The decision making process in a pediatric patient with Leukemia: ethical issues in Chilean case

Abstract The introduction of electronic health records (EHRs) into clinical practice appears to be irreversible. Where EHRs are used, chaplains have cooperated willingly with this way of reporting and sharing information with other members of the care team. They will have to, as a result, adapt their own note-taking practices to ensure effective, relevant and meaningful communication as part of the joint decision-making process. Although the specialized literature has addressed some of the “classic” ethical issues raised by EHRs, in particular those in connection with confidentiality and access, other questions, no less crucial, have received less attention and are addressed here. They include questions about the recognition of all players in the care relationship (both patients and caregivers) as subjects, and the communication of “non-generic” information about emotions, values, life history, etc. The fact that chaplains contribute to EHRs is both a sign of and a vector for recognition of their work within healthcare institutions – yet a recognition that could involve a price to pay for chaplains and patients.

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The Cable Contract

Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad ◽

10.1108/case.iima.2019.000009 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ravichandran Ramamoorthy

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Ethical Dilemma ◽

Small Businesses ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Personal Values ◽

Moral Values ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Government Organization ◽

Key Stakeholders

The case deals with an ethical dilemma of an entrepreneur. Chandran, a qualified contractor, had secured an electrical contract from a premier government organization. It was a turnkey project to be executed in a given period of time. In the process of work, he comes across major problems. He could not abandon the project or compromise on his moral values. He wanted a way out to salvage this project that was slowly slipping from his control. This case examines the ethical issues that confront small businesses, employees, suppliers and key stakeholders of every organization and explores the mindset of participants, their personal values and their decision making rationale. The participants get an opportunity to identify with the difficult choices a business situation may throw when ethical mindset clashes with the decision making process.

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Simply Academic: Linking Reporting Environments

Issues in Accounting Education ◽

10.2308/iace.2008.23.3.455 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 455-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin T. Stuebs

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Financial Reporting ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Ethical Dilemmas ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Academic Environment ◽

Reporting Environment

This instructional case attempts to connect the environmental incentives and ethical issues from two different reporting environments. It provides two different scenarios that allow students to identify and grapple with multiple incentives and resultant ethical dilemmas present in the academic reporting environment. A summary then requires students to link stakeholders, activities, incentives, and dilemmas in the academic environment to corresponding situations in the financial reporting environment. The purpose of the case is threefold: (1) It makes students aware of the incentives and ethical issues present in various reporting environments. (2) By explicitly linking the academic and financial reporting environments, students see the relevance of ethics in their current lives and are motivated to develop ethical habits now in order to prepare for the challenges that will occur later in their careers. (3) The case forces students to practice making decisions in situations with conflicting incentives and ambiguous or nonexistent legal guidance. Strong conflicting incentives can cloud and compromise even the purest of intentions. Dealing with these conflicts early and often can mature one's judgments and improve the decision-making process.

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The ethics of semantics in medicine

Journal of Medical Ethics ◽

10.1136/medethics-2020-107192 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. medethics-2020-107192

Author(s):

David Shaw ◽

Alex Manara ◽

Anne Laure Dalle Ave

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Healthcare Professional ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Medical Terms ◽

Lay Perspective ◽

Lay People ◽

Course Of Action ◽

Medical Term ◽

Technical Terms

In this paper, we discuss the largely neglected topic of semantics in medicine and the associated ethical issues. We analyse several key medical terms from the informed perspective of the healthcare professional, the lay perspective of the patient and the patient’s family, and the descriptive perspective of what the term actually signifies objectively. The choice of a particular medical term may deliver different meanings when viewed from these differing perspectives. Consequently, several ethical issues may arise. Technical terms that are not commonly understood by lay people may be used by physicians, consciously or not, and may obscure the understanding of the situation by lay people. The choice of particular medical terms may be accidental use of jargon, an attempt to ease the communication of psychologically difficult information, or an attempt to justify a preferred course of action and/or to manipulate the decision-making process.

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Ethical dimensions of paediatric nursing: A rapid evidence assessment

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733016631161 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 111-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Annamaria Bagnasco ◽

Lucia Cadorin ◽

Michela Barisone ◽

Valentina Bressan ◽

Marina Iemmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

New Technology ◽

Research Question ◽

Direct Interaction ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Care Plan ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Face Complex

Background: Paediatric nurses often face complex situations requiring decisions that sometimes clash with their own values and beliefs, or with the needs of the children they care for and their families. Paediatric nurses often use new technology that changes the way they provide care, but also reduces their direct interaction with the child. This may generate ethical issues, which nurses should be able to address in the full respect of the child. Research question and objectives: The purpose of this review is to describe the main ethical dimensions of paediatric nursing. Our research question was, ‘What are the most common ethical dimensions and competences related to paediatric nursing?’ Research design: A rapid evidence assessment. Method: According to the principles of the rapid evidence assessment, we searched the PubMed, SCOPUS and CINAHL databases for papers published between January 2001 and March 2015. These papers were then independently read by two researchers and analysed according to the inclusion criteria. Ethical considerations: Since this was a rapid evidence assessment, no approval from the ethics committee was required. Findings: Ten papers met our inclusion criteria. Ethical issues in paediatric nursing were grouped into three areas: (a) ethical issues in paediatric care, (b) social responsibility and (c) decision-making process. Conclusion: Few studies investigate the ethical dimensions and aspects of paediatric nursing, and they are mainly qualitative studies conducted in critical care settings based on nurses’ perceptions and experiences. Paediatric nurses require specific educational interventions to help them resolve ethical issues, contribute to the decision-making process and fulfil their role as advocates of a vulnerable population (i.e. sick children and their families). Further research is needed to investigate how paediatric nurses can improve the involvement of children and their families in decision-making processes related to their care plan.

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The Place of Ethics in Entrepreneurship: The Nigerian Perspective

International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development ◽

10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.13.2005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 45-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Uwaoma Ironkwe ◽

Ordu Promise A

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Ethical Problems ◽

Business Survival ◽

Integrity Testing ◽

Management Roles

Management and entrepreneurship practitioners now face more ethical issues every day of their working lives than ever. They face hard decision that does not have an ethical dimension or facet. This is an issue of ethical problems in the decision making process. Scholars have opined that leaders confront ethical issues as they carry out their management responsibilities (Ordu and Okoroafor, 2014). Leaders face the matters of morality; right and wrong, fairness and unfairness, and justice or lack of justice, actions or behaviours in their decision making process of planning, organizing, motivating, communicating, delegating or committing some other management roles. Furthermore, ethics, entrepreneurship and ethical perspectives in management are crucial and these features are indispensible for business survival. Managers today must be informed and this has been receiving attention from scholars and industry practitioners. The focus of this paper is to assist entrepreneurship practitioners to uphold ethical practices that are vital for business survival given the ethical problems prevalent in organisations especially in Nigerian context. Looking at the theories associated with stages of ethical consciousness of organization, various forms of business ethical code formation are highlighted as these are essential and needs to be in place if any entrepreneurial activity must survive. In addition, factors that influence unethical behaviours are explored. There are ethical challenges entrepreneurship may face given the Nigerian context. In conclusion, a way forward for overcoming the ethical challenges has been suggested: getting managers to be accountable and responsible, as well as designing an ethical management index and integrity testing etc.

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Involving Minors in Medical Decision Making: Understanding Ethical Issues in Assent and Refusal of Care by Minors

Seminars in Neurology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1668078 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (05) ◽

pp. 533-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abigail Lang ◽

Erin Paquette

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Medical Decision Making ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Medical Decision ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Patient Relationship

AbstractWhen caring for minors, the clinician–patient relationship becomes more ethically complex by the inclusion of parents in the clinician–parent–patient triad. As they age, children become more capable of participating in the decision-making process. This involvement may lead them to either accept or refuse proposed care, both of which are ethically acceptable positions when the minor's capacity to participate in decision making is carefully considered in the context of their age, development, and overall health. Certain conditions may be more likely to impact their capacity for participation, but it is important for clinicians to avoid categorical presumption that minors of a certain age or with certain conditions are incapable of participating in decisions regarding their care. Understanding the ethical bases for decision making in pediatric patients and considerations for the involvement of minors who both assent to and refuse proposed treatment will equip clinicians to respect the growing autonomy of minor patients.

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Le choix de traitement en triade incluant un patient âgé apte en soins palliatifs : à la recherche d’un modèle théorique

Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement ◽

10.1017/s0714980810000772 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 127-142

Author(s):

Julie Lamontagne ◽

Marie Beaulieu ◽

Marcel Arcand

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Elderly Person ◽

The Elderly ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Theoretical Derivation ◽

Her Family ◽

Theoretical Synthesis ◽

Modèle Théorique

ABSTRACTThe elderly in palliative care are confronted with difficult decisions relating to treatments. The philosophy of palliative care, namely, including the patient and his/her family right away, leads the doctor to consult with the two parties involved when choosing a treatment. As no theoretical model allows us to understand how the decision-making process hinges on the trio (a capable elderly person, a family caregiver, and the doctor) in a context of palliative care, we propose one which was developed from three strategies of document analysis: theoretical synthesis, theoretical analysis, and theoretical derivation. According to our model, the decision-making process depends on individual factors influencing the decision of the participant, expectations and attitudes as to the role, the level of confidence amongst the parties involved, the manner in which they communicate with each other, their mutual understanding of the clinical and ethical issues, and, finally, their ability to cooperate.

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