Opportunistic Colorectal Cancer Screening using Colonoscopy. Comparative Results between two Historical Cohorts in Bucharest, Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Mirela Ionescu ◽  
Tudor Nicolaie ◽  
Serban Ion Gologan ◽  
Ana Mocanu ◽  
Cristina Ditescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Organized Screening Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Second Period

Background & Aims: Even though Romania has one of the highest incidence and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) in Europe, there is currently no organized screening program. We aimed to assess the results of our opportunistic CRC screening using colonoscopy.Methods: A single center retrospective study to include all opportunistic screening colonoscopies performed in two 18 month periods (2007-2008 and 2012-2013) was designed. All asymptomatic individuals without a personal or family history of adenoma or CRC and with complete colonoscopy performed in these two time periods were included.Results: We included 1,807 individuals, 882 in the first period, 925 in the second period. There were 389 individuals aged below 50, 1,351 between 50 and 75 and 67 older than 75 years. There were 956 women (52.9%), with a mean age of 58.5 (median 59, range 23-97). The detection rates were 12.6% for adenomas (6.1% for advanced adenoma) and 3.4% for adenocarcinoma. Adenoma incidence (4.9% in subjects under 50, 14.7% in those aged 50 to 75, and 16.4% in those older than 75, p<0.0001) and size (6.3mm in subjects younger than 50, 9.2mm in those 50 to 75 and 10.8mm in those older than 75, p=0.015) significantly increased with age. Adenoma incidence increased in the second period (14.8% vs. 10.3%, p=0.005), while adenoma size decreased in the second period (8.4mm vs. 10mm, p=0.006). There were no procedure related complications.Conclusions: The neoplasia detection rate was 16% (12.6% adenoma, 3.4% adenocarcinoma). Adenoma incidence and size increased with age in both cohorts. In the second screening period significantly more and smaller adenomas were detected.

Badania przesiewowe w profilaktyce raka jelita grubego

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Musińska ◽  
Marta Minkiewicz ◽  
Justyna Wasielica-Berger ◽  
Krystian Kidrycki ◽  
Krzysztof Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Colorectal cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in Poland as well as in the world. In addition, this cancer is the second cause of death among oncological diseases. Genetic and environmental factors with a documented impact on the development and progression of colorectal cancer have been thoroughly investigated. Every case of colorectal cancer begins with the stage of a nonmalignant polyp, whose progression to invasive malignant tumor lasts about 10 years. This period is long enough to implement appropriate preventive action that allow early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Colorectal cancer screening is the process of detecting polypoid lesions in asymptomatic patients with no history of cancers. Colonoscopy has the benefit of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, which allows to detect and remove of premalignant polyps in a single step approach. The aim of this work is to present the role of a screening program in the prevention of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Family history of colorectal cancer: A determinant of advanced adenoma stage or adenoma multiplicity?

2009 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra A. Wark ◽  
Kana Wu ◽  
Pieter van 't Veer ◽  
Charles F. Fuchs ◽  
Edward L. Giovannucci
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A VIEW ON THE PROBLEM OF INADEQUATE SCREENING OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Nelya Melnitchouk ◽  
Galyna Shabat
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
National Organizations

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing worldwide and it is the second most common cause of cancer death. There is a lot of investigations and improvement to rise quality of early diagnosis, successful treatment and effective preventions of colorectal cancer. Nowadays available few guidelines of international and national organizations what support effectiveness of screening programs. Colorectal cancer screening is effective way to decrease incidence and mortality with strong evidence confirmed by a lot of investigations of different scientific groups. Currently, Ukraine doesn’t have an established colorectal cancer program, what need to be changed as soon as possible. A lot of patients in Ukraine wait at home till the beginning of clinical symptoms, what often is the representation of later stage of diseases; and of course treatment of patients with later stage of diseases need more costs for treatment and show worst results of morbidity and mortality rate compare with patients treated at the early stage of diseases. We created a simulation Markov model and demonstrated that the implementation of the national screening program for colorectal cancer in Ukraine will be cost saving and will decrease the mortality from colorectal cancer significantly.

scholarly journals Combining Serum DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Protein Tumor Markers Improved Clinical Sensitivity for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Guoying Zhang ◽  
Fang He ◽  
Guodong Zhao ◽  
Zihui Huang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Small Polyp

Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide and in China. Early CRC screening is the best approach to reduce its incidence and mortality rates. The ColoDefense test, a multiplex qPCR assay simultaneously detecting both methylated SEPT9 and SDC2 genes, has demonstrated improved clinical performance on either methylation biomarker alone for CRC screening with both blood and stool samples. Method. Leftover blood chemistry test samples from 125 CRC, 35 advanced adenoma, and 35 small polyp patients and 92 healthy control subjects were examined by the ColoDefense test. Among these samples, the levels of three circulating tumor markers, CEA, AFP, and CA19-9, were also measured for 106 CRC, 28 advanced adenoma, and 20 small polyp patients and all control subjects. Results. Due to the smaller volume and extended storage in nonfrozen state, the ColoDefense test with these samples exhibited reduced performance for all stages of CRC and advanced adenomas. The performance of CEA, AFP, and CA19-9 and their various combinations was also evaluated for CRC screening to identify the tumor marker combinations with the best performance. When combined with the ColoDefense test, the identified combinations did improve the clinical performance. Conclusion. These results suggested a rational path towards developing a CRC screening method that takes advantage of leftover blood chemistry test samples. The successful development of such a method will undoubtedly help promote early CRC screening by increasing its accessibility for the general public.

Tumor detection rates in screening carriers with SDHx-related hereditary paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma syndrome based on prior tumor history.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1545-1545
Author(s):  
Samantha Greenberg ◽  
Michelle Jacobs ◽  
Heather Wachtel ◽  
Amanda Anson ◽  
Luke Buchmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Whole Body Imaging ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Expert Recommendation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biochemical Testing

1545 Background: Patients with germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in the SDHx genes have increased risk for paragangliomas/pheochromocytomas (PGL/PCC), renal cell carcinomas, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Expert recommendation suggests individuals with SDHx PVs undergo biennial whole-body imaging and annual biochemical testing. This study aimed to evaluate tumor detection rate using standard biochemical and imaging protocols for individuals with SDHx PVs, particularly in those with and without SDHx-related tumor history, and in those with biochemical testing data. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal observational study at the Universities of Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute was conducted from the start of each center’s screening program through March 1, 2018. Individuals with SDHx PVs had clinical imaging with whole body MRI/CT and biochemical testing per expert recommendation. SDHx-related tumors identified during clinical screening were measured. Results: A total of 263 individuals with SDHx PVs completed 491 screens. Individuals with SDHB PVs were the most prevalent (n = 188, 71.5%). The average number of screens per subject was 1.87 (range 1-7). A majority (n = 194, 73.7%) of individuals did not have a prior history of PGL/PCC. Overall, SDHx-related tumors were detected in 17.1% (n = 45) of the cohort. Of the 46 scans that identified an SDHx-related tumor, 85% of them (n = 39) were baseline scans. SDHx-related tumors were identified in 18.6% (n = 36/194) of individuals that did not have a prior history of PGL/PCC, whereas they were identified in 13.0% (n = 9/69) of individuals that did have a prior history of PGL/PCC (p = 0.39). Biochemical testing was available for 70% (n = 343) of imaging screens, of which 18% (n = 61) had positive biochemistry. Of those with positive biochemistry, 19 tumors were identified on imaging (6%). Sixteen tumors were identified on imaging with negative biochemistry (5%) with a sensitivity of 54% and a specificity of 94%. Utilizing a cut-off of two times the upper limit of normal, 9.91% (n = 34) biochemical tests were positive, and 15 (44.12%) had an SDHx-related tumor on corresponding imaging. Conclusions: Current SDHx screening protocols are effective at identifying SDHx-related tumors. Tumors were detected in subjects with a prior history of PGL/PCC and those with no prior history. This suggests life-long screening is important for all SDHx carriers. Imaging is a crucial piece of SDHx screening given biochemical testing’s sensitivity and specificity.

Overall evaluation of an immunological latex agglutination system for fecal occult blood testing in the colorectal cancer screening program of Florence

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Rubeca ◽  
Benedetta Peruzzi ◽  
Massimo Confortini ◽  
Stefano Rapi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood Testing ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Fecal Occult ◽  
Advanced Adenomas

Several immunological fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) are currently available for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We compared the HM Jack (Jack) (Kiowa, Japan), with the OC-Hemodia (OC) (Eiken, Japan) in use in the Florence screening program. Aims of the study were: (i) to investigate the diagnostic performance and the best cutoff value for Jack; (ii) to evaluate the handiness of sampling tubes; (iii) to compare costs. A total of 5,044 subjects were screened with both tests. Sampling tube investigation was performed running each sample on both instruments. A number of 352 subjects positive for at least one test (175 OC, 310 Jack) were selected for further investigations, while 46 subjects refused further assessments. Analysis of costs related to the assessment phase was performed on the basis of Tuscany region's fares. Amongst the 306 subjects investigated, 9 CRC and 67 advanced adenomas (AdA) were detected. Detection rates (DR) were 1.4‰ for CRC and 9.6‰ for AdA. After Jack cutoff optimization, DR for CRC+AdA resulted in 11.1‰ for OC and 13.3‰ for Jack (p=0.041). Sensitivity of the methods was 73.7 for OC and 88.2 for Jack; specificity was 97.6 for OC and 96.0 for Jack, resulting in an increase of the required assessments from 3.5% to 5.1%. No differences were observed between sampling methods. Despite the lower specificity of Jack, its greater sensitivity makes the method attractive for screening programs. An increase of the costs of 30% for every subject investigated for pathological lesion (CRC+AdA) may be thus foreseen.

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