Anti-D Globulin-Induced Hemolysis in Agammaglobulinemia and Arthritis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-308
Author(s):  
Henry F. Pabst ◽  
Paul M. Gelpke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
D Antigen

A major advance in pediatric preventive medicine has been the administration of anti-D globulin to D-negative mothers after delivery to inhibit development of antibodies to the D antigen in the rhesus blood group. This globulin is prepared commercially from pooled plasma of individuals with a high anti-D antibody titer. The indirect Coombs' titer of anti-D of acceptable preparations is usually 1:3,200 or higher.1 Injections of twice the usual therapeutic amounts of anti-D globulin into a D-positive volunteer have caused only minimal reductions in hemoglobin level and hematocrit value and no ill effects.1 Our observations in an agammaglobulinemic 4-year-old D-positive girl who received 1,800 µg of anti-D globulin with resulting hemolysis are therefore pertinent.

scholarly journals Rhesus Negative Pregnancy: Prevalence and Foetomaternal Outcomes in a Tertiary Hospital, South-South Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Rhesus Factor ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
Rhesus Incompatibility ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
D Antigen ◽  
In Pregnancy

Rhesus incompatibility can pose a problem in pregnancy and cause obstetric failure in a handful of women. The Rhesus factor is a red blood cell surface antigen; and there are many antigen subtypes that make up the Rhesus blood group systems, of which the most commonly involved and most immunogenically associated with Rhesus isoimmunisation is the D antigen. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Rhesus negativity and the foetomaternal outcomes at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. This was a 5-year retrospective study conducted between 1st January, 2016 and 31st December, 2020 at our Obstetric Unit. Data were retrieved, entered into a pre-designed preformed and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results were presented as mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and frequencies or percentages for categorical variables. Of the 4,571 pregnant women, 104 were Rhesus negative, giving a rate of 2.27%. The most common blood group among the women (53.8%) and their partners (84.6%) was the O blood group. Only 2 (1.9%) women were sensitised. Out of the 104 Rhesus negative women, 81 were unsensitised (77.9%) and received anti-D immunoglobulin. Majority of the babies had a good outcome, though 19 (18.2%) of them were admitted into the special care baby unit for various conditions. The incidence of Rhesus negative pregnancy in our study was 2.27%, and 1.9% of the women were sensitised. Prompt administration of anti-D immunoglobulin after sensitising events and post-delivery is key in the prevention of Rhesus isoimmunisation.

Linkage between α-fucosidase and the rhesus blood group

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-405
Author(s):  
G. CORNEY ◽  
R. A. FISHER ◽  
P. J. L. COOK ◽  
J. NOADES ◽  
E. B. ROBSON
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group

scholarly journals Preemptive intravenous iron therapy versus autologous whole blood therapy for early postoperative hemoglobin level in patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a prospective randomized noninferiority trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Suk Chae ◽  
Mihyun Lee ◽  
Min Ho Choi ◽  
Je Uk Park ◽  
Misun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Iron Group ◽  
Autologous Whole Blood ◽  
Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Iv Iron

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) iron therapy during the perioperative period as an alternative and adjunct to allogeneic blood transfusion. Preemptive IV iron therapy provides noninferior hemoglobin levels on postoperative day (POD) 1 compared to autologous whole blood therapy (AWBT) in healthy patients who had undergone bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Methods This was a prospective, patient-randomized, noninferiority trial. After excluding 2 patients, 64 patients were divided into two groups: the IV iron therapy group (patients received IV iron infusion 4 weeks before surgery; n = 32) and the AWBT group (2 units of autologous whole blood were collected 4 and 2 weeks before surgery; n = 32). The primary outcome was hemoglobin level on POD 1 and the prespecified noninferiority limit was − 1 g/dL. Results Baseline data were comparable, including hemoglobin and iron levels, between the two groups. Immediately before surgery, the levels of hemoglobin, iron, and ferritin were higher in the IV iron group than in the AWBT group. The mean treatment difference (iron group—whole blood group) in hemoglobin level on POD 1 between the two groups was 0.09 (95% CI = − 0.83 to 1.0). As the lower limit of the 95% CI (− 0.83) was higher than the prespecified noninferiority margin (δ = − 1), noninferiority was established. On POD 2, the hemoglobin level became lower in the iron group, which eventually led to greater requirement of allogeneic blood transfusion compared to the whole blood group. However, the iron group did not require allogeneic blood transfusion during or early after surgery, and the whole blood group showed continuously higher incidence of overt iron deficiency compared to the iron group. Conclusion As collection of autologous whole blood caused overt iron loss and anemia before surgery and intraoperative transfusion of whole blood was not able to prevent the occurrence of persistent iron deficiency after surgery, IV iron therapy was found to have potential benefits for iron homeostasis and subsequent erythropoiesis in healthy patients early after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea, approval number: KCT0003680 on March 27, 2019. https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_kren.jsp?seq=15769&sLeft=2&ltype=my&rtype=my.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood group among population of Safdarabad and Faisalabad cities of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sabir ◽  
Arslan Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Umar Ijaz ◽  
Ghulam Hussain ◽  
Azhar Rasul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
The People ◽  
Group Frequency ◽  
Slide Test ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Group Distribution ◽  
Blood Grouping

Abstract Objective The current study aimed to investigate the ABO and rhesus (Rh) blood group frequency in the people of District Faisalabad and Sheikhupura, Punjab Province, Pakistan. The retrospective study was conducted on more than thirty thousand people including both male and female patients admitted to the Tehsil Headquarter Hospital, Safdarabad and The Best Hospital, Faisalabad. Blood samples were taken from each subject and subsequently ABO and Rh blood groups were evaluated separately. The antigen antibody agglutination slide test for blood grouping (ABO) and Rh were used to assess the blood group frequencies. Results The frequencies of ABO blood group distribution indicated that blood group B was predominant in the people of Safdarabad followed by O, A and AB respectively. While, among people of Faisalabad, blood group O was predominant followed B, A and AB respectively. Rh negative phenotype was found lesser distributed as compared to the positive Rh phenotype.

scholarly journals Preemptive intravenous iron therapy versus autologous whole blood therapy for early postoperative hemoglobin level in patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: A prospective randomized noninferiority trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Suk Chae ◽  
Mihyun Lee ◽  
Min Ho Choi ◽  
Je Uk Park ◽  
Misun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Iron Group ◽  
Autologous Whole Blood ◽  
Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Iv Iron

Abstract Background: Previous studies have reported the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) iron therapy during the perioperative period as an alternative and adjunct to allogeneic blood transfusion. Preemptive IV iron therapy provides noninferior hemoglobin levels on postoperative day (POD) 1 compared to autologous whole blood therapy (AWBT) in healthy patients who had undergone bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.Methods: This was a prospective, patient-randomized, noninferiority trial. After excluding 2 patients, 64 patients were divided into two groups: the IV iron therapy group (patients received IV iron infusion 4 weeks before surgery; n = 32) and the AWBT group (2 units of autologous whole blood were collected 4 and 2 weeks before surgery; n = 32). The primary outcome was hemoglobin level on POD 1 and the prespecified noninferiority limit was –1 g/dL. Results: Baseline data were comparable, including hemoglobin and iron levels, between the two groups. Immediately before surgery, the levels of hemoglobin, iron, and ferritin were higher in the IV iron group than in the AWBT group. The mean treatment difference (iron group – whole blood group) in hemoglobin level on POD 1 between the two groups was 0.09 (95% CI = –0.83 to 1.0). As the lower limit of the 95% CI (–0.83) was higher than the prespecified noninferiority margin (δ = –1), noninferiority was established. On POD 2, the hemoglobin level became lower in the iron group, which eventually led to greater requirement of allogeneic blood transfusion compared to the whole blood group. However, the iron group did not require allogeneic blood transfusion during or early after surgery, and the whole blood group showed continuously higher incidence of overt iron deficiency compared to the iron group. Conclusion: As collection of autologous whole blood caused overt iron loss and anemia before surgery and intraoperative transfusion of whole blood was not able to prevent the occurrence of persistent iron deficiency after surgery, IV iron therapy was found to have potential benefits for iron homeostasis and subsequent erythropoiesis in healthy patients early after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea, approval number: KCT0003680 on March 27, 2019https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_kren.jsp?seq=15769&sLeft=2&ltype=my&rtype=my

scholarly journals Rearrangements of the blood group RhD gene associated with the DVI category phenotype

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mouro ◽  
C Le Van Kim ◽  
C Rouillac ◽  
DJ van Rhenen ◽  
PY Le Pennec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Genomic Rearrangements ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Mrna Sequencing ◽  
Major Antigen ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
Equivalent Region

Abstract The Rh (Rhesus) blood group antigens, D, Cc, and Ee, are carried by three unglycosylated membrane proteins of the human erythrocytes encoded by two highly related genes, D and CcEe. The major antigen, D, is a mosaic composed of at least nine determinants (epD1 through epD9). The lack of expression of some of these D epitopes at the surface of variant red blood cells defines the so-called D category phenotypes. In this report, we have determined the molecular basis of the DVI category phenotype characterized by the lack of epitopes D1, D2, D5, D6/7, and D8. Southern blot analysis and mRNA sequencing showed that the DVI phenotype is associated with two types of rearrangement of the D gene. Of 10 DVI genomes investigated, 8 exhibited a segmental DNA replacement (gene conversion) between the D fragment encompassing exons 4, 5, and 6 and the equivalent region of the CcEe gene. In the two other variants, these three exons are deleted. In both cases, the genomic rearrangement did not alter the reading frame of the variant RhD transcripts that are translated in 417 and 266 amino acid polypeptides, respectively. A heterogeneity of category DVI samples based on variable reactivity of the red blood cells with anti-D antibodies was previously found to be associated with the CDVIe or cDVIE haplotypes. Interestingly, our present results indicated that this serologic subdivision of the DVI category is correlated to two types of genomic rearrangements of the D gene.

scholarly journals Identification and partial characterization of the human erythrocyte membrane component(s) that express the antigens of the LW blood-group system

1986 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mallinson ◽  
P G Martin ◽  
D J Anstee ◽  
M J A Tanner ◽  
A H Merry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Group System ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group System

Rhnull human erythrocytes lack the antigens of the Rhesus blood-group system, have an abnormal shape, have an increased osmotic fragility, and are associated with mild chronic haemolytic anaemia. Rhnull erythrocytes also lack all antigens of the LW blood-group system, but the functional significance of this deficiency is unknown. We have identified, by immunoblotting with two mouse monoclonal antibodies (BS46 and BS56), the LW-active component(s) in normal human erythrocytes as a broad band of Mr 37 000-47 000 on SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Treatment of intact human erythrocytes with endoglycosidase F preparation destroyed the epitopes recognized by antibodies BS46 and BS56, suggesting that one or more N-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides are required for the formation of the LW antigens. Estimation of the number of LW antigen sites per erythrocyte by using radioiodinated purified antibody BS46 gave average values of 4400 molecules/cell for Rh(D)-positive adult erythrocytes and 2835 molecules/cell for Rh(D)-negative adult erythrocytes. Like the Rh(D) polypeptide, the LW polypeptide(s) is (are) associated with the cytoskeleton of normal erythrocytes. These results suggest the possibility that the absence of the LW polypeptide may also contribute to the functional and/or morphological abnormalities of Rhnull erythrocytes.

Association between ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Systems among Confirmed Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Infected Patients in Northeast Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1155-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ayatollahi ◽  
H. Rafatpanah ◽  
M.E. Khayyami ◽  
D. Sayyadpour ◽  
M. Ravarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Rhesus Blood Group ◽  
Northeast Iran

scholarly journals Rh D blood group conversion using transcription activator-like effector nucleases

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hoon Kim ◽  
Hyun O. Kim ◽  
Eun J. Baek ◽  
Ryo Kurita ◽  
Hyuk-Jin Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽  
D Antigen ◽  
Universal Donor

Abstract Group O D-negative blood cells are universal donors in transfusion medicine and methods for converting other blood groups into this universal donor group have been researched. However, conversion of D-positive cells into D-negative is yet to be achieved, although conversion of group A or B cells into O cells has been reported. The Rh D blood group is determined by the RHD gene, which encodes a 12-transmembrane domain protein. Here we convert Rh D-positive erythroid progenitor cells into D-negative cells using RHD-targeting transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). After transfection of TALEN-encoding plasmids, RHD-knockout clones are obtained. Erythroid-lineage cells differentiated from these knockout erythroid progenitor cells do not agglutinate in the presence of anti-D reagents and do not express D antigen, as assessed using flow cytometry. Our programmable nuclease-induced blood group conversion opens new avenues for compatible donor cell generation in transfusion medicine.

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