scholarly journals Environmental impact of women exploitation of forest resources in some forest reserves in Osun State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asifat Janet Temitope ◽  
Ogunbode Timothy Oyebamiji
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Measure Data ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
Alternative Sources

Loss of forest resources in Nigeria is between 2.6% and 3.5% per annum. Thus, an investigation on the effects of utilization of forest resources by women in five forest reserves, namely; Oba Hill, Ago-Owu, Shasha, Ife Native and Ikeji-Ipetu Forest Reserves in Osun State was conducted. Five hundred questionnaires were administered across the five locations at an average of one hundred per study area. Focus Group Discussions were also carried out as data quality control measure. Data analysis adopted tabulation, frequency distribution and percentages. The results across the five locations showed that the total proportion of live woody forest products collected was 19.0% higher than 14.8% of dry woody forest products collected with FGDs revealing that 87.2% did not bother about replanting. The implication of these findings is that more land areas were opened up to direct run-off and solar radiation through the cutting and collection of live trees, the situation suggesting that forest degradation is on course in the area with no interest in replacing trees removed among the respondents. It is therefore, recommended that alternative sources of energy should be introduced and made available to the women in the study area to minimise forest trees removal and to avert energy source-related crisis. Also, appropriate legislation should be put in place to protect the forest from further depletion and women are enlightened on environmental degradation caused by forest live trees removal.

scholarly journals Role of Forest Resources to Local Livelihoods: The Case of East Mau Forest Ecosystem, Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Langat ◽  
E. K. Maranga ◽  
A. A. Aboud ◽  
J. K. Cheboiwo
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Forest Income ◽  
Forest Use

Forests in Kenya are threatened by unsustainable uses and conversion to alternative land uses. In spite of the consequences of forest degradation and biodiversity loss and reliance of communities on forests livelihoods, there is little empirical data on the role of forest resources in livelihoods of the local communities. Socioeconomic, demographic, and forest use data were obtained by interviewing 367 households. Forest product market survey was undertaken to determine prices of various forest products for valuation of forest use. Forest income was significant to households contributing 33% of total household income. Fuel wood contributed 50%, food (27%), construction material (18%), and fodder, and thatching material 5% to household forest income. Absolute forest income and relative forest income (%) were not significantly different across study locations and between ethnic groups. However, absolute forest income and relative forest income (%) were significantly different among wealth classes. Poor households were more dependent on forests resources. However, in absolute terms, the rich households derived higher forest income. These results provide valuable information on the role of forest resources to livelihoods and could be applied in developing forest conservation policies for enhanced ecosystem services and livelihoods.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Factors Affecting Dependency of Households on Dry Deciduous Forest in Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
H Pandey ◽  
S Rajmohan ◽  
S Bung ◽  
S Y Bhutia
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dry Deciduous Forest ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Scrub Forest

Abstract The rural and tribal communities of Madhya Pradesh’s Shivpuri District depend on forest resources for meeting their domestic energy needs, forest products, and employment. Under Green India Mission, households were randomly selected and surveyed. The data of 61 households from 3 villages of Satanwada range (dry deciduous forest) and 131 households from 4 villages in Pichhore range (dry deciduous scrub forest) was collected through semi-structured questionnaire interviews and direct observation. Generalised Linear Model was used to determine the major factors affecting fuelwood collection. The study revealed the factors affecting the amount of fuelwood collection in Satanwada and Pichhore. Family size of households near to the forest negatively affected the amount of fuelwood collected; opportunity cost of fuelwood collection was lower for them than for families living further away from the forest in Satanwada. In Pichhore, LPG consumption reduced the amount of fuelwood collected, while cow dung complimented the quantity of fuelwood collected. Since the availability of fuelwood was scarce, alternate energy resources became determining factors of the amount of fuelwood collected. In both ranges, the distance of the forest from households had a positive effect on the quantity of fuelwood consumed due to higher opportunity cost and degradation of adjacent forests. The study also revealed a strong correlation between the sampled population percentage of women in villages and the sampled village cattle count. The study also showed the difference of fuelwood collection in Satanwada (8.8 ± 0.6 kg) and Pichhore (6.8 ± 0.4 kg) suggesting that forest degradation correlates with lesser utilisation of forest resources. Hence, the study justifies the need of synergy between public rural provisions of alternative fuel sources with afforestation programs.

Efficiency, enforcement and revenue tradeoffs in participatory forest management: an example from Tanzania

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Z. Robinson ◽  
Razack B. Lokina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Joint Forest Management ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Participatory Forest Management ◽  
Fine Collection ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
A Share

AbstractWhere joint forest management has been introduced into Tanzania, ‘volunteer’ patrollers take responsibility for enforcing restrictions over the harvesting of forest resources, often receiving as an incentive a share of the collected fine revenue. Using an optimal enforcement model, we explore how that share, and whether villagers have alternative sources of forest products, determines the effort patrollers put into enforcement and whether they choose to take a bribe rather than honestly reporting the illegal collection of forest resources. Without funds for paying and monitoring patrollers, policy makers face tradeoffs over illegal extraction, forest protection and revenue generation through fine collection.

scholarly journals Collection and marketing of non-timber forest products by Chepang community in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luni Piya ◽  
KL Maharjan ◽  
NP Joshi ◽  
DR Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Current Price

Chepangs are highly marginalized indigenous nationalities of Nepal, who live nearby the forests that are rich in Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) of commercial importance. These NTFPs can be a potential source of income for Chepangs. This study describes the role of Chepangs in the marketing channel of those NTFPs and analyses the household socio-economic characteristics that influence the collection and marketing of NTFPs by Chepangs in Shaktikhor VDC of Chitwan district using backward multiple regression method. Empirical evidences show that collection and marketing of NTFPs is not an attractive source of income especially for those relatively better-off Chepang households who possess higher landholdings, food self-sufficiency, and income from other alternative sources. This is because the current price offered for the NTFPs collected by the community is very nominal, that do not even cover the labour costs involved. Praja Cooperative Limited (PCL), a Chepang community based institution in Shaktikhor, is struggling to provide better prices for Chepangs. However, it is facing challenges due to limited institutional management capacity of Chepangs. Further empowerment of PCL can contribute to improve the bargaining power of Chepang community in NTFP trade. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:12, Jun.2011, Page 10-21 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7558 

scholarly journals Occurrence of Citropsis articulata in Tropical Forests in Uganda: Implication for Ex Situ Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Rapheal Wangalwa ◽  
Eunice Apio Olet ◽  
Grace Kagoro-Rugunda ◽  
Casim Umba Tolo ◽  
Patrick E. Ogwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Alternative Sources

Citropsis articulata is a medicinal plant that is increasingly threatened by unsustainable methods of harvesting and habitat degradation. Owing to the fact that this plant species is highly utilized for herbal medicine and is currently restricted to a few forest reserves in Uganda, this has significant implications for ex situ conservation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess how physiographical factors influence the occurrence and distribution of C. articulata in the three forest reserves in Uganda, namely, Budongo, Mabira, and Kibale National Park. The study was carried out in 15 compartmental sites in each of the three forests. In each compartmental site, 4 plots of 60 m × 60 m were systematically established, and within each plot, 4 subplots each of size 20 m × 20 m were randomly setup. A total of 240 subplots were assessed for occurrence of Citropsis articulata in each forest. The results indicated a significant ( p < 0.05 ) variation in the density of C. articulata with the highest recorded in Kibale National Park. Citropsis articulata generally occurred at moderate altitudinal landscapes (overall elevation = 1200.0 ± 20.73 m) with soils that are moderately acidic (overall pH = 5.7 ± 0.10), low in salinity (overall salinity = 84.0 ± 3.84 mg/l), and moderate levels of macro- and micronutrients. Citropsis articulata was generally associated with plant communities dominated by canopy tree species of genera such as Chryosphyllum, Celtis, Markhamia, Cynometra, Lasiodiscus, Trilepisium, Funtumia, and Diospyros, thus suggesting that C. articulata is a shade-tolerant species. Establishing the ecological requirements of this plant species among other things informs the potential for ex situ production of this plant. This will not only provide alternative sources of plant harvest but also go a long way in relieving the current harvest pressures exerted on the conserved wild populations of this plant species.

scholarly journals Foreign Migrants Trespassing in Sabah Forest Reserves: A Legal Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Rohani Abdul Rahim ◽  
Muhammad Afiq Ahmad Tajuddin ◽  
Rovina Intung ◽  
Azizah Landa ◽  
Herlina Makanah
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Forest Resources Management

According to Sabah Forestry Enactment 1968, Yang di-Pertua Negeri Sabah is given the power to reserves forests for various purposes including commercial, protection, domestic and others. Sabah Forestry Department is entrusted with proper and efficient planning, and implementation of State forest resources management (SFM) to comply with the sustainable forest principles. It achieves to manage forest resources towards sustainable and profitable forest governance. However, Sabah forest reserves were threatened by illegal trespassing by foreign migrants to possess forest produce unlawfully and to occupy State land illegally. This article aims to expose the causes of the invasion of forest reserves by foreign migrants, the offences committed by foreign migrant activities in the forest reserves, violation of specific legislation such as the Immigration Act 1959/63 and the Forest Enactment 1968. The qualitative legal research methodology was used to understand the issues at hand, the existing applicable laws and the legal implications for such illegal activities in these forest reserves.  Secondary data found in the legislation, journals, annual report, and law publication were collected, reviewed, analysed, and discussed to understand its legal implications better.  Thus, efforts to expose these illegal activities by foreign migrants is essential to ensure Sabah Forest Reserves can continuously be maintained and not destroyed at the hand of illegal foreign trespassers. Employers should also be made responsible for their involvement in trafficked or smuggled illegal migrants as workers and simultaneously, conduct illegal activities to deceit the State Forestry efforts and developmental planning in Sabah.

scholarly journals Forest landscape restoration: state of play

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 201218
Author(s):  
John A. Stanturf ◽  
Stephanie Mansourian
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Landscape Restoration ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Landscape Degradation ◽  
Forest Landscape Restoration

Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and restoring biodiversity restoration. The Bonn Challenge and New York Declaration on Forests, motivated by widespread deforestation and forest degradation, call for restoring 350 million ha by 2030 by relying on forest landscape restoration (FLR) processes. Because the 173 million ha commitments made by 63 nations, regions and companies are not legally binding, expectations of what FLR means lacks consensus. The frequent disconnect between top-level aspirations and on-the-ground implementation results in limited data on FLR activities. Additionally, some countries have made landscape-scale restoration outside of the Bonn Challenge. We compared and contrasted the theory and practice of FLR and compiled information from databases of projects and initiatives and case studies. We present the main FLR initiatives happening across regional groups; in many regions, the potential need/opportunity for forest restoration exceeds the FLR activities underway. Multiple objectives can be met by manipulating vegetation (increasing structural complexity, changing species composition and restoring natural disturbances). Livelihood interventions are context-specific but include collecting or raising non-timber forest products, employment and community forests; other interventions address tenure and governance.

scholarly journals A Synoptic Review of Forestry and Forest Products Trade and Production in Africa- The Case of Wood and Non-Wood Forest Products in West Africa

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Adekunle Adesina ◽  
Zhu Jiangang ◽  
Tang Xiaolan
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
West African ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
The Impact

According to this study, approximately half of Africa's forests are utilized primarily or partially for the production of wood and non-wood commodities. Aims to evaluate Africa's forestry and forest products, namely Wood Forest Products (WFPs) and Non-wood Forest Products (NWFPs) in the sixteen (16) West African countries. While adhering to the following guidelines: wood extraction and preparation, analyzing wood primarily used as an energy source in Africa, identifying non-wood forest products in Africa, the state of export, trade, and customs procedures in West Africa, and examining the role of forests and forest stakeholders in Africa's low-carbon economy transition. An exploratory literature review of selected wood forest products and non-wood forest products (plants and animals) in West Africa identifying the country, the natural land area with the natural habitat issues of the forest, the species most harvested and traded in the West African sub-region. The study reemphasized some government legislation, policies, and market trade failures and limitations while also stating that trees may help in the low-carbon revolution through interventions aimed at maintaining, improving, and restoring natural capital have demonstrated that high environmental requirements of sustainable forest management (SFM) may be met in both natural and planted forests. The study identified a systematic assessment of the most common forest products (wood and non-wood forest products) considering the available data on the national forest reserves of the selected countries in West Africa. The study also revealed the need for biodiversity conservation of the available forest reserves to help mitigate the impact of global warming targeting the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 13- Climate Action. Which is focused on integrating climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early warning signs into the national policies, improving forest planning and management education, awareness-raising, and institutional capacity within the sub-region.

Convergence of Forest Resources in Jangalmahal, West Bengal

2016 ◽  
pp. 511-537
Author(s):  
Nilendu Chatterjee ◽  
Soumyananda Dinda
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Product ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
The People ◽  
Forest Income ◽  
History Of ◽  
Beta Convergence

The topic of growth and convergence is at the heart of a wide-ranging debate in the growth literature. The century long history of deprivation and backwardness of Jangalmahal area and four districts of it in the state of West Bengal—Purulia, Bankura, West Midnapore and parts of Birbhum—is also a well discussed issue. The dependency of the people on forest products to earn livelihoods is a natural phenomenon which, over the years, has resulted in considerable exploitation of forest resources. Through this chapter, we have made an attempt to see whether there exists any convergence, both absolute as well as conditional, in the total forest product of Jangalmahal and in the incomes earned from forest resources. We have seen the presence of Beta convergence, both conditional and absolute, in both tests of forest products as well as income from it. Sigma of forest income diverges instead of converge. Similar result is seen in case of timber.

Satellite remote sensing and anthropogenic pressures on biodiversity

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Nathalie Pettorelli
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores how satellite remote sensing can be employed to monitor a wide range of anthropogenic pressures which affect species and ecosystems, in both terrestrial and marine systems. First, it reviews the literature on the use of satellite data to monitor deforestation and forest degradation. It then explores how these data can be used to monitor fragmentation, which is another form of habitat degradation that can represent an important threat to the preservation of biological diversity. This is followed by a review of the use of satellite remote sensing information to monitor urbanisation, night-time light pollution, oil exploration and exploitation, mineral extraction activities, oil spills and run-off, and illegal fishing. The chapter concludes by discussing opportunities for satellite remote sensing to monitor and predict the impact of climate change on biodiversity.

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