.Originality/valueThis paper is unique for providing up to date and dynamic insights into the tax incentive and FDI nexus in the Ghanaian context.

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Sauwaluck Koojaroenprasit
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Significant Relationships

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Australia were analyzed from 1986 to 2011, based on data availability. The determinants considered FDI inflows according to aggregate FDI inflows and FDI inflows by the top three source countries (USA, UK and Japan). Empirical studies identified four results. (1) For the determinants of FDI in Australia, a larger market size will attract more FDI, whereas more openness and a higher corporate tax rate will discourage FDI inflows into Australia. Lower customs duty and lower interest and depreciation of exchange rates will attract more FDI. The relationship between FDI inflows into Australia and wages was not significant. (2) For the determinants of US inward FDI in Australia, a larger market size will attract more US inward FDI in Australia, whereas more openness and an appreciation of the exchange rate will discourage US inward FDI in Australia. A negative and significant relationship was obtained between customs duty and US inward FDI in Australia. There were positive and significant relationships between US inward FDI in Australia and both the interest and corporate tax rates. (3) For the determinants of UK inward FDI in Australia, greater research and development in Australia will attract more UK inward FDI in Australia, whereas a higher corporate tax rate will discourage UK inward FDI in Australia. The positive relationship between market size and UK inward FDI in Australia was not significant. Openness, customs duty and inflation did not have significant relationships with UK inward FDI in Australia. (4) For the determinants of Japanese inward FDI in Australia, higher wages and greater research and development will attract more Japanese inward FDI in Australia, whereas higher customs duty and a higher corporate tax rate will discourage Japanese inward FDI in Australia. There was no significant relationship between Japanese inward FDI in Australia and either the interest or exchange rates.

Foreign Direct Investment in Central Europe Since 1990: An Econometric Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Lansbury ◽  
Nigel Pain ◽  
Katerina Smidkova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
Econometric Study

It is widely recognised that foreign direct investment (FDI) may have an important role to play in the transformation of the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe. FDI provides a vital source of investment for modernising the industrial structure of these countries and for improving the quality and reliability of infrastructure. In addition new investments may also bring badly needed skills and technologies into the host economy. Evidence from joint ventures in Hungary (Lane, 1994) shows that such firms had a higher propensity to trade and invest than purely indigenous firms. Total FDI inflows into Hungary between 1991–93 were equivalent to 25 per cent of total fixed domestic capital formation (UINDTCI, 1995).

scholarly journals An Empirical Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minhas Akbar ◽  
Ahsan Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
Determinants Of Fdi

Abstract The aim of this paper is to explore the trends in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Pakistan and to identify the key determinants of FDI for the period of 2000-2013. The country experienced a continuous surge in FDI inflows from 2000-2008. On the contrary, the phase of 2009-2013 has been characterized by a persistent decline in FDI in Pakistan. This slump is mainly attributed to political and economic instability as wells as poor law and order situation in the country. Keeping these periods with differing results in perspective, multiple regression analysis is employed to empirically analyze the key determinants that are expected to explain variation in FDI in Pakistan. The selected variables were found significant determinants of FDI in Pakistan. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), degree of trade openness and regime of dictatorship have a significant positive effect on FDI. While, terrorism attacks foreign debt, exchange rate, political instability, and domestic capital formation are negatively significant determinants of FDI inflows in Pakistan. Considering the dynamic changes in the broad macro factors in economy, this study provides a fresh perspective on the factors that determine FDI in Pakistan. Moreover, the study findings provide important insights to policy makers to design policy measures that enhance FDI inflows in Pakistan.

scholarly journals The Effect of Corporate Profit Tax on Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Albania

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Shpresa Cela
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Corporate Profit ◽  
Legal Infrastructure

The aim of this study is to analyze the major cause of the instability of foreign direct investments in Albania these last years, their lowest level of FDI when compared with other countries in the region, and the importance of these investments in developing countries like Albania. The size of FDI has a significant effect on the financial and macroeconomic factors, government and infrastructure factors, and the factors by fiscal nature. In this study, we disengage fiscal factors and in particular, the corporate profit tax rate. The aim of this study was to prove that in countries with weak legal infrastructure, this factor is statistically significant in attracting Foreign Direct Investment. Thus, should Albania be considered as a country with weak legal infrastructure? Due to this question, we took into consideration specific indicators measured in recent years by various world organizations by comparing them with various countries of the region. Also, we built an econometric model through multiple regression by collecting data on the tax rate applied in Albania from 1992- 2016, and the level of FDI for this period. This is in a bid to ascertain the effect or impact that profit taxes has on FDI inflows in Albania. In conclusion, Corporate Tax Rates is a factor that has a very significant impact on the size of FDI in Albania.

Economic and legal instruments for the realization of foreign direct investment in infrastructure sectors of the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Orshanska Marіana
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fdi Attraction

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature, characteristics and keyproblems of the main types of economic and legal instruments for the realizationof foreign direct investment (FDI). the methodological basis of the study is asystematic approach to the processing and compilation of statistics and indicators,as well as methods for their comparison, analysis and synthesis and a method offorecasting decisions on the use of investment potential to increase the attractivenessand volume of FDI attraction. The scientific novelty of the research lies in theanalysis of greenfield and brownfield strategies as the main forms of FDIimplementation, the disclosure of the content and interpretation of data on thereal state of FDI attraction, the search for opportunities to improve the investmentclimate and effective mechanisms for attracting foreign investors. conclusions. Itis confirmed that the investment attractiveness and rating of the country in theinternational market are the main factors for attracting investors. Inaccessibleinfrastructure, inefficient judicial system, high level of corruption and imperfectlegislation are the main obstacles that need to be overcome in order to attractforeign investors’ funds, providing a full package of assistance and support ateach stage of the implementation of investment projects. Greenfield and brownfield(M&A) are the most effective forms of FDI in order to achieve high growth ratesof the domestic economy, improve the level of population well-being andinternationally enter Ukraine. An analysis of the statistics on the effectiveness ofinnovative enterprise development projects, the characteristics of economic andlegal instruments indicate the gradual improvement of the investment climate andthe promotion of FDI inflows into the region’s economy through the implementationof greenfield and brownfield strategies. Examples of effective implementation ofthese strategies in the creation of new enterprises, companies of foreignrepresentation, which are expanding their capacity and entering new domesticmarkets are given. Examples of the brownfield strategy have been analyzed torestart existing and high-quality structural and organizational changes in inefficiententerprises, which have given impetus to improving the economic environment,investment attractiveness of the economy of the region and the country as a whole.

An Empirical Investigation of India’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment: A Macro Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Dikshita Kakoti
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Effective Exchange Rate

Since 1990, globalization of Indian economy led to a speedy growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and simultaneously outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) also shows an increasing trend. However, India’s OFDI has attracted a little attention from the researchers and they have considered the OFDI in terms of commitments or approved equities. The motivation of this article is to investigate the India’s macro factors influencing actual OFDI flows from India by empirically recognizing four factors, namely gross domestic product, inward FDI, real effective exchange rate, and real interest rate over the period 1980–2016. The study has used Augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips–Perron (PP) Unit root tests for checking the stationarity of the variable of the model. Later on, autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model and error correction mechanism is used for testing the long-run as well as short-run dynamics of the model. The result shows that all the selected variables have positive and significant influence on India’s outward investment flows.

scholarly journals Causal Links between Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Malsha Mayoshi Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage ◽  
Gheorghe Epuran ◽  
Bianca Tescașiu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run

In this increasingly globalized era, foreign direct investments are considered to be one of the most important sources of external financing for all countries. This paper investigates the causal relationship between trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Romania during the period 1997–2019. Throughout this study, Trade Openness is the main independent variable, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real Effective Exchange Rate (EXR), Inflation (INF), and Education (EDU) act as control variables for investigating the relationships between trade openness (TOP) and FDI inflow in Romania. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test procedure was adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objective. Trade openness has negative and statistically significant long-run and short-run relationships with FDI inflows in Romania throughout the period. Trade openness negatively affects the FDI inflow, which suggest that the higher the level of openness is, the less likely it is that FDI will be attracted in the long run. The result of the Granger causality test indicated that Romania has a unidirectional relationship between trade openness and FDI. It also showed that the direction of causality ran from FDI to trade openness.

scholarly journals Is Russia successful in attracting foreign direct investment? Evidence based on gravity model estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Mariev ◽  
Igor Drapkin ◽  
Kristina Chukavina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Empirical Estimation ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Russian Economy

Abstract The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it is to answer the question of whether Russia is successful in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). Second, it is to identify partner countries that “overinvest” and “underinvest” in the Russian economy. We do this by calculating potential FDI inflows to Russia and comparing them with actual values. This research is associated with the empirical estimation of factors explaining FDI flows between countries. The methodological foundation used for the research is the gravity model of foreign direct investment. In discussing the pros and cons of different econometric methods of the estimation gravity equation, we conclude that the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood method with instrumental variables (IV PPML) is one of the best options in our case. Using a database covering about 70% of FDI flows for the period of 2001-2011, we discover the following factors that explain the variance of bilateral FDI flows in the world economy: GDP value of investing country, GDP value of recipient country, distance between countries, remoteness of investor country, remoteness of recipient country, level of institutions development in host country, wage level in host country, membership of two countries in a regional economic union, common official language, common border and colonial relationships between countries in the past. The potential values of FDI inflows are calculated using coefficients of regressors from the econometric model. We discover that the Russian economy performs very well in attracting FDI: the actual FDI inflows exceed potential values by 1.72 times. Large developed countries (France, Germany, UK, Italy) overinvest in the Russian economy, while smaller and less developed countries (Czech Republic, Belarus, Denmark, Ukraine) underinvest in Russia. Countries of Southeast Asia (China, South Korea, Japan) also underinvest in the Russian economy.

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