AM:STARs: Sports Medicine and Sports Injuries, Vol. 26, No. 1

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  

With more than 30 million US children and teenagers participating in both recreational and team sports, the adolescent physician is faced with many medical, parental and community questions and concerns regarding diagnosis, treatment and prevention of youth sports injuries. This issue provides the adolescent physician with comprehensive, practical and up-to-date information regarding diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic sports injuries, sports concussion, the pre-participation physical evaluation (PPE), mental health concerns, the female athlete, bone health, nutrition, travel, performance enhancing substances, injury rehabilitation, the role of the team physician and injury prevention in youth sports. Contents in Sports Medicine and Sports Injuries include Being a Team Doctor Preparticipation Physical Evaluation Concussion in Teenage Athletes Musculoskeletal Injuries Not to Miss in Teens Overuse and Overtraining Injuries in Teenage Athletes Rehabilitation of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Young Athletes The Female Athlete Triad: Energy Deficiency, Physiologic Consequences, and Treatment The Adolescent Dancer: Common Medical Concerns and Relevant Anticipatory Guidance Mental Health and Pressures in Teen Sports Performance-Enhancing Substances Extreme Sports and the Adolescent Athlete

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Thanujj Kisten ◽  
Rowena Naidoo

Adolescent and youth sports seem to have progressively developed in South Africa to the point where young athletes are considering doping and the use of performance-enhancing substances (PES). This study determined the perspectives of U-19 soccer players and their coaches in the eThekwini region, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, on the use of supplements and drugs. Male participants (n = 449) playing first team soccer from development clubs in the eThekwini region, and their respective coaches (n = 30), volunteered to participate in this study. A questionnaire was administered to players and coaches were interviewed. Soccer players and their coaches believed that consuming prohibited substances in sport was unethical. The majority of the players (73.9% either agreed or strongly agreed) and coaches believed that doping in soccer is on the increase. About a quarter of the players consumed nutritional supplements and smoked cannabis. Anti-doping educational programmes and behaviour change interventions are vital in order to educate and transform athletes’ and coaches’ perspectives on doping and PES, and their resultant behaviour.


2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric G. Boyce

The use and effects of selected performance-enhancing drugs and nutritional supplements are reviewed. Recent sports medicine studies are mostly double blind and placebo controlled but contain relatively small sample sizes. Their data appear reliable and are reported in reputable journals. Definitions and methods used in sports medicine are provided to enhance the understanding of this literature. The use of performance-enhancing substances is probably under-reported. Anabolic-androgenic steroids are reportedly used in 0% to 1% of women, 0.5% to 3% of high school girls, 1% to 5% of men, 1% to 12% of high school boys, and up to 67% of some groups of elite athletes. The use of combinations of performance-enhancing substances is common. Carbohydrate loading, adequate protein intake, creatine, blood doping, and erythropoietin (epoetin alfa) appear to enhance performance. Anabolic-androgenic steroids enhance performance, but health risks limit their use. Growth hormones and β2 -selective adrenergic agonists may enhance performance, but additional studies are needed. Androstenedione, caffeine, amphetamines, and nonprescription sympathomimetics do not appear to enhance performance. Performance-enhancing drugs have shown some benefit in diseased patients with malnutrition and/or decreases in physical ability. Pharmacists and other health care providers have opportunities to improve the understanding, use, and monitoring of performance-enhancing substances.


Author(s):  
Jason M. Nagata ◽  
Kyle T. Ganson ◽  
Scott Griffiths ◽  
Deborah Mitchison ◽  
Andrea K. Garber ◽  
...  

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of muscle-enhancing behaviors in adolescents and young adults using a nationally representative sample in the USA and to examine differences by sex, race/ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and participation in team sports.MethodsProspective cohort data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, Waves I through III (1994–2002) were analyzed. Engagement in muscle-enhancing behaviors including dietary changes, exercise and weightlifting, supplement use, performance-enhancing substances, and anabolic androgenic steroids were recorded. Multiple logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations, incorporating robust standard errors with clustering by school and within persons, and using national sample weighting, were used to determine associations with muscle-enhancing behaviors across three data collection waves.ResultsOf the 18,924 adolescents at baseline, 29.2% of males and 7.0% of females reported weight gain attempts, while 25.2% of males and 3.8% of females reported any muscle-enhancing behavior. All muscle-enhancing behaviors were more common in males compared to females (p<0.001). Among young men 18–26 years old, 15.6% reported using legal performance enhancing substances and 2.7% reported using androgenic anabolic steroids. Factors that were associated with muscle-enhancing behaviors in males across three data collection waves included Black or Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity, age over 14 years, higher parental education, lower body mass index, and participation in team sports.ConclusionsMuscle-enhancing behaviors ranging from dietary changes to supplement and androgenic anabolic steroid use are common among adolescent and young adult males. Clinicians should consider screening for muscle-enhancing behaviors in these populations.


2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Whitaker ◽  
Andy Cunningham ◽  
James Selfe
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Сергей Валерьевич Штерман ◽  
Михаил Юрьевич Сидоренко ◽  
Юрий Ильич Сидоренко ◽  
Валерий Соломонович Штерман ◽  
Наталья Ивановна Чеботарева

Спортивное питание в настоящее время - это неразделимый сплав, представляющий на практике реализацию современных достижений спортивной физиологии на основе использования специально разработанных продуктов питания со строго научно обоснованным составом. Цель работы заключалась в оценке распространенности в настоящее время продуктов спортивного питания среди различных групп спортсменов и широких слоев населения; в выявлении основных целей, которые ставят перед собой их потребители; в анализе динамики ассортимента продукции на рынке; в определении мотивирующих факторов, оказывающих влияние на потребление этих продуктов и прогнозирование направлений дальнейшего их развития. Доля спортсменов различного уровня, использующих продукты спортивного питания, в настоящее время в разных странах мира составляет от 48 до 81 %. В качестве основных целей их потребления рассматривается повышение уровня спортивных достижений, укрепление состояния здоровья, ускорение процесса восстановления после тренировок и соревнований, улучшение внешнего вида и снижение вероятности получения спортивных травм. Распространенность, объем потребления и ассортимент продуктов спортивного питания увеличиваются с ростом спортивной квалификации атлетов. По причине того, что индивидуальные спортивные дисциплины предъявляют более жесткие психологические требования к их участникам по сравнению с командными, распространенность спортивного питания среди спортсменов в индивидуальных видах спорта установлена выше, чем в командных. Данные проведенных исследований указывают на настоятельную необходимость, с целью обеспечения эффективности применения спортивного питания и предотвращения возникновения нежелательных побочных последствий, постоянного повышения квалификации спортсменов, тренеров, руководителей команд и сопровождающих их медицинских работников в области теории и практики применения современных продуктов спортивного питания. Sports nutrition nowadays is an indivisible alloy, representing in practice the implementation of modern achievements in sports physiology by using specially developted food products with a strictly scientifically formed composition. The purpose of this article was to assess the prevalence of sports nutrition products among various groups of athletes and general population; identifying the main goals that consumers set for themselves in this case; analyzing of the product dynamics on the market; establishing motivating factors that influence consumers behavior and forecasting directions of further sports nutrition development. The share of athletes of various levels using sports nutrition products in different countris of the world currently estimates from 48 to 81 %. The main goals of their consumption are comsidered to increase the level of athletics performance; improve health; accelerate the recovery process after training and competion; improve appearance and reduce the probability of sports injuries. The prevalence, consuption and variety of sports nutrition products used increase with the growth athletes` sports qualification. Due to the fact that individual sports disciplinces impose more stringent physological requirements on their participants compared to team sports, the prevalence of sports nutrition among athletes in individual sports is higher than in team sports. The data of studies indicate the urgent need, in order to ensure the proper effectiveness of the sports nutrition consumption and to avoid the occurance of undesirable side effects, of the carring out continuous knowledge upgrading of athletes, team leaders and accompaning medical personal in the field of theory and practice of sports nutrition.


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