THE USE AND ABUSE OF VITAMIN A

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-656
Author(s):  
Sumner J. Yaffe ◽  
L. J. Filer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
High Concentrations

The grave risks resulting from the unrestricted sale of high concentrations of vitamin A make it imperative that an active curb, by appropriate legislation if necessary, be placed on the over-the-counter marketing of high potency vitamin A preparations. Physicians should be aware of the vitamin A content in the preparations they prescribe for their patients. They also should caution parents regarding the dangers of overdosage of this vitamin.

A ‘Suntan’ in capsules - orobronze

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 57-57 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Medicinal Product ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Healthy Activity ◽  
Product Licence

To some people a suntan is an indicator of healthy activity and social prowess. Canthaxanthin is a naturally occurring orange carotenoid without vitamin A properties made by Hoffmann-La Roche and used, for example, as a food additive to improve the colour of farmed salmon. It is now also available over the counter as 30 mg oral capsules (Orobronze - De Witt) for people to dye themselves an orange-brown colour. The DHSS has not issued a product licence for Orobronze because it is ‘not a medicinal product’.

The influence of β-carotene supplementation on β-carotene concentration in the corpus luteum and on hormone concentration in the plasma of heifers

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-362
Author(s):  
G. Flachowsky ◽  
M. Schlenzig ◽  
Brigitta Kirsche ◽  
P. Lebzien
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
High Vitamin ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

AbstractThe objective of the study was to investigate the influence of different levels of β-carotene supplements on the β-carotene concentration in the corpus luteum and on hormone concentrations in the plasma of heifers. 32 heifers (average body weight: 371 kg) were fed a low carotene diet (< 1 mg per kg DM) for 120 days. The heifers were divided into four groups according to body weight and age and supplied with 0, 100, 200 or 300 mg β-carotene per animal and day. Heifers were artifically inseminated after day 60 of the experiment and were slaughtered after day 120 of the experiment. Carotene concentration in the corpus luteum (2.3, 27, 50 and 81 μg/g for 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg β-carotene per animal per day), in plasma and in ovary was significantly influenced with increased carotene supplements. LH-concentration of plasma decreased and β-oestradiol-concentration increased with carotene supplementation. High concentrations of β-carotene in the corpus luteum and ovaries of cattle seem to act as a depot which is available when high vitamin A requirements during ovulation have to be met.

scholarly journals Vitamin A and carotenoids in certain invertebrates. I. Marine Crustacea

1952 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Fisher ◽  
S. K. Kon ◽  
S. Y. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
British Coast ◽  
Β Carotene

Planktonic, benthic and littoral Crustacea were collected from localities around the British coast, from Norwegian and Faeroese waters and from the Antarctic, and their content of preformed vitamin A and carotenoid pigments was measured.Methods are described for the preservation of specimens, the extraction and separation of vitamin A and carotenoids and the measurement of vitamin A by chemical, physical and biological tests, and of carotenoids by physical tests.Free-swimming euphausiids were found to contain, in addition to large quantities of astaxanthin, high concentrations of preformed vitamin A, but no β-carotene.

scholarly journals Vitamin A economy of the developing chick embryo and of the freshly hatched chick

1973 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Joshi ◽  
S. N. Mathur ◽  
S. K. Murthy ◽  
J. Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Embryonic Tissue ◽  
Retinyl Esters ◽  
High Concentrations

1. The changes in the net amounts of retinol, retinyl esters and retinal in both the developing chick embryo and the newly hatched chick were investigated. The embryo requires about 68nmol of the vitamin for its growth, whereas the baby chick requires about 108nmol during the first 7 days after hatching. 2. Retinal was present in the egg in fairly high concentrations at the beginning of the incubation but it virtually disappeared from the extra-embryonic tissue after day 17 of incubation. It was not found in the liver of the embryo or of the newly hatched chick up until day 7.

scholarly journals Impact of misuse of antimicrobial agents on egg bitterness

10.3823/832 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Karmi ◽  
Asem Mohamed Zakaria ◽  
Marwa Ibrahim Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Antimicrobial Residues ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations

A hundred raw eggs samples randomly selected from Aswan university residence restaurant due to students' complain of bitter taste presence in the table eggs served to them during breakfast. The samples were examined physically and chemically for antibiotic residues and vitamins A, D3 levels concentration by Spectrophotometer. The result showed that all interior egg quality traits were normal except the presence of small blood spots in 5 eggs yolk, bitter taste were present in 18 eggs yolk, antimicrobial residues were detected in 19  eggs yolk and 4 eggs white. Antimicrobial residues positive samples were examined quantitatively by HPLC for Doxycycline (DC) residues presence. The results showed that 100% of examined samples having DC residues with means concentrations of 35±1.46 and 97±4.46 ppb for eggs white and yolk respectively. The mean levels of vitamin A and D3 in eggs yolk were 447±5.49 µg/100g and11±1.35 µg/100g respectively. The paper concludes that the high concentrations of Vitamins and Doxycycline may be the cause of bitter taste of egg.

scholarly journals Carrot Leaves Maintain Liver Vitamin A Concentrations in Male Mongolian Gerbils Regardless of the Ratio of α- to β-Carotene When β-Carotene Equivalents Are Equalized

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler J Titcomb ◽  
Mikayla S Kaeppler ◽  
Sofía Beatriz Sandoval Cates ◽  
Jamie M Shannon ◽  
Philipp W Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Retinyl Acetate ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Viable Method ◽  
Β Carotene

ABSTRACT Background Carrots are an important horticultural crop that contain provitamin A carotenoids (PACs). Orange carrots have high concentrations of α-carotene, which upon central cleavage yields 1 retinal and 1 α-retinal molecule. The leaves of carrot plants are a source of PACs when consumed. Objective Male Mongolian gerbils aged 27–30 d were used to assess the bioefficacy of carrot leaves to maintain vitamin A (VA) status and investigate whether the ratio of α- to β-carotene (α:β-carotene) affected bioefficacy. Methods After 3 wk depletion, baseline gerbils were killed (n = 6) and the remaining gerbils (n = 60) were divided into 6 groups to receive 4 VA-deficient, carrot leaf–fortified feeds (1:1.4, 1:2.5, 1:5.0, and 1:80 α:β-carotene ratio) equalized to 4.8 nmol/g β-carotene equivalents (βCEs), or VA-deficient feed with (VA+) or without (VA−) retinyl acetate supplements. Carrot-leaf powder from 4 carrot plants with differing α:β-carotene ratios was used. After 4 wk, gerbils were killed and tissues were collected and analyzed for retinoids by HPLC. Results VA+ had higher total liver VA (means ± SD 0.91 ± 0.29 μmol) than all other groups (range: 0.40–0.62) (P ≤ 0.03), and the carrot leaf treatments did not differ from baseline (0.55 ± 0.09 μmol). VA− (0.40 ± 0.23 μmol VA/liver) did not differ from the leaf-fed groups, but 30% became VA deficient (defined as <0.1 μmol VA/g liver). α-Retinol accumulated in livers and lungs and was correlated to total α-carotene consumption (R2 = 0.83 and 0.88, respectively; P < 0.0001). Bioefficacy factors ranged from 4.2 to 6.2 μg βCE to 1 μg retinol. Conclusions Carrot leaves maintain VA status and prevent deficiency in gerbils regardless of the α:β-carotene ratio. The bioconversion of PACs from carrot leaves to retinol is similar to what has been reported for other green leafy vegetables, making the consumption of carrot leaves a viable method to improve dietary PAC intake.

scholarly journals Preparation of High Potency Vitamin A from Natural Vitamin Oil.

1956 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Toshio Agawa ◽  
Junzo Tsujimoto ◽  
Saburo Komori
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Natural Vitamin

Vitamin A Intoxication from Reef Fish Liver Consumption in Bermuda

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1581-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DEWAILLY ◽  
P. ROUJA ◽  
E. SCHULTZ ◽  
P. JULIEN ◽  
T. TUCKER
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Tropical Fish ◽  
Fish Liver ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Very High

We report three historical cases of severe vitamin A intoxication in anglers who had consumed reef fish liver caught in Bermuda. The subsequent analyses of 35 fish livers from seven different fish species revealed that very high concentrations of vitamin A exist in tropical fish liver, even in noncarnivorous fish species. Large variations in concentrations were observed between specimens and between species. The angling population and (especially) pregnant women should be advised of this potential health threat.

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