OPTIMISATION OF THE MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS FROM DEFATTED BLACK RICE BRAN OF ORYZA SATIVA L. CV. HOMNIN

The presence of gamma-oryzanol in rice bran oil can be 10–20-fold higher than tocopherol and tocotrienol. Gamma-oryzanol has various pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rice bran extract as a gastroprotective in reducing lesions in ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer models in rat, using the ionic liquid-microwave-assisted extraction (IL-MAE) method. Rice bran extract was obtained using the IL-MAE method with ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM]BF4 (concentration 0.7 M), and a ratio of solid/liquid of 15 g/mL, 15 min extraction time, and 10% microwave power. The rats were pretreated with rice bran extract at different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight; BW) for seven days and subsequently exposed to acute gastric lesions induced by 80% ethanol. Omeprazole (36 mg/kg BW) was used as a standard anti-ulcer drug. The ulcer index, gastric juice acidity, and mucus levels were measured to assess the degree of gastroprotection. The results showed that the oral administration of rice bran extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW significantly inhibited the development of ulcer formation by 66.75% and reduced gastric acid levels. Moreover, gamma oryzanol and omeprazole protected the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced gastric lesions by increasing the level of gastric mucus. Rice bran extract is effective as a gastroprotective therapy sourced from natural ingredients in treating the incidence of gastric ulcers. Most likely, this is related to gamma oryzanol as a bioactive compound contained in rice bran (Oryza sativa L.).

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Gastroprotective Activities of Ethanol Extract of Black Rice Bran (Oryza sativa L.) in Rats

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26133812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 3812

Author(s):

Peerachit Tonchaiyaphum ◽

Warangkana Arpornchayanon ◽

Parirat Khonsung ◽

Natthakarn Chiranthanut ◽

Pornsiri Pitchakarn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Ulcer ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Black Rice ◽

Black Rice Bran

Black rice is a type of rice in the Oryza sativa L. species. There are numerous reports regarding the pharmacological actions of black rice bran, but scientific evidence on its gastroprotection is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective activities of black rice bran ethanol extract (BRB) from the Thai black rice variety Hom Nil (O. sativa L. indica) as well as its mechanisms of action, acute oral toxicity in rats, and phytochemical screening. Rat models of gastric ulcers induced by acidified ethanol, indomethacin, and restraint water immersion stress were used. After pretreatment with 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of BRB in test groups, BRB at 800 mg/kg significantly inhibited the formation of gastric ulcers in all gastric ulcer models, and this inhibition seemed to be dose dependent in an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. BRB could not normalize the amount of gastric wall mucus, reduce gastric volume and total acidity, or increase gastric pH. Although BRB could not increase NO levels in gastric tissue, the tissue MDA levels could be normalized with DPPH radical scavenging activity. These results confirm the gastroprotective activities of BRB with a possible mechanism of action via antioxidant activity. The major phytochemical components of BRB comprise carotenoid derivatives with the presence of phenolic compounds. These components may be responsible for the gastroprotective activities of BRB. The 2000 mg/kg dose of oral BRB showed no acute toxicity in rats and confirmed, in part, the safe uses of BRB.

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POTENCY OF Γ-ORYZANOL-RICH BLACK RICE BRAN (ORYZA SATIVA L. INDICA) EXTRACT FOR TYROSINASE INHIBITION

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i5.37197 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

AFIFAH VARDHANI ◽

MAHDI JUFRI ◽

ERNI PURWANINGSIH

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Rice Bran ◽

High Performance ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽

Black Rice ◽

Black Rice Bran ◽

Skin Lightening

Objective: The objectives of this study were to quantify γ-oryzanol in an ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa L. Indica (black rice) bran and to evaluate its activity as a tyrosinase inhibitor. Methods: Black rice bran was extracted via maceration in 96% ethanol, and the γ-oryzanol concentration in the extract was measured through high-performance liquid chromatography. The applicability of the extract as a skin lightening agent was determined by evaluating its tyrosinase inhibition activity. Results: The dry rice bran contained 118.572 mg/g of γ-oryzanol, and the extract inhibited tyrosinase activity at an IC50 of 74.8%. Conclusion: The black rice bran extract was sufficiently potent for use in skin lightening formulations.

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EFFECTS OF SOLVENT TYPES AND CITRIC ACID CONCENTRATIONS ON THE EXTRACTION OF ANTIOXIDANTS FROM THE BLACK RICE BRAN OF ORYZA SATIVA L. CV. HOM NIN

Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences ◽

10.15414/jmbfs.2018.8.2.765-769 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 765-769

Author(s):

Anek Halee

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Black Rice ◽

Black Rice Bran

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Lotion Containing Black Rice Bran (Oryza sativa L. indica) Extract as Skin Brightening Agent: A Clinical Trial

Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products ◽

10.5812/jjnpp.114152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Mahdi Jufri ◽

Afifah Vardhani ◽

Erni Purwaningsih

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

P Value ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Black Rice ◽

Rice Bran Extract ◽

Black Rice Bran ◽

Skin Lightening

Background: Ultraviolet exposure is an extrinsic factor to initiate melanogenesis, the process of melanin formation in the skin. Nowadays, natural ingredients tend to be more prevalent in cosmetic formulations due to consumers’ concern about synthetic ingredients and the risks they may represent for human health. Rice bran, the outer layer of a rice grain, can be utilized as a skin-lightening agent. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a lotion containing black rice bran (Oryza sativa L. indica) ethanolic extract as a skin lightening agent. Methods: The black rice bran ethanolic extract was formulated into oil in water (o/w) lotion. In this study, 34 women applied the lotion at one side of the forearm and base placebo lotion as control at the other side of forearm. The results were tested with a paired t-test by GraphPad Prism 8.3.0 software. Results: There was a significant decrease in the melanin index and erythema index in the forearm with a lotion containing black rice bran extract (P-value < 0.0001). Conclusions: The lotion containing 10% black rice bran extract was effective as a skin lightener because it effectively reduced skin melanin production when applied topically.

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