PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING AND MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-548
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
New York State ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Health Organization

WORLD HEALTH DAY, April 7, 1953, has been marked by the publication of a World Health Organization pamphlet, Health is Wealth. This is an abridgement of an unusually informative monograph by Prof. C.-E.A. Winslow of Yale, The Cost of Sickness and the Price of Health. At the Fifth World Health Assembly, furthermore, a series of technical discussions were held on the theme "The Economic Values of Preventive Medicine." In these discussions, Dr. Winslow presented a paper highlighting some of the significant facts in this field. Many of the statements in this paper are apt and timely. "Economic values do not provide the only—or even the primary—inspiration for the world-wide campaign for public health. . . . It is men and women who are fundamentally of importance, not dollars. . . ." Yet, in day-to-day activities of public health workers in a "tough and practical world," it is essential to convince peoples and governments that specific goals of health improvement can be obtained and their attainment is feasible within world economics. Thirty years ago, Hermann M. Biggs coined a slogan which is still carried as a motto by the New York State Department of Health: "Public Health is Purchasable, Within Natural Limitations a Community Can Determine Its Own Death-Rate." The following is an excerpt from Dr. Winslow's paper:

scholarly journals Allocation of Ventilators in a Public Health Disaster

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Powell ◽  
Kelly C. Christ ◽  
Guthrie S. Birkhead
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Task Force ◽  
New York State ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
York State Department ◽  
York State

ABSTRACTBackground: In a public health emergency, many more patients could require mechanical ventilators than can be accommodated.Methods: To plan for such a crisis, the New York State Department of Health and the New York State Task Force on Life and the Law convened a workgroup to develop ethical and clinical guidelines for ventilator triage.Results: The workgroup crafted an ethical framework including the following components: duty to care, duty to steward resources, duty to plan, distributive justice, and transparency. Incorporating the ethical framework, the clinical guidelines propose both withholding and withdrawing ventilators from patients with the highest probability of mortality to benefit patients with the highest likelihood of survival. Triage scores derive from the sepsis-related organ failure assessment system, which assigns points based on function in 6 basic medical domains. Triage may not be implemented by a facility without clear permission from public health authorities.Conclusions: New York State released the draft guidelines for public comment, allowing for revision to reflect both community values and medical innovation. This ventilator triage system represents a radical shift from ordinary standards of care, and may serve as a model for allocating other scarce resources in disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:20–26)

Window of Opportunity for New Disease Surveillance: Developing Keyword Lists for Monitoring Mental Health and Injury Through Syndromic Surveillance

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Lauper ◽  
Jian-Hua Chen ◽  
Shao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
New York State ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Free Text ◽  
York State ◽  
The Impact

AbstractStudies have documented the impact that hurricanes have on mental health and injury rates before, during, and after the event. Since timely tracking of these disease patterns is crucial to disaster planning, response, and recovery, syndromic surveillance keyword filters were developed by the New York State Department of Health to study the short- and long-term impacts of Hurricane Sandy. Emergency department syndromic surveillance is recognized as a valuable tool for informing public health activities during and immediately following a disaster. Data typically consist of daily visit reports from hospital emergency departments (EDs) of basic patient data and free-text chief complaints. To develop keyword lists, comparisons were made with existing CDC categories and then integrated with lists from the New York City and New Jersey health departments in a collaborative effort. Two comprehensive lists were developed, each containing multiple subcategories and over 100 keywords for both mental health and injury. The data classifiers using these keywords were used to assess impacts of Sandy on mental health and injuries in New York State. The lists will be validated by comparing the ED chief complaint keyword with the final ICD diagnosis code. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:173–178)

scholarly journals The Effect of COVID-19 Illness on Pregnant Patients With Rheumatic Disease: Early Reassuring Data

2021 ◽  
pp. jrheum.211050
Author(s):  
Lisa R. Sammaritano
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Workers ◽  
Health Organization

As of September 20, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported 228,206,384 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with over 4.5 million deaths worldwide.1 International responses by healthcare providers (HCPs), medical and pharmacologic researchers, and public health workers identified risk factors for serious illness and developed novel therapies and vaccines in real time, even as new variants emerge.

scholarly journals A Bioinformatic Pipeline for Improved Genome Analysis and Clustering of Isolates during Outbreaks of Legionnaires’ Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Haas ◽  
Pascal Lapierre ◽  
Kimberlee A. Musser
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
New York State ◽  
Variant Calling ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Bioinformatic Pipeline ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Legionnaires’ disease, a severe lung infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, occurs as single cases or in outbreaks that are actively tracked by public health departments. To determine the point source of an outbreak, clinical isolates need to be compared to environmental samples to find matching isolates. One confounding factor is the genome plasticity of L. pneumophila, making an exact sequence comparison by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) challenging. Here, we present a WGS analysis pipeline, LegioCluster, designed to circumvent this problem by automatically selecting the best matching reference genome prior to mapping and variant calling. This approach reduces the number of false-positive variant calls, maximizes the fraction of all genomes that are being compared, and naturally clusters the isolates according to their reference strain. Isolates that are too distant from any genome in the database are added to the list of candidate references, thereby creating a new cluster. Short insertions and deletions are considered in addition to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for increased discriminatory power. This manuscript describes the use of this automated and "locked down" bioinformatic pipeline deployed at the New York State Department of Health's Wadsworth Center for investigating relatedness between clinical and environmental isolates. A similar pipeline has not been widely available for use to support this critically important public health investigation analysis.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Potential Microcystin-Producing Cyanobacteria in Lake Ontario Embayments and Nearshore Waters

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (14) ◽  
pp. 4570-4578 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hotto ◽  
M. F. Satchwell ◽  
G. L. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
New York State ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Protein Phosphatase Inhibition ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT The distribution and genotypic variation of potential microcystin (MC) producers along the southern and eastern shores of Lake Ontario in 2001 and 2003 were examined using a suite of PCR primers. Cyanobacterial, Microcystis sp., and Microcystis-specific toxin primer sets identified shoreline distribution of cyanobacterial DNA (in 97% of the stations) and MC synthetase genes (in 50% of the stations). Sequence analysis of a partial mcyA amplicon targeting Microcystis, Anabaena, and Planktothrix species indicated that the Microcystis sp. genotype was the dominant MC genotype present and revealed a novel Microcystis-like sequence containing a 6-bp insert. Analysis of the same samples with genus-specific mcyE primers confirmed that the Microcystis sp. genotype was the dominant potential MC producer. Genotype compositions within embayments were relatively homogenous compared to those for shoreline and tributary samples. MC concentrations along the shoreline exhibited both temporal and spatial differences as evidenced by the protein phosphatase inhibition assay, at times exceeding the World Health Organization guideline value for drinking water of 1.0 μg MC-LReq liter−1. MC genotypes are widespread along the New York State shoreline of Lake Ontario, appear to originate nearshore, and can be carried through the lake via wind and surface water current patterns.

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