scholarly journals THE NOBEL COMMITTEE CONTINUES TO PAY ITS DEBTS Some thoughts on the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Serge L. Parnovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Compact Object ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Nobel Committee ◽  
Nobel Prize In Physics ◽  
Robust Prediction

The Nobel Prize in Physics in 2020 was awarded to the famous British physicist, mathematician, philosopher of science Roger Penrose “for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity” as well as German astrophysicist Reinhard Genzel and American astronomer Andrea Ghez “for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the center of our galaxy.”

scholarly journals Relativistic redshift of the star S0-2 orbiting the Galactic Center supermassive black hole

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6454) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Do ◽  
Aurelien Hees ◽  
Andrea Ghez ◽  
Gregory D. Martinez ◽  
Devin S. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Gravitational Redshift ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Supermassive Black Hole ◽  
Newtonian Model

The general theory of relativity predicts that a star passing close to a supermassive black hole should exhibit a relativistic redshift. In this study, we used observations of the Galactic Center star S0-2 to test this prediction. We combined existing spectroscopic and astrometric measurements from 1995–2017, which cover S0-2’s 16-year orbit, with measurements from March to September 2018, which cover three events during S0-2’s closest approach to the black hole. We detected a combination of special relativistic and gravitational redshift, quantified using the redshift parameter ϒ. Our result, ϒ = 0.88 ± 0.17, is consistent with general relativity (ϒ = 1) and excludes a Newtonian model (ϒ = 0) with a statistical significance of 5σ.

scholarly journals Black Hole - A Beginning, not the End

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1524-1525
Author(s):  
Purujit Malik
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity

A black hole is a region of space from which nothing, not even light, can escape. According to the general theory of relativity[2], it starts existing when spacetime gets curved by a huge mass. There is a sphere around the black hole. If something goes inside the sphere, it can not leave. This sphere is called the event horizon. A black hole is black because it absorbs all the light that hits it. It reflects nothing, just like a perfect black body in thermodynamics. Under quantum mechanics, black holes have a temperature and emit Hawking radiation, which makes them slowly get smaller.Because black holes are very hard to see, people trying to see them look for them by the way they affect other things near them. The place where there is a black hole can be found by tracking the movement of stars that orbit somewhere in space. Or people can find it when gas falls into a black hole, because the gas heats up and is very bright[1].However besides all these theories we still do not know what a black hole and dark matter is because all these theories rely on the much physical aspect of things and not on a unified understanding of creation.

scholarly journals Absence of Singularity in Schwarzschild Metric in the Vector Model for Gravitational Field

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Vo Van On
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Symmetric Body ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Schwarzschild Metric

In this paper, based on the vector model for gravitational field we deduce an equation to determinate the metric of space-time. This equation is similar to equation of Einstein. The metric of space-time outside a static spherically symmetric body is also determined. It gives a small supplementation to the Schwarzschild metric in General theory of relativity but the singularity does not exist. Especially, this model predicts the existence of a new universal body after a black hole.

scholarly journals EXACT SOLUTION FOR THE INTERIOR OF A BLACK HOLE

2008 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. L141-L153
Author(s):  
THEO M. NIEUWENHUIZEN
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solution ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Schwarzschild Metric ◽  
Specific Shape ◽  
Theory Of Gravitation

Within the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation it is shown that the equation of state p = ρ holds near the center of a black hole. For the stiff equation of state p = ρ − ρc the interior metric is solved exactly. It is matched with the Schwarzschild metric, which is deformed in a narrow range beyond the horizon. The solution is regular everywhere, with a specific shape at the origin. The gravitational redshift at the horizon remains finite but is large, z ~ 1023 M⊙/M. Time keeps its standard role also in the interior. The energy of the Schwarzschild metric, shown to be minus infinity in the General Theory of Relativity, is regularized in this setup, resulting in E = Mc2.

scholarly journals What are Gravitational waves?

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Albert Einstein ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Universe

The purpose of this article is not to present a popular history of mathematical physics nor even to display for the general reader some of the result of research in the history of science, Rather the intention is to explore one important aspect of the great scientific revaluation of recent times which proves the existence of Gravitational wave, predicted by Dr. Albert Einstein about a hundred years ago in his general theory of relativity. Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space time caused by some of the most violent and energetic processes in the universe. They are produced by catastrophic events such as colliding Black hole as well as the collapse of stellar super nova.

scholarly journals New horizons in black hole astrophysics

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Roger Blandford
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Galactic Evolution ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Luminous Objects ◽  
The Universe

Black holes, a seemingly inevitable consequence of Einstein’s general theory of relativity and stellar and galactic evolution are being observed in many new ways with masses ranging from roughly three to ten billion solar masses. Their masses and spins determine how they power the most luminous objects in the universe and impact their environments.

scholarly journals The simplest origin of the big bounce and inflation

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 1847020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikodem Popławski
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Curved Spacetime ◽  
Geometrical Object ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Big Bounce

Torsion is a geometrical object, required by quantum mechanics in curved spacetime, which may naturally solve fundamental problems of general theory of relativity and cosmology. The black-hole cosmology, resulting from torsion, could be a scenario uniting the ideas of the big bounce and inflation, which were the subject of a recent debate of renowned cosmologists.

scholarly journals Optical Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation, Emitted by Particles or Stars Moving near Supermassive Black Hole

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Stanislav Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Geometrical Optics ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Supermassive Black Hole

The general problem of calculating of the propagation of electromagnetic radiation from particles or stars moving in the vicinity of a supermassive black hole is considered in geometrical optics approximation within the framework of the general theory of relativity. Different approaches that can be used to calculate certain characteristics of radiation, including redshift, the intensity and rotation of the plane of polarization, which have been presented in the literature are analysed herein. The inverse problem—the calculation of the parameters of the motion of the source (star or particle) from the data of the redshift, the intensity and the plane of polarization—is also considered.

The general theory of relativity is correct!

1988 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.B. Zel'dovich ◽  
Leonid P. Grishchuk
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity
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