scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN SERANGGA MUSUH ALAMI PADA TANAMAN CABAI DI DESA WIYORO, KECAMATAN BANGUNTAPAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra ◽  
Listiatie Budi Utami
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Research Site ◽  
Paratrechina Longicornis ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Additional Income

AbstrakCabai merupakan tanaman yang banyak ditanam masyarakat. Selain dapat dikonsumsi, cabai juga dapat dijual untuk tambahan penghasilan. Perawatan tanaman cabai dewasa ini banyak menggunakan pestisida, padahal terdapat agen biologi yang dapat digunakan dengan lebih efektif dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung tingkat keanekaragaman dan mengetahui jenis serangga musuh alami yang terdapat pada lahan cabai di Desa Wiyoro, Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan perangkap sumuran (pitfall trap), nampan kuning berisi larutan detergent dan jaring serangga. Jaring serangga diayunkan sepanjang bedengan tanaman cabai secara vertical. Luas area pengamatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 x 100 m. Pemasangan nampan kuning dan pitfall dipasang sebanyak 15 buah untuk masing-masing jebakan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak 8 kali dalam 2 bulan. Hasil yang didapatkan berupa 7 ordo serangga sebagai musuh alami pada lokasi penelitian. Jumlah famili paling banyak ditemukan berasal dari ordo Hymenoptera 23 famili dan terendah Dermaptera dan Strepsiptera (1 famili). Spesies paling banyak sebagai musuh alami adalah Paratrechina longicornis. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ordo serangga yang ditemukan sebagai musuh alami pada lokasi penelitian berjumlah 7, dengan jumlah famili terbanyak dari ordo Hymenoptera. Famili dengan jumlah individu terbanyak sebagai musuh alami adalah Formicidae dari Hymenoptera.Abstract Chili is one of the most widely planted plants. Besides being able to consumed, it also can be sold for additional income. Nowadays treatment on chili uses a lot of pesticides, even though there are biological agents that can control pest more effectively and environmentally friendly. This study aims to count the diversity index and determine species of natural enemy found in chili fields in Wiyoro, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Sampling used insect nets, yellow pans, and pitfall. Insect nets were swung along the beds of chillies vertically. The area of this research was 20 x 100 m. Yellow trays and pitfalls were installed 15 units for each trap. Sampling was done 8 times in 2 months. The results that obtained were there were 7 orders of insects that became natural enemies at the research site, with the most number of families was Hymenoptera with 23 families and the lowest were Dermaptera and Strepsiptera with 1 family. The most commonly found species that act as natural enemies are Paratrechina longicornis. The conclusion of this study was the order of insects found as natural enemies at the research site were 7, with the largest number of families was in Hymenoptera. Family with the highest number of individuals as natural enemies was Formicidae from Hymenoptera.

scholarly journals Pemantauan Keanekaragaman Hama dan Musuh Alami Tanaman Ubi Jalar dengan Pitfall Trap

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Eko Apriliyanto ◽  
Arum Asriyanti Suhastyo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Feeding Sources

The abundance of pest and natural enemy populations on a land can be given in the diversity and abundance of feeding sources and other available resources. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of pests and natural enemies of sweet potato plants. Research on land with three types of sweet potatoes, namely yellow sweet potatoes with narrow leaves, yellow sweet potatoes with broad leaves, and sweet potatoes with white leaves. Around the research area are long beans, papaya, guava, soursop, and durian. Sampling of pests and natural enemies by using a pitfall trap. The data analyzed was in the form of the Shannon-Weaver (H') diversity index. The index of pest diversity of the order Coleoptera on narrow-leaved yellow sweet potato, broad-leaved yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato was 0,160; 0,1270; and 0,1300. The index of pest diversity of the order Orthoptera on narrow-leaved yellow sweet potato, broad-leaved yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato was 0,3585; 0,3599; and 0,3632. The index of pest diversity of the order Hemiptera on narrow-leaved yellow sweet potato, broad-leaved yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato was 0,0635; 0,0771; and 0,1300. Diversity index of natural enemies of the order Araneae on narrow-leaved yellow sweet potato, broad-leaved yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato 0.2180; 0.3061; and 0.2705. The three sweet potato fields had a low diversity index.

scholarly journals The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHLUL IKHSAN ◽  
HIDRAYANI ◽  
YAHERWANDI ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

scholarly journals Natural Enemy (Arthropoda-Insecta) Biodiversity in Vegetable Crops in Northeastern Tamil Nadu, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Veeramuthu Anbalagan ◽  
Michael Gabriel Paulraj ◽  
Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu ◽  
Kathirvelu Baskar ◽  
Jonas Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Natural enemies of insect pests in vegetable crops (brinjal, okra and tomato) were recorded and their diversity was studied in Kancheepuram and Tiruvallur Districts, Tamil Nadu. Natural enemies were collected by pitfall traps, sweeping nets and by hand picking from January 2011 to December 2013 twice in a month. Totally 129 species of predatory and parasitic insects were recorded. All the natural enemies were grouped into 50 families under eight different orders. Order hymenoptera contained the highest number of families and species. Among the predators, Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) was found to be the dominant group with high number of species. It was clear that Coccinellidae, Staphylinidae, Carabidae and Pentatomidae were the predominant natural enemies throughout the study period. In 2013, formicidae formed the major family of occurrence from July to December in the vegetable fields; in this period the total number of individuals collected from all families was the highest. The maximum Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 3.70 during the second season in 2013. Maximum richness (5.99) was recorded in the second season of 2012. The variations in the diversity, species richness and evenness between two cropping systems are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Diversity and equitability of insect pests and natural enemies in brinjal field treated with insecticide

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
A Awal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MZ Alam ◽  
MMH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Net Method ◽  
Sweep Net

Experiment was conducted during winter season to study the diversity and equitability of insect pest species and natural enemies in insecticide treated brinjal fields. Highest number of insect pests were recorded in` Tracer 45 SC, Bactoil (Bt), Nimbicidene 0.03 EC and lowest was in Necstar-50 EC and Proclaim-5 SG treated plots. The highest total abundance of insect pest was recorded in the plots treated with Bactoil and Tracer-45 SC and lowest total abundance was in Helicide (HNPV), Proclaim-5 SG and Booster-10 EC treated plots. The diversity index and equitability of insect pest species were highest in the plots treated with Nimbicidene 0.03 EC and Bactoil in visual search and sweep net methods while Bactoil and Booster 10 EC in pitfall trap method. However, lowest diversity index and equitability were obtained from the plots treated with Booster 10 EC, Proclaim-5 SG, Necstar-50 EC, Tracer-45 SC in visual search and sweep net methods but also in plots treated with Nimbicidene 0.03 EC in pitfall trap method. In case of natural enemies, the highest number of families were recorded in Tracer-45 SC, Nimbicidine 0.03 EC and Bactoil treated plots while lowest was in Helicide, Booster 10 EC, Proclaim-5 SG and Necstar-50 EC treated plots. The highest total abundance of natural enemy was recorded in the plot treated with Bactoil and Tracer-45 SC while lowest abundance was in the plot treated with Necstar-50 EC and Boster-10 EC. The diversity index and equitability of natural enemies were the highest in the plots treated with Proclaim-5 SG, Bactoil, Helicide and Necstar-50 EC in visual search, sweep net method and pitfall trap method while lowest was in Booster 10 EC, Tracer-45 SC treated plots in visual search method, Booster 10 EC and Nimbicidene 0.03 EC treated plots in sweep net method, Necstar-50 EC and Nimbicidene 0.03 EC treated plots in pitfall trap method. Bactoil and Tracer-45 SC were relatively safe for natural enemies and therefore would be fit well into integrated pest management (IPM) against BSFB of brinjal crop.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(1): 71-80, 2015 (June)

Diversity of Hemipteran families at Agri-biodiversity park, Hyderabad, India

ENTOMON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Kishore Chandra Sahoo ◽  
V. Sunitha ◽  
V. Vasudeva Rao ◽  
D. Srinivasa Chary
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Sticky Trap ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Yellow Sticky Trap ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Collection Methods

The diversity and abundance of Hemipteran families at Agri-biodiversity park of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India was studied from September 2019 to January 2020. A total of 12,575 individuals under 22 families of Hemiptera were recorded by using five different collection methods viz. pitfall trap, yellow pan trap, manual collection, light trap and yellow sticky trap. Family Cicadellidae was found to be the most abundant family (RA=32.70%), followed by Aleyrodidae (RA=12.47%) and Delphacidae (RA=12.30%), while Eurybrachidae (RA=0.10%), Flatidae (RA=0.10%) and Scutelleridae (RA=0.11%) were the least abundant families. Among the five different collection methods, light trap recorded the maximum number of individuals (6010) followed by yellow sticky trap (3815) whereas, manual collection method (313) recorded the least number of individuals. The Shannon-Weiner diversity Index, Margalef’s species richness index and Pielou’s evenness index for the Hemipteran fauna of the study area were 2.252, 2.225 and 0.728 respectively.

Interaction networks between solitary hymenopterans and their natural enemies in different restoration areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Guilherme Gonzaga da Silva ◽  
Denise Lange ◽  
Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Environmental Complexity ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Trap Nest

Abstract The diversity of species and their interactions have been positively related with environmental complexity. Therefore, highly anthropized environments have their integrity under serious threat. These effects may last for years compromising the dynamics of natural communities, such as antagonistic and mutualistic interactions, including host-natural enemy interactions. To investigate these effects, trap nest methodology was used to assess the diversity of solitary bees, wasps and their natural enemies in three fragmented environments with different degree of anthropic perturbation, composed of a Eucalyptus plantation (considered here as higher perturbation), a Cerrado area (medium perturbation) and a Riparian forest (lesser perturbation). Then, host-natural enemies associations were analysed to verify the size, specialization degree and modularity of interaction network. The gradient from highest to lowest degree of anthropic perturbation was evidenced in the species diversity index, the size of the interaction network and the specialization indexes of the host-natural enemy network. The environment with Eucalyptus plantation showed higher values of diversity of natural enemies, greater number of species in the interaction network, lesser degree of specialization in the interaction and lesser modularity, than Cerrado and Riparian forest environments, respectively. The low degree of nestedness and lack of significance of this index to all sampled areas are indicative of a specialized pattern of networks. The results corroborate the notion that human impact may affect interaction networks, this being an important tool for checking the degree of anthropic alteration.

scholarly journals Intercropping Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) with Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum) Reduces Major Pest Population Densities without Impacting Natural Enemy Populations

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Li ◽  
Xin-xin Lu ◽  
Zhi-jun Zhang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jin-ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Population Suppression

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect of intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital to the success of an integrated pest management approach, varies in different intercropping systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported to be repellent to many insect species. In this study, the impact of sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping on pest population suppression was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and the effect of rosemary intercropping on natural enemy population dynamics was investigated. The results showed that intercropping rosemary with sweet pepper significantly reduced the population densities of three major pest species on sweet pepper, Frankliniella intonsa, Myzus persicae, and Bemisia tabaci, but did not affect the population densities of their natural enemies, the predatory bug, Orius sauteri, or parasitoid, Encarsia formosa. Significant pest population suppression with no adverse effect on released natural enemy populations in the sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping system suggests this could be an approach for integrated pest management of greenhouse-cultivated sweet pepper. Our results highlight the potential of the integration of alternative pest control strategies to optimize sustainable pest control.

Adaptive Release of Natural Enemies in a Pest-Natural Enemy System with Pesticide Resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2167-2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhua Liang ◽  
Sanyi Tang ◽  
Robert A. Cheke ◽  
Jianhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Pesticide Resistance

Carbon stock assessment through above-ground biomass of trees at different forest composition in Mt. Malindawag, Lubilan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
M. G. Origenes ◽  
R. L. Lapitan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Number Of Individuals

It is documented that the amounts of carbon stored and its level of degradation in different forests compositions and different types of forest is mostly unknown, Philippines is no exemption as little was done in some places of this country. This study was conducted to assess carbon stock through above ground biomass of trees at different forest composition in Mt. Malindawag. There were three (3) 20m x 20m sample plots (quadrats) (400m2 equivalent to 0.04 ha) established as replicate plots provided with 50m intervals. Forest composition such as the Agroforestry area, mixed forest area and the Plantation forest were assessed in terms of the number of individuals, number of species, diameter, and height to calculate the biomass, tree biomass density as well as the carbon stock. Based on the results of the study conducted in different forest compositions of Mt. Malindawag, plantation forest has the highest carbon stocking rate. However, these results were not significantly different from the other forest composition. This was associated with a higher accumulated diameter, which resulted in higher biomass and eventually carbon stock. Species found in this forest composition are productive and have lesser number of individuals; therefore, there is lesser competition for resources such as light. Such a mechanism might contribute to the higher biomass and carbon stock. However, the result may not be right to other areas due to uncontrollable factors, anthropogenic and environmental factors. Hence, it is recommended to have further studies on areas where trees have similar age, species diversity index as well as stand development and site productivity for a more accurate and quantifiable carbon stock.

scholarly journals Application of Trap Cropping as Companion Plants for the Management of Agricultural Pests: A Review

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shovon Chandra Sarkar ◽  
Endong Wang ◽  
Shengyong Wu ◽  
Zhongren Lei
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Trap Crops ◽  
Companion Plant ◽  
Trap Cropping

Companion planting is a well-known strategy to manage insect pests and support a natural enemy population through vegetative diversification. Trap cropping is one such type of special companion planting strategy that is traditionally used for insect pest management through vegetative diversification used to attract insect pests away from the main crops during a critical time period by providing them an alternative preferred choice. Trap crops not only attract the insects for feeding and oviposition, but also act as a sink for any pathogen that may be a vector. Considerable research has been conducted on different trap crops as companion plant species to develop improved pest management strategies. Despite this, little consensus exists regarding optimal trap cropping systems for diverse pest management situations. An advantage of trap cropping over an artificially released natural enemy-based biological control could be an attractive remedy for natural enemies in cropping systems. Besides, many trap crop species can conserve natural enemies. This secondary effect of attracting natural enemies may be an advantage compared to the conventional means of pest control. However, this additional consideration requires a more knowledge-intensive background to designing an effective trap cropping system. We have provided information based on different trap crops as companion plant, their functions and an updated list of trap cropping applications to attract insect pests and natural enemies that should be proven as helpful in future trap cropping endeavors.

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