Now I can see: how brand interactions influence channel loyalty and purchase intention in optical physical stores

Purpose This study aims to analyse the effect of brand interactions such as personal interaction, problem-solving, reliability and store physical appearance on channel loyalty and purchase intention in optical physical stores. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses are tested through quantitative research based on a questionnaire with a sample of 414 respondents. Researchers conduct multiple regressions to analyse the data. Findings The findings reveal that channel loyalty and purchase intention are positively influenced differently. Person-to-person interactions play a vital role in both constructs (dependent variables). This study also offers relevant managerial implications and future research avenues. Originality/value Despite the relevance of purchase intention in the literature, almost no studies have been published about the intention to buy glasses in the optical physical stores, a relevant contribution this paper offers to the literature. The finding that the store’s physical aspect did not prove to be influential for channel loyalty is also an innovative and relevant contribution of this research.

Archerfish number discrimination

Debates have arisen as to whether non-human animals actually can learn abstract non-symbolic numerousness or whether they always rely on some continuous physical aspect of the stimuli, covarying with number. Here we investigated archerfish (Toxotes jaculatrix) non-symbolic numerical discrimination with accurate control for co-varying continuous physical stimulus attributes. Archerfish were trained to select one of two groups of black dots (Exp. 1: 3 vs. 6 elements; Exp. 2: 2 vs. 3 elements); these were controlled for several combinations of physical variables (elements’ size, overall area, overall perimeter, density and sparsity), ensuring that only numerical information was available. Generalization tests with novel numerical comparisons (2 vs. 3, 5 vs. 8 and 6 vs. 9 in Exp. 1; 3 vs. 4, 3 vs. 6 in Exp. 2) revealed choice for the largest or smallest numerical group according to the relative number that was rewarded at training. None of the continuous physical variables, including spatial frequency, were affecting archerfish performance. Results provide evidence that archerfish spontaneously use abstract relative numerical information for both small and large numbers when only numerical cues are available.

The Effect of Integrating Midwifery Counseling with A Spiritual content on Improving the Antenatal Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: poor pregnancy QoL is associated with adverse outcomes.Objective: To examine the effect of integrating midwifery counseling with spiritual content on improving the antenatal quality of life. Method: This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 60 first time pregnant women who were referred to two childbirth preparation centers in Zanjan city, Iran in 2019. The counseling was conducted in eight sessions. The quality of life was measured before and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, paired-samples t-test, and linear regression model. The level of significance was p< 0.05.Results: After intervention based on an independent t-test the total score of QoL was significantly greater in the intervention group compared to the control group (p=0.001). after the intervention the mean score of four domains of QoL (Role-Physical, General Health, Vitality, Role-Emotional, and Mental Health) was significantly higher than the control group(p=0.001). While in terms of Physical Functioning, Bodily Pain and Social Functioning domains were not statistically significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: Integrating midwifery counseling with spiritual content had a positive impact on improving the psychological aspect of quality of life more than the physical aspect. It can be used by providers for planning childbirth package.Trial registration: The study registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website under the code IRCT20150731023423N12, Registration date: 2018-11-06, started recruitment start date: 2018-11-11(https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/32031/view)

Problemática de estudio en el caso de los retratos de El- Fayum

The mummification process of the ancient Egyptians has created great myths about this civilization but the process of creating the mummies was not immutable throughout the entire history of Egypt. Such is so, that before El-Fayum's portraits we find ourselves facing the best example in which three great civilisations converge, such as Egypt, Greece and Rome, in the same space-time framework. Nevertheless, this fact has meant a grievance as for its conservation, not having a clear answer about which researchers were better prepared to study them. Another one of the most outstanding peculiarities of these portraits, is the pictorial technique used, the great information it give us about the physical aspect of the mummy and even the social position they occupied, since until the appearance of these portraits, not everyone could afford a funeral in which its remains were mummified. El proceso de momificación de los antiguos egipcios ha creado grandes mitos acerca de esta civilización pero no durante toda la historia de Egipto el proceso de creación de las momias fue inmutable. Tal es así, que ante los retratos de El- Fayum nos encontramos frente al mejor ejemplo en el que convergen tres grandes civilizaciones, como son Egipto, Grecia y Roma, en un mismo marco espacio-temporal. Sin embargo, este hecho ha significado un agravio a la hora de su conservación, al no tener claro que investigadores estarían mejor preparados para estudiarlas. Otras de las peculiaridades más destacadas de estos retratos, son la técnica pictórica utilizada, la gran información que nos aportan sobre el aspecto físico de la momia e incluso la posición social a la que pertenecían ya que hasta la aparición de estos retratos, no todo el mundo podía permitirse un sepelio en el que sus restos fuesen momificados.

Training babies for “sweet anticipation”: Emphasizing expectation arousal in infant-directed mother singing

This study explores how mothers construct, implement, and break musical anticipations while singing to their infants. Five mothers were videotaped multiple times while singing to their infants the songs that they routinely sang in their homes. Analysis of the videotapes focused on the following two aspects of the mothers’ performance of the songs: (1) the vocal aspect of the mother’s performance, which was examined with respect to dynamic changes, accents, and rhythmic variations and (2) the physical aspect, which included moving, touching, and smiling while singing. The results of this study were reached by integrating the above data. We show that mothers do construct, implement, and break musical anticipations in vocal and motional performances of songs they sing to their infants. They construct their infants’ musical anticipations, encouraging them to predict what is about to happen; stimulate arousal and attention of the infants using the tension mechanism of delayed gratification; they emphasize unexpected musical events, creating emotional experiences for the infants. These conclusions provide a new explanation for the great importance of infant-directed mother singing.

The Environmental Factors Associated With Fatigue of Frontline Nurses in the Infection Disease Nursing Unit

The workload in the Infection Disease Nursing Unit (IDNU) is increasing dramatically due to COVID-19, and leads to the prevalence of fatigue among the frontline nurses, threatening their health, and safety. The built environment and design could fundamentally affect the fatigue of nurses for a long-term perspective. This article aims to extract the environmental factors of IDNU and explore nurses' perceptions of these factors on the work-related fatigue. It would produce evidences for mitigating the fatigue by environmental interferons. A cross-sectional design was employed by combination of focus group interview and written survey. Environmental factors of IDNU were collected from healthcare design experts (n = 8). Nurses (n = 64) with frontline COVID-19 experiences in IDNU were recruited to assess these factors individually. Four environmental factors were identified as: Nursing Distance (ND), Spatial Crowdness (SC), Natural Ventilation, and Light (NVL), and Spatial Privacy (SP). Among them, ND was considered as the most influential factor on the physical fatigue, while SP was on the psychological fatigue. Generally, these environmental factors were found to be more influential on the physical fatigue than the psychological fatigue. Technical titles were found to be associated with the nurses' perceptions of fatigue by these environmental factors. Nurse assistant and practical nurse were more likely to suffer from the physical fatigue by these factors than senior nurse. The result indicated that environmental factors of IDNU were associated with the nurses' fatigue, particularly on the physical aspect. Environmental interventions of design could be adopted to alleviate the fatigue by these factors such as reducing the ND and improving the spatial privacy. The accurate interventional measures should be applied to fit nurses' conditions due to their technical titles. More attention should be given to the low-ranking nurses, who account for the majority and are much vulnerable to the physical fatigue by environmental factors.

Nutritional Status and Health Characteristics of People Living with HIV/AIDS

Background: Diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection may impact the individual's life, including the physical aspect such as the length of HIV diagnosed, WHO stage, the ART, and the psychological aspect such as the level of stress. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have an increased need for energy but they have symptoms of lack of nutrition intake. Therefore, PLWHA has a risk of low nutrition status. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between nutritional status and health characteristics among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical design was conducted among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in outpatients’ hospital. A purposive sampling method was used and the sample size was 78 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaire of were the socio-demographic, health characteristic, and nutritional status. The cross-tabulation calculations used chi-square were presented to identify the relationship between nutritional status and health characteristics. Results: The majority of respondents had good health characteristics include the length of HIV diagnosis more than 6 months (79.5%), clinical WHO stage I (61.5%), no stress level (94.9%), and the first choice of ART (83.3%). The nutritional status reported that the majority of the respondents had normal BMI (61.5%), MUAC not at risk (>23,5 cm) (71.8%), and a moderate level of energy intake (37.2%). There were no significant associations between the nutritional status and health characteristics (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The good condition of health characteristics among PLWHA in this study impacted the level the nutritional status.

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health

Introduction: The year 2019 will be remembered in the human history by the mark of an unknown diseases plaguing the whole world with its devastation, namely coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This pandemic caused by a novel strain of RNA virus has caused a catastrophic health outcome for millions of world citizens but in many cases only the physical aspect of the disease came under consideration. Materials & Methods: This review is based on ample literature search of Medline, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and citation lists of relevant publications. Discussion: COVID-19 pandemic has caused a variety of health problems including mental health issues. Initial panic about the completely unknown (Novel) virus plaguing the world was soon joined by an array of mental health problems like anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, traumatic stress etc. Amidst the chaos of unpredictability, mortality, overstretched health facilities etc. we often downplay the importance of paying attention to the mental side of the disease spectrum. As a result, outcomes like child abuse, domestic violence and suicide can increase. Conclusion: It is of utmost importance to educate mass people about the coping strategies to go through this hard time, to ensure proper news sharing, to screen people who are at risk of developing mental health problems and to provide support to those who are in need. Local and International consensus guideline should be planned to deal with this issue. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 169-171

P023 Impact of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis on schooling and family life

Background Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and its related symptoms have been associated with interference in the daily life of children and adolescents with JIA including their friendships, their school attendance and sometimes their family life. The aim of the study was to describe the impact of JIA on schooling, social and family life from the point of view of children. Methods We interviewed 23 children and adolescents, diagnosed with JIA according to the classification criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR). Results The mean age of our group was 16 years, with a sex ratio of 3. Eight percent of the children were in elementary school, 21.7% in high school and 8.7% in university. Eighty-seven per cent reported school absenteeism due to JIA (pain, being hospitalized,) with a mean of 8 missed school days. Forty-three per cent failed in their schooling at some point. Thirty percent thought it was related to the consequences of their disease. Only 47.8% found the school staff to be helpful and supportive. Seventy eight percent felt understood and supported by their family in dealing with the different aspects of JIA. Twenty-six per cent felt more spoiled than their other siblings, creating tension sometimes. Fifty two percent felt different and not accepted by their peers because of the JIA. Conclusions Children with JIA are already suffering from the physical aspect of their disease. Initiating an open discussion with them might reduce the burden these children are carrying often in silence, and improve long-term outcomes in terms of schooling, social and, family life.

Disaster Preparedness in Physical Aspect of students in Bantul and Balikpapan Indonesia

This study aims at identifying difference in physical fitness level between students in disaster-safe school in Bantul and in Balikpapan, Indonesia. This study is a quantitative descriptive study that adopted a comparative method. Data were collected through tests and measurement. Population of the study was all upper-grade students (105 students) of State Madrassa Ibtidaiyah (MI Negeri) 2 Bantul and all upper-grade students (102 students) of State Primary School (SD Negeri) 003 Balikpapan. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling technique with as many as 65 students of MI Negeri 2 Bantul and 87 students of SD Negeri 003 Balikpapan involved. Instrument of the study was the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) for children aged 10-12 years. Data were analyzed using a 2-sample t-test preceded by normality and homoscedasticity tests. Results indicate significant difference in physical fitness level between upper-grade students at MI Negeri 2 Bantul disaster-safe school and those at SD Negeri 003 Balikpapan. The t-test generated a t-value of 7.664 and t-distribution of 1.655 (df 150;5%) with significance level (p) of 0.000. With t-value being greater than t-distribution (7.664 > 1.655) and p-value being less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), it is clear that physical fitness level of students in both schools differs significantly. It can also be concluded that physical fitness of students in Bantul (a mean of 12.40) is higher than that of students in Balikpapan (a mean of 9.93). Hence, it can be said that students in Bantul are more physically prepared for disaster than students in Balikpapan.