scholarly journals R. PLEČKAIČIO FILOSOFIJOS ISTORIJOS TYRIMŲ METODOLOGIJA

Problemos ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Gintaras Kabelka
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Straipsnyje nagrinėjami Romano Plečkaičio filosofijos istorijos tyrimų metodologijos svarbiausi elementai: filosofijos istorijos kaip problemų sprendimų kaitos samprata – filosofiją sudaro nuolat kintantys problemų sprendimai; problema yra ir tyrimo prieiga, tyrimo medžiagą konceptualiai struktūruojantis veiksnys; probleminės situacijos (istoriniu momentu susiklosčiusi teorinių elementų konsteliacija, lemianti naujos teorijos sukūrimą) istorinė rekonstrukcija; objektyvaus istorinio supratimo prieiga, kuri filosofiją traktuoja kaip objektyviai ir visuotinai galiojančių žinojimo elementų visumą. Plečkaitis kuria filosofijos pažangios raidos vaizdinį, kurį papildo paradigmų kaitos elementais: radikalus problemų sprendimų pokytis vaizduojamas kaip visiškai naujos probleminės situacijos susiformavimas. Ši traktuojama kaip paradigminė, lemianti visus kitus problemų sprendimo būdus.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: Plečkaitis, problemų istorijos metodologija, probleminė situacija, objektyvus istorinis supratimas.R. Plečkaitis’ Methodology of Historical-Philosophical ResearchGintaras Kabelka SummaryThe article analyzes the methodology of Romanas Plečkaitis’ research, in which the most important ele-ments are: the conception of the history of philosophy as a process of transformation of philosophical problems, which initiates the historical study and provides the material and structures of the interpreta-tion of results; the historical reconstruction of the problematic situation as a constellation of theoretical elements motivating the creation of a new theory; the objective historical understanding, which treats philosophy as the totality of objectively and universally functioning cognitional elements and excludes from the interpretation of the history of philosophy all subjective and metaphysical factors. The picture of progress of philosophy presented in the works of Plečkaitis involves the elements of paradigm shifts. He presents the radical modification of the solution of problems as the formation of a new problematic situation, which is regarded as paradigmatic for the solution of other remaining problems. Keywords: Plečkaitis, methodology of history of problems, problematic situation, objective historical understanding   ine-height: 18px;"> 

The Uses of a Historical History of Philosophy

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Michael Frede
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
History Of

This chapter identifies the uses of a historical history of philosophy. There is an inherent interest in this sort of study, but there also may be an external interest in it, which is perfectly legitimate as long as it does not interfere with the study itself. That is to say that, though it would be inappropriate to let one’s philosophical interests interfere with one’s historical study of the history of philosophy, it nevertheless is perfectly appropriate to see whether the results of this study can serve one’s philosophical interests. The chapter begins by considering briefly the inherent interest of this sort of study. One thing which this sort of study does for us is that it gives us a reliable picture of what philosophy actually, empirically, has been from its beginnings to the present day. Whatever philosophical views one may have as to what philosophy is, or should be, here we see what it actually is, or at least what it presents itself as from the enlightened perspective of the historian. As to the possible external interests, there are a great number of them, some of which the chapter lists before focusing on the interest of most concern to philosophers; namely, the possible philosophical usefulness of a historical study of the history of philosophy.

The Animal Face of Early Modern England

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 177-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Archival Study

This article is both a work of historical reconstruction and a theoretical intervention. It looks at some influential contemporary accounts of human-animal relations and outlines a body of ideas from the 17th century that challenges what is presented as representative of the past in posthumanist thinking. Indeed, this article argues that this alternative past is much more in keeping with the shifts that posthumanist ideas mark in their departure from humanism. Taking a journey through ways of thinking that will, perhaps, be unfamiliar, the revised vision of human-animal relations outlined here emerges not from a history of philosophy but from an archival study of people’s relationships with and understandings of their livestock in early modern England. At stake are conceptions of who we are and who we might have been, and the relation between those two, and the livestock on 17th-century smallholdings are our guides.

Williams, History, and the “Impurity of Philosophy”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Moran
Keyword(s):  
Natural Sciences ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Humanistic Knowledge

In addition to his contributions to the history of philosophy, Bernard Williams’s later work is concerned with more explicit reflection on the role of history in the constitution of the discipline of philosophy, the fact that, unlike the case of the natural sciences, the great figures of philosophy are part of the contemporary discussion in philosophy. In addition these reflections became increasingly concerned with what is distinctive about history as a form of knowledge, a form of knowledge which does not attract the attention of analytic philosophers. Historical knowledge is at once empirical and evidence-based but also, insofar as it concerns human affairs and institutions, obliged to make sense of and reconstruct the perspective of the practices and participants themselves. Part of the importance of historical understanding for Williams lies in its position as a model for humanistic knowledge that is non-reductionist while also being non-ideal, empirical, and “impure.”

Dramatizing Postcoloniality: Nationalism and the Rewriting of History in Ngugi and Mugo's The Trial of Dedan Kimathi

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyeniyi Okunoye
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Major Site ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Play

History is not the past: it is a consciousness of the past used for present purposes. (Greg Dening)After empire, it was clear the history of the colonised needed repair. (Elleke Boehmer)This paper identifies history as a major site for identity-formation in the postcolonial world. It draws attention to some strategies of historical reconstruction in African drama by focusing on Ngugi and Mugo's The Trial of Dedan Kimathi, an influential Kenyan play which has also come to be seen as providing a paradigm for the African historical play. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that the play is rooted in the counterdiscourse which authorizes revisionist histories in the postcolonial world. The creation of this play is seen as motivated by the desire of the playwrights to interrogate misconceptions and distortions in official Kenyan history, which marginalizes the popular struggle that culminated in the nation's independence. The writing of the play therefore enables the playwrights to celebrate Dedan Kimathi, who personifies the collective aspirations of the Kenyan people, but is demonized in earlier versions of their history. The essay underlines the fact that this version of history is basically conditioned by the materialist vision of the writers.

scholarly journals O Nascimento Do Conceito Husserliano De Fenômeno

Phainomenon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 18-19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Ribeiro de Moura
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Abstract Husserl places “around 1898” the introduction of the notion of ‘ phenomenon’ in his philosophy. If one of the tasks of the history of philosophy is to circumscribe the problems which originated the creation of a new concept in some doctrine, the purpose of this paper is to investigate what difficulties had roused the invention of the idea of ‘phenomenon” in the husserlian philosophy.

Philosophy in Italy

Philosophy ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Keyword(s):  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
William Of Ockham ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Modern Era

N. Abbagnano has made a wide and exhaustive study of the philosophy of William of Ockham. He has tried to withstand the tendency, generally prevalent in the history of philosophy, to consider Ockham's personality as balanced between the old scholastic and the modern philosophy, and his works as a strange medley of formal subtleties and of profound intuitions born of genius. He has tried to represent him as a thinker with decided leanings towards the modern era, the initiator not so much of nominalism as of English empiricism, and therefore the precursor of Locke and Hume. To carry out his task he was necessarily obliged to dwell on the more positive and reconstructive part of Ockham's writings, neglecting those parts where the Franciscan doctor hesitates and gropes among the old discussions of scholastic formalism. This tends to spoil the balance of the historical reconstruction; but at the same time it must be granted that the newer and more positive parts revealed by Abbagnano's shrewd analysis have an impressive modern trend, not composed of sporadic ideas and vague anticipations, but forming a coherent and organic whole.

scholarly journals Richard Rorty and the Expediency of History of Philosophy (Foreword to the Ukrainian translation of Richard Rorty’s article “The Historiography of Philosophy: Four Genres”)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Ihor Karivets'
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Rational Reconstruction ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philosophical Questions

For readers of the journal, we propose the first Ukrainian translation of the article "Historiography of Philosophy: Four Genres" by the American postmodernist philosopher Richard Rorty, in which he considers possible strategies of historic-philosophical researches and their role in the development of philosophical thinking. Richard Rorty claims that the main task of historic-philosophical researches is to constantly change the philosophical canon, not to allow it to catch in certain stereotypical views of well-known philosophers who are part of it, for instance, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel and others. Therefore, he accused doxography in the mummification of “famous philosophers” and neglect of those philosophers who worked on the border of philosophy, science, politics, economics, morality, medicine and even criminology. The involvement of such “non-philosophers”, as they are considered by historians-doxographers, in the philosophical canon expands the philosophical issues and stimulates the formulation of new philosophical questions, which are not on the agenda of the stiffened philosophical canon. Therefore, Richard Rorty rejects doxography as a genre of historic-philosophical researches, but instead of it proposed to use historical reconstruction, rational reconstruction and intellectual history as genres of historic-philosophical researches. Combining them, we will be able to see a vivid picture of the development of philosophy, not just certain canonical figures that cover another history of philosophy, which consists of research on the border of philosophy and other humanities, social sciences and natural sciences.

scholarly journals Ese quimérico museo de formas inconstantes. (Notas sobre el relato «Funes el memorioso», de J.L. Borges)

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Rubén Benítez Florido
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Literature And Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

This article analyzes the meaning and philosophical scope of «Funes el memorioso», a short story by J.L.Borges. «Funes el memorioso» participates in the productive symbiosis between literature and philosophy, a characteristic which is evident in most of Borges’ work and which has taken Borge’s creations to the summit of Western culture. Furthermore, by reading «Funes el memorioso» we can draw connections between the work of J.L.Borges and some of the most important authors in the History of Philosophy. We try to show that the epistemologies of Plato and Hume, authors that Borges knew perfectly, influenced the creation of this short story in a decisive manner.

scholarly journals „Skorpion” i „Poza Układem”. Przyczynek do historii trójmiejskiego podziemia wydawniczego w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku

2020 ◽  
Vol 11-12 ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
Piotr Brzeziński
Keyword(s):  
Historical Study ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Biography ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation

Artykuł opisuje podziemną działalność wydawniczą grupy osób skupionych wokół Joanny i Andrzeja Gwiazdów w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku oraz historię tworzonych przez nich pism „Skorpion” i „Poza Układem”. Autor opisuje genezę i funkcjonowanie obu pism, analizuje ich linię programową i przybliża treść wybranych artykułów. Tekst oparty jest na archiwalnych egzemplarzach pism i na relacjach osób zaangażowanych w ich powstawanie. To pierwsze opracowanie historyczne na ten temat, a także przyczynek do – przygotowywanej przez Piotra Brzezińskiego – biografii politycznej Joanny i Andrzeja Gwiazdów. The article describes the underground publishing activities of an informal group gathered around Joanna and Andrzej Gwiazda in the 1980s and the history of the magazines they created: “Skorpion” and “Poza Układem” (“Outside the System”). The author describes the genesis and functioning of both magazines, analyses their programme and introduces the content of selected articles. The text is based on archival copies of the periodicals and on the accounts of people involved in the creation of them. This is the first historical study on the subject, as well as a contribution to the political biography of Joanna and Andrzej Gwiazda prepared by Piotr Brzeziński.

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